Diametrically Opposite Scaling of Extreme Precipitation and Streamflow to Temperature in South and Central Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarosh Alam Ghausi ◽  
Subimal Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Extreme Precipitation

scholarly journals Correction to: Greater probability of extreme precipitation under 1.5 °C and 2 °C warming limits over East-Central Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 621-621
Author(s):  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Haipeng Yu ◽  
Andrew D. King ◽  
Yun Wei ◽  
Jianping Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
East Central

scholarly journals Greater probability of extreme precipitation under 1.5 °C and 2 °C warming limits over East-Central Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 603-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Zhang ◽  
Haipeng Yu ◽  
Andrew D. King ◽  
Yun Wei ◽  
Jianping Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
East Central

scholarly journals Moisture Transport and Sources of the Extreme Precipitation Over Northern and Southern Xinjiang in the Summer Half-Year During 1979–2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Hu ◽  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Anning Huang ◽  
Pan Ma ◽  
Jing Ming
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Arabian Sea ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Northern Xinjiang ◽  
Moisture Source ◽  
Summer Half ◽  
Southern Xinjiang

Based on the output data from the Lagrangian flexible particle dispersion model (FLEXPART), we analyze the pathways of moisture to identify the moisture source areas for extreme precipitation in the summer half-year (April–September) over northern and southern Xinjiang, respectively. For both northern and southern Xinjiang, the local evaporation plays a decisive role for extreme precipitation in the summer half-year, of which contribution ratio accounts for 24.5% to northern Xinjiang and 30.2% to southern Xinjiang of all identified source areas. In addition, central Asia and northwestern Asia are the major moisture source areas as well and contribute similarly to extreme precipitation relative to local evaporation. For northern Xinjiang, central Asia surpasses northwestern Asia, and each of them contributes 24.1 and 18.8%, whereas northwestern Asia is somewhat more crucial than central Asia for southern Xinjiang, accounting 22.1 and 19.1%, respectively. Note that the three top-ranked moisture source areas make up a large proportion of total sources. Regarding the remaining source areas that also provide moisture, the contributions are entirely different for southern and northern Xinjiang. Originating from the North Atlantic Ocean, Europe, and the Mediterranean Sea, some water vapor enters northern Xinjiang and converge to precipitate, while this process is barely detectable for extreme precipitation over southern Xinjiang, which is affected by the westerly flow. On the contrary, the Arabian Sea, the Arabian Peninsula, and the Indian Peninsula contribute, even though slightly, to extreme precipitation over southern Xinjiang, which indicates that the meridional transport pathways from the Arabian Sea can carry moisture to this inland region.

scholarly journals Application of Multiple Detection Data in the Analysis of Snowstorm Processes in Xinjiang during the Central Asia Extreme Precipitation Observation Test (CAEPOT)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Yong Zeng ◽  
Lianmei Yang ◽  
Zepeng Tong ◽  
Zuyi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Wind Field ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Northwestern China ◽  
Horizontal Wind ◽  
Arid Areas ◽  
Cloud Radar ◽  
Physical Quantities

