Latitudinal Impacts of Joule Heating on the High‐Latitude Thermospheric Density Enhancement during Geomagnetic Storms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Juan Miao ◽  
Xian Lu ◽  
Ercha Aa ◽  
Ji Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Joule Heating ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
Geomagnetic Storms ◽  
Density Enhancement

Superposed Epoch Analysis of High Latitude Ionospheric Joule Heating during Major Geomagnetic Storms over three Solar Cycles

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (S340) ◽  
pp. 67-68
Author(s):  
K. J. Suji ◽  
P. R. Prince
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Joule Heating ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
Geomagnetic Storms ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Proton Density ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Superposed Epoch Analysis ◽  
Epoch Analysis

AbstractSuperposed epoch analysis (SPEA) is commonly used to determine some basic structure in a collection of geophysical time series. The present study tries to analyze ionospheric Joule heating response at high latitudes, to the prevailing solar wind and IMF conditions on the basis of SPEA. Major geomagnetic storms (CME driven) over three consecutive solar cycles (SC 22, 23 and 24) have been selected. Ascending phase, solar maximum, and declining phase are investigated separately, for each solar cycle, to find out crucial controlling parameters for the generation of high-latitude ionospheric Joule heating. SPEA results show that, IMF parameters such as IMF By, IMF Bz, IMF clock angle and solar wind parameters such as dynamic pressure and proton density influence Joule heating production rate significantly. Meanwhile, the relentlessness of the other parameters such as IMFBt and solar wind bulk speed show that they have poor impact on Joule heating.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGARUH PENETRASI MEDAN LISTRIK LINTANG TINGGI KE LINTANG RENDAH TERHADAP IONOSFER SAAT BADAI GEOMAGNET (ANALYSIS OF THE ELECTRIC FIELD PENETRATION EFFECT FROM HIGH TO LOW LATITUDES ON THE IONOSPHERE DURING GEOMAGNETIC STORM)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Anwar Santoso ◽  
Dadang Nurmali ◽  
Mira Juangsih ◽  
Iyus Edi Rusnadi ◽  
Sri Ekawati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Geomagnetic Storms ◽  
Equatorial Electrojet ◽  
Minimum Point ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Dst Index ◽  
Low Latitudes

The influence of geomagnetic storms on the ionosphere in the equatorial and low latitudes can be either rising or falling value of the value foF2 with the different response delay time. The difference in response is one of them allegedly influenced by the modification of Equatorial Electrojet (EEJ) generated by the penetration of high latitude electric field towards the low latitude electric field and the equator. Therefore, this paper analyzes the influence of the high latitude penetration of electric current to the low latitude electric current towards the ionosphere response to Indonesia's current geomagnetic storms using the data foF2 BPAA Sumedang (SMD; 6,910 S; 106,830E geographic coordinates or 16,550 S; 179,950 E magnetic coordinates) and data from the Biak geomagnetic field station (BIK; 1,080 S; 136,050 E geographic coordinates or  9,730 S; 207,390 E magnetic coordinates) in 2000-2001. The result showed that the injection of the electric field of the high latitudes to lower latitudes causing foF2 BPAA Sumedang to be disturbed. Onset of the foF2 disturbance in BPAA Sumedang started coincide with EEJ(HBIK-HDRW) and reached its minimum point with a time delay between 0 to 4 hours before and after Dst index reached the minimum point. For a delay time of 0 to 4 hours after the Dst index reached the minimum point, the results were in accordance with the research results from the prior research. However, for the time difference of between 0 to 4 hours before the Dst index reached the minimum point, the results differ from their results. AbstrakPengaruh badai geomagnet terhadap ionosfer di ekuator dan lintang rendah berupa naiknya nilai foF2 atau turunnya nilai foF2 dengan waktu tunda respon berbeda-beda. Perbedaan respon tersebut salah satunya diduga dipengaruhi oleh modifikasi Equatorial electrojet (EEJ) yang dihasilkan oleh penetrasi medan listrik lintang tinggi sampai daerah lintang rendah dan ekuator. Oleh karena itu, dalam makalah ini dilakukan analisis pengaruh penetrasi arus listrik lintang tinggi ke lintang rendah terhadap ionosfer saat badai geomagnet menggunakan data foF2 dari Balai Pengamatan Antariksa dan Atmosfer (BPAA) Sumedang (SMD; 6,910 LS; 106,830 BT koordinat geografis atau 16,550 LS; 179,950 BT koordinat magnet) dan data medan geomagnet dari stasiun Biak (BIK; 1,080 LS; 136,050 BT koordinat geografis atau 9,730 LS; 207,390 BT koordinat magnet) tahun 2000-2001. Hasilnya diperoleh bahwa penetrasi medan listrik dari lintang tinggi ke lintang lebih rendah Indonesia menyebabkan foF2 BPAA Sumedang terganggu. Onset gangguan foF2 BPAA Sumedang mulai terjadi bertepatan dengan EEJ(HBIK-HDRW) mencapai titik minimumnya dengan jeda waktu antara 0 sampai 4 jam sebelum dan sesudah indeks Dst mencapai minimum. Untuk beda waktu 0 sampai 4 jam sesudah indeks Dst mencapai minimum, hasilnya bersesuaian dengan hasil penelitian peneliti sebelumnya. Namun, untuk beda waktu 0 sampai 4 jam sebelum indeks Dst mencapai minimum, hasilnya merupakan temuan berbeda dari hasil mereka.

