scholarly journals Vegetation Type and Decomposition Priming Mediate Brackish Marsh Carbon Accumulation Under Interacting Facets of Global Change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Rietl ◽  
J. Patrick Megonigal ◽  
Ellen R. Herbert ◽  
Matthew L. Kirwan
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Brackish Marsh ◽  
Carbon Accumulation

Vegetation type and plant diversity affected soil carbon accumulation in a postmining area in Shanxi Province, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meifang Yan ◽  
Feifei Cui ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Zeyu Zhang ◽  
Jianbiao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Soil Carbon Accumulation

scholarly journals Synergy between roads and disturbance favour Bromus tectorum L. invasion

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina L. Speziale ◽  
Agustina di Virgilio ◽  
Maria N. Lescano ◽  
Gabriela Pirk ◽  
Jorgelina Franzese
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Bromus Tectorum ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Wet Meadows ◽  
Road Verges ◽  
North Western

Background Global change produces pervasive negative impacts on biodiversity worldwide. Land use change and biological invasions are two of the major drivers of global change that often coexist; however, the effects of their interaction on natural habitats have been little investigated. In particular, we aimed to analyse whether the invasion of an introduced grass (Bromus tectorum; cheatgrass) along roads verges and the disturbance level in the natural surrounding habitat interact to influence the degree of B. tectorum invasion in the latter habitats in north-western Patagonia. Methods Along six different roads, totalling approximately 370 km, we set two 50 m × 2 m sampling plots every 5 km (73 plots in total). One plot was placed parallel to the road (on the roadside) and the other one perpendicular to it, towards the interior of the natural surrounding habitat. In each plot, we estimated the B. tectorum plant density in 1 m2 subplots placed every 5 m. In the natural habitat, we registered the vegetation type (grassy steppe, shrub-steppe, shrubland, and wet-meadow) and the disturbance level (low, intermediate, and high). Disturbance level was visually categorized according to different signs of habitat degradation by anthropogenic use. Results B. tectorum density showed an exponential decay from roadsides towards the interior of natural habitats. The degree of B. tectorum invasion inside natural habitats was positively related to B. tectorum density on roadsides only when the disturbance level was low. Shrub-steppes, grassy steppes and shrublands showed similar mean density of B. tectorum. Wet-meadows had the lowest densities of B. tectorum. Intermediate and highly disturbed environments presented higher B. tectorum density than those areas with low disturbance. Discussion Our study highlights the importance of the interaction between road verges and disturbance levels on B. tectorum invasion in natural habitats surrounding roads of north-western Patagonia, particularly evidencing its significance in the invasion onset. The importance of invasion in road verges depends on disturbance level, with better conserved environments being more resistant to invasion at low levels of B. tectorum density along road verges, but more susceptible to road verges invasion at higher levels of disturbance. All the habitats except wet-meadows were invaded at a similar degree by B. tectorum, which reflects its adaptability to multiple habitat conditions. Overall, our work showed that synergies among global change drivers impact native environments favouring the invasion of B. tectorum.

Global-change controls on soil-carbon accumulation and loss in coastal vegetated ecosystems

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 685-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda C. Spivak ◽  
Jonathan Sanderman ◽  
Jennifer L. Bowen ◽  
Elizabeth A. Canuel ◽  
Charles S. Hopkinson
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Soil Carbon Accumulation

Functional Changes and Threats to Hyperseasonal Neotropical Savannas After Australian Acacia Invasion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Augusto Alves Meira-Neto ◽  
Pedro Manuel Villa ◽  
Nathália Silva ◽  
Maria Carolina Nunes Alves da Silva ◽  
Glaucia Tolentino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
C4 Plants ◽  
C3 Plants ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Cam Plants ◽  
Functional Changes

Abstract The hyperseasonal savanna experiences regular flooding and drought stresses and is a neotropical vegetation type threatened by global change including Acacia spp. invasion. To deepen the understanding of hyperseasonal savannas after Acacia invasion in a climate change scenario, we aimed to answer if: i) the plants of the studied hyperseasonal savanna are separated into C3, C4 or CAM species; ii) Acacia invasion can change the hyperseasonal savanna functioning for C3, C4 and CAM plants; iii) how invasive Acacia uptake water compared to native species in this hyperseasonal savanna. We detected both C3 and C4 metabolic groups of plants but two C3 species are possibly CAM facultative. The functioning of C3 plants as a group was not affected by the Acacia invasion, but this result does not exclude a species turnover between C3 herbs and C3 trees. The C4 plants of invaded Mussununga lost their response of increasing water use efficiency to the increasing Leaf N%. Plants of hyperseasonal savannas depend on the same water source as the soil water from recent rains. There are differences in d18O among species because some grow mostly during the rainy season with the 18O-enriched water meanwhile the invader Acacia mangium grows throughout the year whenever it rains. According to our results, the threat to C4 plants is high and they can be excluded from Mussunungas and from hyperseasonal savannas. However, hyperseasonal savannas are threatened as a vegetation. Therefore, hyperseasonal savannas should be considered critically endangered because of global change, especially bacause Acacia invasions. Initiatives for conservation of hyperseasonal savannas could save these remarkable ecosystems.

Effect of Disturbance on Carbon Cycling in Wetland Ecosystem

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3186-3191
Author(s):  
Ying Nan Liu ◽  
Hong Wei Ni ◽  
Zhao Wen Zeng ◽  
Chun Rong Chai
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Carbon Cycling ◽  
Human Disturbance ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Wetland Ecosystem ◽  
Carbon Cycle Model ◽  
Ghg Reduction ◽  
Global Carbon ◽  
Lasting Influence

Wetland is a special terraqueous ecosystem. Wetland ecosystem is an important carbon pool in the world and the carbon stored in which accounts for 15% of the total terrestrial carbon storage. Carbon cycling in wetlands largely affected global carbon cycling and also possibly global climatic change. Carbon cycle model of wetland has been changed by human disturbance is increased which exert a profound and lasting influence upon global change. Some researches show that wetland restoration and reconstruction are helpful to carbon accumulation and GHG reduction. So, through analyze the effect of human disturbance on carbon cycling in wetland, a necessary scientific basis is provided for the study of the effect of wetland on global change.

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