Establishment of Conceptual Schemas of Surface Synoptic Meteorological Situations Affecting Fine Particulate Pollution Across Eastern China in the Winter

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuewei Hou ◽  
Bin Zhu ◽  
Kanike Raghavendra Kumar ◽  
Gerrit Leeuw ◽  
Wen Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern China ◽  
Particulate Pollution ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Conceptual Schemas

scholarly journals Meteorological controls on atmospheric particulate pollution during hazard reduction burns

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Di Virgilio ◽  
Melissa Anne Hart ◽  
Ningbo Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
Hazard Reduction ◽  
Particulate Pollution ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Projected Changes ◽  
Sydney Australia

Abstract. Internationally, severe wildfires are an escalating problem likely to worsen given projected changes to climate. Hazard reduction burns (HRB) are used to suppress wildfire occurrences, but they generate considerable emissions of atmospheric fine particulate matter, which depending upon prevailing atmospheric conditions, can degrade air quality. Our objectives are to improve understanding of the relationships between meteorological conditions and air quality during HRBs in Sydney, Australia. We identify the primary meteorological covariates linked to high PM2.5 pollution (particulates

scholarly journals Long-term Exposure to Ambient Fine Particulate Pollution Induces Insulin Resistance and Mitochondrial Alteration in Adipose Tissue

2011 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Xu ◽  
Cuiqing Liu ◽  
Zhaobin Xu ◽  
Kevin Tzan ◽  
Mianhua Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Particulate Pollution ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Mitochondrial Alteration

Control of fine particulate pollution inside entrance booths

2020 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 106576
Author(s):  
Ruiting Wang ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
Bin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Pollution ◽  
Fine Particulate

scholarly journals Local and regional contributions to fine particulate matter in the 18 cities of Sichuan Basin, southwestern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 5791-5803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Qiao ◽  
Hao Guo ◽  
Ya Tang ◽  
Pengfei Wang ◽  
Wenye Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Sichuan Basin ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Inorganic Aerosols ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
The Sichuan Basin

Abstract. The Sichuan Basin (SCB) is one of the regions suffering from severe air pollution in China, but fewer studies have been conducted for this region than for the more developed regions in eastern and northern China. In this study, a source-oriented version of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model was used to quantify contributions from nine regions to PM2.5 (i.e., particulate matter, PM, with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 µm) and its components in the 18 cities within the SCB in the winter (December  2014 to February 2015) and summer (June to August 2015). In the winter, citywide average PM2.5 concentrations are 45–126 µg m−3, with 21 %–51 % and 39 %–66 % being due to local and nonlocal emissions, respectively. In the summer, 15 %–45 % and 25 %–52 % of citywide average PM2.5 (14–31 µg m−3) are due to local and nonlocal emissions, respectively. Compared to primary PM (PPM), the inter-region transport of secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA), including ammonia, nitrate, and sulfate ions (NH4+, NO3-, and SO42-, respectively), and their gas-phase precursors are greater. The region to the east of SCB (R7, including central and eastern China and others) is the largest contributor outside the SCB, and it can contribute approximately 80 % of PM2.5 in the eastern, northeastern, and southeastern rims of the SCB but only 10 % in other SCB regions in both seasons. Under favorable transport conditions, regional transport of air pollutants from R7 could account for up to 35–100 µg m−3 of PM2.5 in each of the SCB cities in the winter. This study demonstrates that it is important to have joint emission control efforts among cities within the SCB and regions to the east in order to reduce PM2.5 concentrations and prevent high PM2.5 days for the entire basin.

scholarly journals An Economic Evaluation of the Health Effects of Reducing Fine Particulate Pollution in Chinese Cities

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yana Jin ◽  
Shiqiu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Control Process ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Mortality Reduction ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Particulate Pollution ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Welfare Implications

Fine particulate pollution (PM2.5) is a leading mortality risk factor in the People's Republic of China (PRC) and many Asian countries. Current studies of PM2.5 mortality have been conducted at the national and provincial levels, or at the grid-based micro level, and report only the exposure index or attributable premature deaths. Little is known about the welfare implications of PM2.5 mortality for urban areas. In this study, we estimate the total cost of PM2.5 mortality, the benefit of its reduction achieved through meeting various air quality targets, and the benefit of mortality reduction achieved through a uniform 10 micrograms per cubic meter decrease in PM2.5 concentration in the urban areas of 300 major cities in the PRC. Significant heterogeneity exists in welfare indicators across rich versus poor and clean versus dirty cities. The results indicate that cities in the PRC should accelerate the fine particulate pollution control process and implement more stringent air quality targets to achieve much greater mortality reduction benefits.