At present, there is insufficient research on the refinement of the vertical structure of winter snowstorm systems in arid areas, and, compared with the central and eastern China, the observation sites in arid areas of northwestern China are scarce. To deepen the understanding of dynamics and microphysical processes and improve the level of forecasting and warning of snowstorms in northwestern China, the Institute of Desert Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Urumqi, carried out the Central Asia Extreme Precipitation Observation Test (CAEPOT) in Yili, Xinjiang, a typical arid region in China in February 2020. This paper uses multiple fine detection datasets obtained from the CAEPOT, including radar wind profiler, ground-based microwave radiometer, and millimeter-wave cloud radar to analyze macroscopic characteristics and microphysical changes of snowstorm system in Xinjiang. Studies have shown that the low trough with sufficient moisture, heat, power conditions, and weakening banded cloud system, which moved eastward from the Aral Sea to the west of Xinjiang during the snowstorm, were the key influencing system of this snowstorm. Before the snowstorm, the vertical shear of the horizontal wind field was severe, which aggravated the instability of the atmosphere, and there was upward motion in the lower atmosphere. A variety of physical quantities related to moisture showed a tendency to increase at the lower level and could be used as an early warning signal for snowstorm about 8 hours in advance, and the cloud and snow particles observed by millimeter-wave cloud radar were simultaneously developing upward and downward from 4 km, providing snowstorm warning 12 hours in advance. During the snowstorm, the horizontal wind speed and vertical speed were obviously enhanced, and the physical quantities related to moisture further increased, and, with the blocking and uplifting of the Tianshan Mountains, the snowstorm increased. The particles collided and grew while falling, resulting in a decrease in particle concentration and an increase in particle radius from high altitude to the ground, eventually resulting in near-ground reflectivity factor up to 30 dBz. In addition, reflectivity factor, physical quantities related to moisture, wind field, particle concentration, and particle radius all had a good correspondence with the beginning, end, and intensity of snowstorm, so when the physical quantities mentioned above weakened and stopped, snowstorm also weakened and stopped. In a word, this research is an important and meaningful work that provides more backgrounds and references for the forecast and warning of snowstorm in northwestern China.

scholarly journals How do multi-scale interactions affect extreme precipitation in eastern central Asia?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-50
Author(s):  
Qianrong Ma ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Yujun Ma ◽  
Asaminew Teshome Game ◽  
Zhiheng Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Wave Train ◽  
Stationary Wave ◽  
Tianshan Mountain ◽  
Stationary Waves ◽  
Transient Wave ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Eastern Central Asia

AbstractThe variability of extreme precipitation in eastern Central Asia (ECA) during summer (June–August) and its corresponding mechanisms were investigated from a multi-scale synergy perspective. Extreme precipitation in ECA displayed a quasi-monopole increasing pattern with abrupt change since 2000/2001, which was likely dominated by increased high latitude North Atlantic SST anomalies as shown by diagnosed and numerical experiment results. Increased SST via adjusting the quasi-stationary wave train which related to the negative North Atlantic Oscillation and the East Atlantic/Western Russia pattern guided cyclonic anomaly in CA, deepened the Balkhash Lake trough and enhanced the moisture convergence in ECA. These anomalies also exhibited interdecadal enhancement after 2000. On the synoptic-scale, two synoptic transient wave trains correlated with extreme precipitation in ECA by amplifying the amplitude of the quasi-stationary waves and guiding transient eddies in ECA. The induced transient eddies and deepened Balkhash Lake trough strengthened positive meridional vorticity advection and local positive vorticity, which promoted ascending motions, and guided the southerly warm moisture in ECA especially after 2000. Meanwhile, additional meso-scale vortices were stimulated and strengthened near the Tianshan Mountain in front of the wave trough, which, together with the enhanced meridional circulation, further increased extreme precipitation in ECA.

Intensification of extreme precipitation in arid Central Asia

2020 ◽  
pp. 125760
Author(s):  
Junqiang Yao ◽  
Yaning Chen ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Dilinuer Tuoliewubieke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Arid Central Asia

Fidelity of the APHRODITE Dataset in Representing Extreme Precipitation over Central Asia

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1405-1416
Author(s):  
Sheng Lai ◽  
Zuowei Xie ◽  
Cholaw Bueh ◽  
Yuanfa Gong
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Extreme Precipitation

scholarly journals Relationship Between Summer Extreme Precipitation Anomaly in Central Asia and Surface Sensible Heat Variation on the Central-Eastern Tibetan Plateau

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
hui wang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Lian Chen ◽  
Dongliang Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Summer Drought ◽  
Sensible Heat ◽  
Eastern Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Central Eastern ◽  
Anomalous Water

