The role of waves and heat exchange in the hydrodynamics of multi‐basin bays: the example of Cádiz Bay (Southern Spain)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Zarzuelo ◽  
A. López‐Ruiz ◽  
M. Ortega‐Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Cadiz Bay

scholarly journals Economic crisis and suicidal behaviour: the role of unemployment, sex and age in Andalusia, Southern Spain

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Córdoba-Doña ◽  
Miguel San Sebastián ◽  
Antonio Escolar-Pujolar ◽  
Jesús Enrique Martínez-Faure ◽  
Per E Gustafsson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Southern Spain

Role of respiratory heat exchange in production of exercise-induced asthma

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Deal ◽  
E. R. McFadden ◽  
R. H. Ingram ◽  
R. H. Strauss ◽  
J. J. Jaeger
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Thermal Load ◽  
Tracheobronchial Tree ◽  
Total Heat Flux ◽  
Random Fashion ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Respiratory Heat Exchange

We have hypothesized that it is the total heat flux in the tracheobronchial tree during exercise that determines the degree of postexertional obstruction in asthma, and have developed quanititative expressions that relate these two events. We tested this hypothesis by comparing the observed responses to exercise, while our subjects inhaled dry air at various temperatures ranging from subzero to 80 degrees C in a random fashion, to those that we predicted would occur based upon calculations of respiratory heat exchange. We further determined if heat could be transferred from the inspired air to the mucosa so as to offset evaporative losses from the airways. The observed responses fell as air temperature was increased from -11 to +37 degrees C and exactly matched theoretical predictions. Above 37 degrees C, the observed response exceeded predictions, indicating that it was not possible to provide sufficient heat per se in the air to offset the vaporization of water. However, when small amounts of water vapor were added to the inspirate at high temperatures, bronchospasm was virtually abolished and the response again closely matched theoretical expectations. We conclude that the magnitude of exercise-induced asthma is directly proportional to the thermal load placed on the airways and that this reaction is quantifiable in terms of respiratory heat exchange.

scholarly journals Studying the Role of System Aggregation in Energy Targeting: A Case Study of a Swedish Oil Refinery

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elin Svensson ◽  
Matteo Morandin ◽  
Simon Harvey ◽  
Stavros Papadokonstantakis
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Process Integration ◽  
Heat Integration ◽  
Direct Process ◽  
Utility System ◽  
Process Heat ◽  
Definition Of

The definition of appropriate energy targets for large industrial processes is a difficult task since operability, safety and plant layout aspects represent important limitations to direct process integration. The role of heat exchange limitations in the definition of appropriate energy targets for large process sites was studied in this work. A computational framework was used which allows to estimate the optimal distribution of process stream heat loads in different subsystems and to select and size a site wide utility system. A complex Swedish refinery site is used as a case study. Various system aggregations, representing different patterns of heat exchange limitations between process units and utility configurations were explored to identify trade-offs and bottlenecks for energy saving opportunities. The results show that in spite of the aforementioned limitations direct heat integration still plays a significant role for the refinery energy efficiency. For example, the targeted hot utility demand is reduced by 50–65% by allowing process-to-process heat exchange within process units even when a steam utility system is available for indirect heat recovery. Furthermore, it was found that direct process heat integration is motivated primarily at process unit level, since the heat savings that can be achieved by allowing direct heat recovery between adjacent process units (25–42%) are in the same range as those that can be obtained by combining unit process-to-process integration with site-wide indirect heat recovery via the steam system (27–42%).

scholarly journals Hospitalization Experience of Muslim Migrants in Hospitals in Southern Spain—Communication, Relationship with Nurses and Culture. A Focused Ethnography

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Jesús Plaza del Pino ◽  
Verónica C. Cala ◽  
Encarnación Soriano Ayala ◽  
Rachida Dalouh
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Immigrant Community ◽  
African Origin ◽  
Focused Ethnography ◽  
Communication Problems ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Cultural Bridge

The coast of southern Spain is one of the main entry points for Africans who want to reach Europe; in this area, there is an important immigrant community of African origin, mostly Muslims. The objective of this study is to describe and understand the hospitalization experience of Muslim migrants in public hospitals in southern Spain, especially their relationship with the nurses who care for them. Data were collected from May 2016 to June 2017. This study followed the principles associated with focused ethnography. During data collection, open interviews with 37 Muslim patients were conducted. Three themes emerged from the inductive data analysis: lack of communication with nurses, discriminatory experiences at the hospital and their experience of Islam in the hospital. We conclude that caring for Muslim patients requires specific training not only for nurses but also for other health professionals; existing communication problems must be addressed by establishing the role of the intercultural mediator as an idiomatic and cultural bridge between patients and nurses. In addition, hiring health professionals with migrant backgrounds would help convert hospitals into spaces for intercultural coexistence.

scholarly journals Are Smart-City Projects Citizen-Centered?

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Sánchez-Teba ◽  
Bermúdez-González
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
The Social ◽  
Public Manager

Smart cities have become a new urban model for thinking and designing cities in the connected society. It is time to ask ourselves what kind of city we want and need. There is still a long way to go in relation to the role of citizenship in the field of smart cities. This autoethnography reveals different contradictions found during the preparation of my doctoral thesis, which studied the citizens’ perception of smart city policies in a city in southern Spain, in my double role as a doctoral student/researcher and public manager. Many of the statements and conclusions of different scientific research contrasted with the reality that I was experiencing in my daily work. My conclusions can help in the current debate on which cities we want to build at a time when the population is concentrated in cities and where it is necessary to respond to not only the economic, but also the social and environmental problems posed by sustainability

Role of respiratory heat exchange in asthma

1984 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 608-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Deal ◽  
E. R. McFadden ◽  
R. H. Ingram ◽  
J. J. Jaeger
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Respiratory Heat Exchange

Postfire Regeneration of a Mediterranean Heathland in Southern Spain

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Ojeda ◽  
T Maranon ◽  
J Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Woody Species ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Calluna Vulgaris ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Strait Of Gibraltar ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Wild Fire ◽  
Postfire Regeneration

Fire is a recurrent disturbance in the vegetation of Mediterranean climate regions. Most of the woody species (16 out of 19) in a Mediterranean heathland community, in the Strait of Gibraltar region of southern Spain, sprouted from subterranean vegetative organs after a wild-fire. Dominant sprouters were the prostrated oak Quercus lusitanica, three gorses, Genista tridens, G. tridentata and Stauracanthus boivinii, and a heath, Erica scoparia. About 100 seedlings m-2 of 14 woody species were censused in the first three years after fire. The highest density of seedlings was recorded for heather (Calluna vulgaris), a rockrose (Cistus populifolius subsp. major) and a gorse (Genista triacanthos). Woody vegetation covered up to 85% of the soil surface in the third year after fire. At this stager the community was co-dominated by the sprouters Quercus lusitanica (21%), Genista tridentata (21%) and Stauracanthus boivinii (20%), and the seeder Cistus populifolius subsp. major (20%). A total of 52 herbaceous species, many of them (35) perennials, was recorded, showing a temporal change in species composition. The role of fire influencing community diversity and the consequences for the conservation of heathlands in the Strait of Gibraltar region, are discussed.

The role of the accommodation coefficient in contact heat exchange

1973 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 1050-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. V. Kharitonov ◽  
L. S. Kokorev ◽  
N. N. Del'vin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Accommodation Coefficient ◽  
Contact Heat ◽  
Contact Heat Exchange
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