scholarly journals Long‐Term Variability and Tendencies in Middle Atmosphere Temperature and Zonal Wind From WACCM6 Simulations During 1850–2014

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ramesh ◽  
Anne K. Smith ◽  
Rolando R. Garcia ◽  
Daniel R. Marsh ◽  
S. Sridharan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zonal Wind ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Atmosphere Temperature

Long-term variability in the equatorial middle atmosphere zonal wind

1996 ◽  
Vol 101 (D8) ◽  
pp. 12847-12854 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Burrage ◽  
R. A. Vincent ◽  
H. G. Mayr ◽  
W. R. Skinner ◽  
N. F. Arnold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zonal Wind ◽  
Middle Atmosphere

scholarly journals Meteor heights during the recent solar minimum

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Jacobi
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Solar Minimum ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Vhf Radar ◽  
Linear Temperature ◽  
Reflection Height ◽  
Atmosphere Temperature

Abstract. Average meteor heights have been continuously observed using a SKiYMET VHF radar at Collm (51.3° N, 13.0° E) since late summer of 2004. Initially, the daily mean meteor height was about 89.4 km. Since that time, average meteor heights have decreased. This is consistent with earlier results on middle atmosphere temperature change from the literature and from earlier results of low-frequency reflection height changes measured at Kühlungsborn and Collm. During the recent solar minimum 2008/2009 the meteor heights further decreased. Linear fitting of a trend and a solar cycle to the heights reveals a linear decrease of about −56 m year−1 and a solar cycle effect of +450 m per 100 sfu. Assuming that meteor heights, on a long-term average, approximately refer to a level of constant pressure, this decrease can be converted to a mean middle atmosphere linear temperature decrease of −0.23 K year−1 and a solar cycle effect of +1.8 K per 100 sfu during the last decade, which is in the range of observed trends reported in the literature.

Climatology of the middle-atmosphere temperature from long-term lidar measurements at mid and low latitudes

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. McDermid ◽  
Thierry Leblanc ◽  
Philippe Keckhut ◽  
Alain Hauchecorne ◽  
Chiao Y. She ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Lidar Measurements ◽  
Low Latitudes ◽  
Atmosphere Temperature

scholarly journals Middle atmosphere temperature trend and solar cycle revealed by long-term Rayleigh lidar observations

2011 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Li ◽  
Thierry Leblanc ◽  
I. Stuart McDermid ◽  
Philippe Keckhut ◽  
Alain Hauchecorne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Temperature Trend ◽  
Atmosphere Temperature ◽  
Rayleigh Lidar ◽  
Lidar Observations

scholarly journals Characteristics of Stratospheric Winds over Jiuquan (41.1°N, 100.2°E) Using Rocketsonde Data in 1967–2004

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 657-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Sheng ◽  
J. W. Li ◽  
Y. Jiang ◽  
S. D. Zhou ◽  
W. L. Shi
Keyword(s):  
Zonal Wind ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Meridional Wind ◽  
Horizontal Wind ◽  
Cycle Period ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Wind Fields ◽  
Zonal Winds ◽  
Model Research

AbstractStratospheric winds play a significant role in middle atmosphere dynamics, model research, and carrier rocket experiments. For the first time, 65 sets of rocket sounding experiments conducted at Jiuquan (41.1°N, 100.2°E), China, from 1967 to 2004 are presented to study horizontal wind fields in the stratosphere. At a fixed height, wind speed obeys the lognormal distribution. Seasonal mean winds are westerly in winter and easterly in summer. In spring and autumn, zonal wind directions change from the upper to the lower stratosphere. The monthly zonal mean winds have an annual cycle period with large amplitudes at high altitudes. The correlation coefficients for zonal winds between observations and the Horizontal Wind Model (HWM) with all datasets are 0.7. The MERRA reanalysis is in good agreement with rocketsonde data according to the zonal winds comparison with a coefficient of 0.98. The sudden stratospheric warming is an important contribution to biases in the HWM, because it changes the zonal wind direction in the midlatitudes. Both the model and the reanalysis show dramatic meridional wind differences with the observation data.

Middle Atmosphere Temperature Changes Derived from SABER Observations during 2002-2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
X. R. Zhao ◽  
Z. Sheng ◽  
H. Q. Shi ◽  
L. B. Weng ◽  
Y. He
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Quasi Biennial Oscillation ◽  
Atmosphere Temperature ◽  
Temperature Responses

AbstractUsing temperature data measured by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument from February 2002 to March 2020, the temperature linear trend and temperature responses to the solar cycle (SC), Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO), and El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) were investigated from 20 km to 110 km for the latitude range of 50°S-50°N. A four-component harmonic fit was used to remove the seasonal variation from the observed monthly temperature series. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was applied to analyze the linear trend, SC, QBO, and ENSO terms. In this study, the near-global mean temperature shows consistent cooling trends throughout the entire middle atmosphere, ranging from -0.28 to -0.97 K/decade. Additionally, it shows positive responses to the solar cycle, varying from -0.05 to 4.53 K/100sfu. A solar temperature response boundary between 50°S and 50°N is given, above which the atmospheric temperature is strongly affected by solar activity. The boundary penetrates deep below the stratopause to ~ 42 km over the tropical region and rises to higher altitudes with latitude. Temperature responses to the QBO and ENSO can be observed up to the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere. In the equatorial region, 40%-70% of the total variance is explained by QBO signals in the stratosphere and 30%-50% is explained by the solar signal in the upper middle atmosphere. Our results, obtained from 18-year SABER observations, are expected to be an updated reliable estimation of the middle atmosphere temperature variability for the stratospheric ozone recovery period.

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