Abstract In the context of global warming, the frequency and intensity of extreme weather and climate events have increased, especially in Central Asia (CA). In this study, we investigate the characteristics of Summer Extreme Precipitation (SEP) in CA and its relationship with the Surface Sensible Heat (SSH) variation over the Central-Eastern Tibetan Plateau (CETP). Our results suggest that the distribution of SEP in CA is extremely uneven, and the SEP threshold ranges from 2 to 32 mm, 80% of them are concentrated in the range of 4–10mm. Both the total amount of SEP and the number of SEP days show significant increasing trends, with the climatic tendencies of 4.4 mm/decade and 0.4 day/decade, respectively. The SSH anomalies over the CETP can affect the SEP and the summer drought in CA by regulating the strength of the SAH and the subtropical jet over CA. The strong SSH anomalies over the CETP in late spring (April-May) can lead to the anomalously strong SAH in summer, anomalously weak subtropical westerly jet over CA and anomalously strong subtropical high over north Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. In addition, the Ural ridge strengthens, the CA trough weakens, and the northern CA is controlled by an abnormal warm high-pressure ridge with less anomalous water vapor convergence. Therefore, the SEP in northern CA will be abnormally less and the summer drought intensifies. Whereas, when the SSH over the CETP is anomalously weak in late spring, the key circulation characteristics are quite the opposite, at the same time, the anomalous water vapor from the Arctic, North Atlantic and western Pacific converges in northern CA and northern Xinjiang, China, which are conducive to the generation of widespread extreme precipitation and alleviates the summer drought in these regions.

scholarly journals Spatial and Temporal Variations of Extreme Precipitation in Central Asia during 1982–2020

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Yalin Tian ◽  
Zhongwei Yan ◽  
Zhen Li
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Circulation Pattern ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Precipitation Extremes ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variations ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
The Caspian Sea

As one of the largest arid and semi-arid regions in the world, central Asia (CA) is very sensitive to changes in regional climate. However, because of the poor continuity of daily observational precipitation records in CA, the spatial and temporal variations of extreme precipitation in recent decades remain unclear. Considering their good spatial and temporal continuity, gridded data, such as Climate Prediction Center (CPC) global precipitation, and reanalysis data, such as ERA-Interim (ERA), are helpful for exploring the spatial–temporal variations of extreme precipitation. This study evaluates how well CPC and ERA can represent observed precipitation extremes by comparing the differences in eight extreme precipitation indices and observation data at 84 meteorological stations. The results indicate that the CPC (except for 1979–1981) is more suitable for depicting changes in precipitation extremes. Based on the CPC data for the period 1982–2020, we found that seven indices of precipitation extremes, including consecutive wet days (CWD), max1-day precipitation amount (Rx1day), max5-day precipitation amount (Rx5day), number of heavy precipitation days (R10), very wet days (R95p), annual total precipitation in wet days (PRCPTOT), and simple precipitation intensity index (SDII) have increased by 0.2 d/10a, 0.9 mm/10a, 1.8 mm/10a, 0.3 d/10, 8.4 mm/10a, 14.3 mm/10a and 0.1 mm/d/10a, respectively, and the consecutive dry days (CDDs) have decreased by −3.10 d/10a. It is notable that CDDs decreased significantly in the north of Xinjiang (XJ) but increased in Kyrgyzstan (KG), Tajikistan (TI), and eastern Turkmenistan (TX). The other indices increased clearly in the west of XJ, north of Kazakhstan (KZ), and east of KG but decreased in the south of KG, TI, and parts of XJ. For most indices, the largest change occurred in spring, the main season of precipitation in CA. Therefore, the large-scale atmospheric circulation in April is analyzed to contrast between the most and least precipitation years for the region. A typical circulation pattern in April for those extremely wet years includes an abnormal low-pressure center at 850 hpa to the east of the Caspian Sea, which enhances the southerly winds from the Indian Ocean and hence the transportation of water vapor required for precipitation into CA. This abnormal circulation pattern occurred more frequently after 2001 than before, thus partly explaining the recent increasing trends of precipitation extremes in CA.

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