A UNIFYING THEORY OF HIGH-LATITUDE GEOPHYSICAL PHENOMENA AND GEOMAGNETIC STORMS

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1433-1464 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. I. Axford ◽  
C. O. Hines
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Steady State ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
Geomagnetic Storms ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
Earth’S Magnetosphere ◽  
Trapped Particles ◽  
Outer Portion ◽  
Earth's Magnetosphere

This paper is concerned with the occurrence at high latitudes of a large number of geophysical phenomena, including geomagnetic agitation and bay disturbances, aurorae, and various irregular distributions of ionospheric electrons. It shows that these may all be related in a simple way to a single causal agency, namely, a certain convection system in the outer portion of the earth's magnetosphere. The source of this convection is taken to be a viscous-like interaction between the magnetosphere and an assumed solar wind, though other sources of an equivalent nature may also be available. The model is capable of accounting for many aspects of the phenomena concerned, including the morphology of auroral forms and the occurrence of 'spiral' patterns in the loci of maximum intensities of several features. It also bears directly on the steady state of the magnetosphere, and in particular on the production of trapped particles in the outer Van Allen belt. In short, it provides a new basis on which a full understanding of these several phenomena may in time be built.

Recurrent high-speed solar wind co-rotating interaction region imprint on the ionosphere and atmosphere: GPS TEC variations and atmospheric gravity waves

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Weygand ◽  
Paul Prikryl ◽  
Reza Ghoddousi-Fard ◽  
Lidia Nikitina ◽  
Bharat S. R. Kunduri
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Gravity Waves ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Geomagnetic Storms ◽  
Coronal Holes ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Ionospheric Currents ◽  
Atmospheric Gravity Waves ◽  
Atmospheric Gravity

<p>High-speed streams (HSS) from coronal holes dominate solar wind structure in the absence of coronal mass ejections during solar minimum and the descending branch of solar cycle. Prominent and long-lasting coronal holes produce intense co-rotating interaction regions (CIR) on the leading edge of high-speed plasma streams that cause recurrent ionospheric disturbances and geomagnetic storms. Through solar wind coupling to the magnetosphere-ionosphere-atmosphere (MIA) system they affect the ionosphere and neutral atmosphere at high latitudes, and, at mid to low latitudes, by the transmission of the electric fields [1] and propagation of atmospheric gravity waves from the high-latitude lower thermosphere [2].</p><p>The high-latitude ionospheric structure, caused by precipitation of energetic particles, strong ionospheric currents and convection, results in changes of the GPS total electron content (TEC) and rapid variations of GPS signal amplitude and phase, called scintillation [3]. The GPS phase scintillation is observed in the ionospheric cusp, polar cap and auroral zone, and is particularly intense during geomagnetic storms, substorms and auroral breakups. Phase scintillation index is computed for a sampling rate of 50 Hz by specialized GPS scintillation receivers from the Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Network (CHAIN). A proxy index of phase variation is obtained from dual frequency measurements of geodetic-quality GPS receivers sampling at 1 Hz, which include globally distributed receivers of the RT-IGS network that are monitored by the Canadian Geodetic Survey in near-real-time [4]. Temporal and spatial changes of TEC and phase variations following the arrivals of HSS/CIRs [5] are investigated in the context of ionospheric convection and equivalent ionospheric currents derived from  a ground magnetometer network using the spherical elementary current system method [6,7].</p><p>The Joule heating and Lorentz forcing in the high-latitude lower thermosphere have long been recognized as sources of internal atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) [2] that propagate both upward and downward, thus providing vertical coupling between atmospheric layers. In the ionosphere, they are observed as traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) using various techniques, e.g., de-trended GPS TEC maps [8].</p><p>In this paper we examine the influence on the Earth’s ionosphere and atmosphere of a long-lasting HSS/CIRs from recurrent coronal holes at the end of solar cycles 23 and 24. The solar wind MIA coupling, as represented by the coupling function [9], was strongly increased during the arrivals of these HSS/CIRs.</p><p> </p><p>[1] Kikuchi, T. and K. K. Hashimoto, Geosci. Lett. , 3:4, 2016.</p><p>[2] Hocke, K. and K. Schlegel, Ann. Geophys., 14, 917–940, 1996.</p><p>[3] Prikryl, P., et al., J. Geophys. Res. Space Physics, 121, 10448–10465, 2016.</p><p>[4] Ghoddousi-Fard et al., Advances in Space Research, 52(8), 1397-1405, 2013.</p><p>[5] Prikryl et al. Earth, Planets and Space, 66:62, 2014.</p><p>[6] Amm O., and A. Viljanen, Earth Planets Space, 51, 431–440, 1999.</p><p>[7] Weygand J.M., et al., J. Geophys. Res., 116, A03305, 2011.</p><p>[8] Tsugawa T., et al., Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L22101, 2007.</p><p>[9] Newell P. T., et al., J. Geophys. Res., 112, A01206, 2007.</p>

Energetics of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere system during Main Phase of Intense Geomagnetic Storms over three Solar Cycles

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (S340) ◽  
pp. 69-70
Author(s):  
K. J. Suji ◽  
P. R. Prince
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Joule Heating ◽  
Geomagnetic Storms ◽  
Main Phase ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Dynamo Action ◽  
Solar Wind Energy

AbstractSolar wind kinetic energy gets transferred into the Earth’s magnetosphere as a result of dynamo action between magnetosphere and solar wind. Energy is then dissipated among various dissipation channels in the MI system. In the present study, energetics of 59 intense geomagnetic storms are analyzed for the period between 1986 and 2015, which covers the three consecutive solar cycles SC 22, 23 and 24. The average solar wind energy impinging the MI system is estimated using Epsilon parameter, the coupling function. Moreover, the relative importance of different energy sinks in the MI system are quantified and is found that more than 60% of solar wind energy is dissipated in the form of ionospheric Joule heating.

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