Quantifying short-term and long-term health benefits of attaining ambient fine particulate pollution standards in Guangzhou, China

2016 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hualiang Lin ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Jianpeng Xiao ◽  
Weilin Zeng ◽  
Xing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Benefits ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Particulate Pollution ◽  
Fine Particulate

scholarly journals Continuous mapping of fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) air quality in East Asia at daily 6×6 km<sup>2</sup> resolution by application of a random forest algorithm to 2011–2019 GOCI geostationary satellite data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew C. Pendergrass ◽  
Daniel J. Jacob ◽  
Shixian Zhai ◽  
Jhoon Kim ◽  
Ja-Ho Koo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Random Forest ◽  
South Korea ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Population Exposure ◽  
Fine Particulate

Abstract. We use 2011–2019 aerosol optical depth (AOD) observations from the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) instrument over East Asia to infer 24-h daily surface fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations at continuous 6x6 km2 resolution over eastern China, South Korea, and Japan. This is done with a random forest (RF) algorithm applied to the gap-filled GOCI AODs and other data and trained with PM2.5 observations from the three national networks. The predicted 24-h PM2.5 concentrations for sites entirely withheld from training in a ten-fold crossvalidation procedure correlate highly with network observations (R2 = 0.89) with single-value precision of 26–32 % depending on country. Prediction of annual mean values has R2 = 0.96 and single-value precision of 12 %. The RF algorithm is only moderately successful for diagnosing local exceedances of the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) because these exceedances are typically within the single-value precisions of the RF, and also because of RF smoothing of extreme PM2.5 concentrations. The area-weighted and population-weighted trends of RF PM2.5 concentrations for eastern China, South Korea, and Japan show steady 2015–2019 declines consistent with surface networks, but the surface networks in eastern China and South Korea underestimate population exposure. Further examination of RF PM2.5 fields for South Korea identifies hotspots where surface network sites were initially lacking and shows 2015–2019 PM2.5 decreases across the country except for flat concentrations in the Seoul metropolitan area. Inspection of monthly PM2.5 time series in Beijing, Seoul, and Tokyo shows that the RF algorithm successfully captures observed seasonal variations of PM2.5 even though AOD and PM2.5 often have opposite seasonalities. Application of the RF algorithm to urban pollution episodes in Seoul and Beijing demonstrates high skill in reproducing the observed day-to-day variations in air quality as well as spatial patterns on the 6 km scale. Comparison to a CMAQ simulation for the Korean peninsula demonstrates the value of the continuous RF PM2.5 fields for testing air quality models, including over North Korea where they offer a unique resource.

scholarly journals Investigation of fine particulate pollution in a coastal city with a mobile monitoring platform

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-187 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Relation ◽  
Aerosol Size Distribution ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Particulate Pollution ◽  
Coastal City ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Monitoring Platform ◽  
Mass Concentrations

Abstract Spatial and temporal variation of fine particulate pollution in a complex small coastal city, Macau, was investigated by using a mobile air quality monitoring platform. Real-time street level measurements of aerosol size distribution were carried out three times per day by using an on-board wide-range particle spectrometer along a designed route covering the main area of the city for one week. The measured distributions were then transformed into PM2.5 mass concentrations for assessment based on an empirical relation estimated from a co-located measurement calibration process. Within this week, the averaged PM2.5 mass concentrations of the morning, afternoon, and evening sessions are 51.76 μg m-3, 28.87 μg m-3 and 30.77 μg m-3, respectively. By comparing the spatial statistics of the estimated PM2.5 concentrations with the US 24-hour primary NAAQS as a reference, a significant probability of exceedance (> 86%) was observed in 1/3 of the monitoring sessions, particularly in the morning of high traffic volume. Meanwhile, majority of the hotspots were found in the districts of the Macau peninsula. In addition, by performing analysis of the backward trajectories, daily MODIS images, and comparison of the PM2.5 patterns of the entire route of three selected measuring sessions during weekdays and weekend, it was observed that long range transport of fine particulates may affect Macau in a larger scale. Therefore, regional land source influence could shadow the local one when the ambient conditions are met.

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