scholarly journals Nanoscale textural and chemical evolution of silica fault mirrors in the Wasatch fault damage zone, Utah, USA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.M. Houser ◽  
A.K. Ault ◽  
D.L. Newell ◽  
J.P. Evans ◽  
F‐A. Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Evolution ◽  
Damage Zone ◽  
Fault Damage Zone ◽  
Wasatch Fault

Linking hematite (U-Th)/He dating with the microtextural record of seismicity in the Wasatch fault damage zone, Utah, USA

Geology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 771-774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexis K. Ault ◽  
Peter W. Reiners ◽  
James P. Evans ◽  
Stuart N. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Damage Zone ◽  
Fault Damage Zone ◽  
Wasatch Fault

Integrated estimates of the thickness of the fault damage zone in granitic terrain based on penetrative mesocracks and XRD analyses of quartz

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 64-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideo Takagi ◽  
Kazuhiro Takahashi ◽  
Koji Shimada ◽  
Kosuke Tsutsui ◽  
Reiko Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Damage Zone ◽  
Granitic Terrain ◽  
Fault Damage Zone

scholarly journals QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF DEFORMATION ALONG THE FAULT DAMAGE ZONE OF THE KLIMATIA THRUST (NW GREECE, IONIAN ZONE)

2001 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1643
Author(s):  
A. Kostakioti ◽  
P. Xypolias ◽  
S. Kokkalas ◽  
T. Doutsos
Keyword(s):  
Hanging Wall ◽  
Damage Zone ◽  
Deformation Pattern ◽  
Fracture System ◽  
Fracture Density ◽  
Fracture Orientation ◽  
Transport Direction ◽  
Structural Fracture ◽  
Fault Damage Zone ◽  
Northwestern Greece

In this study, we present structural, fracture orientation and fracture density (FD) data in order toquantify the deformation pattern of a damage zone that form around the slip plane of a large scalethrust fault which is located on the Ionian zone (External Hellenides) in northwestern Greece. Structuralanalysis showed at least two major deformation stages as indicated by the presence of refolding,backthrusting and break-back faulting. The fracture orientation analysis revealed three mainfracture systems, a dominant conjugate fracture system which is perpendicular to the transport direction(NW-to NNW trending sets), a conjugate fracture system trending parallel to the transport direction(ENE-trending conjugate sets) and a third diagonal conjugate fracture system (WNW andNNE trending sets). Resulting fracture density-distance diagrams display a decrease of total fracturedensity away from the studied fault, which is largely heterogeneous and irregular on both footwalland hanging wall. The conjugate fracture system trending perpendicular to the transport directionhas the dominant contribution to the accumulation of total fracture density. Based on theseresults we suggest that the observed heterogeneous and irregular distribution of fracture densityfashioned during the second deformation stage and is attributed to the formation of backthrusts andbreak-back thrust faults.

Shallow Damage Zone Structure of the Wasatch Fault in Salt Lake City from Ambient-Noise Double Beamforming with a Temporary Linear Array

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Gkogkas ◽  
Fan-Chi Lin ◽  
Amir A. Allam ◽  
Yadong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Noise ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Salt Lake ◽  
Weighted Least Squares ◽  
Damage Zone ◽  
Salt Lake City ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Lake City ◽  
Wasatch Fault

Abstract We image the shallow structure across the East Bench segment of the Wasatch fault system in Salt Lake City using ambient noise recorded by a month-long temporary linear seismic array of 32 stations. We first extract Rayleigh-wave signals between 0.4 and 1.1 s period using noise cross correlation. We then apply double beamforming to enhance coherent cross-correlation signals and at the same time measure frequency-dependent phase velocities across the array. For each location, based on available dispersion measurements, we perform an uncertainty-weighted least-squares inversion to obtain a 1D VS model from the surface to 400 m depth. We put all piece-wise continuous 1D models together to construct the final 2D VS model. The model reveals high velocities to the east of the Pleistocene Lake Bonneville shoreline reflecting thinner sediments and low velocities particularly in the top 200 m to the west corresponding to the Salt Lake basin sediments. In addition, there is an ∼400-m-wide low-velocity zone that narrows with depth adjacent to the surface trace of the East Bench fault, which we interpret as a fault-related damage zone. The damage zone is asymmetric, wider on the hanging wall (western) side and with greater velocity reduction. These results provide important constraints on normal-fault earthquake mechanics, Wasatch fault earthquake behavior, and urban seismic hazard in Salt Lake City.

Controls on fault damage zone width, structure, and symmetry in the Bandelier Tuff, New Mexico

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 766-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Riley ◽  
Laurel B. Goodwin ◽  
Claudia J. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Damage Zone ◽  
Zone Width ◽  
Bandelier Tuff ◽  
Fault Damage Zone

scholarly journals Signature of transition to supershear rupture speed in the coseismic off-fault damage zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 477 (2255) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Jara ◽  
Lucile Bruhat ◽  
Marion Y. Thomas ◽  
Solène L. Antoine ◽  
Kurama Okubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Fracture Mechanics ◽  
Shear Wave Velocity ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Damage Zone ◽  
Precise Location ◽  
Earthquake Ruptures ◽  
Fault Damage Zone ◽  
Rupture Speed

Most earthquake ruptures propagate at speeds below the shear wave velocity within the crust, but in some rare cases, ruptures reach supershear speeds. The physics underlying the transition of natural subshear earthquakes to supershear ones is currently not fully understood. Most observational studies of supershear earthquakes have focused on determining which fault segments sustain fully grown supershear ruptures. Experimentally cross-validated numerical models have identified some of the key ingredients required to trigger a transition to supershear speed. However, the conditions for such a transition in nature are still unclear, including the precise location of this transition. In this work, we provide theoretical and numerical insights to identify the precise location of such a transition in nature. We use fracture mechanics arguments with multiple numerical models to identify the signature of supershear transition in coseismic off-fault damage. We then cross-validate this signature with high-resolution observations of fault zone width and early aftershock distributions. We confirm that the location of the transition from subshear to supershear speed is characterized by a decrease in the width of the coseismic off-fault damage zone. We thus help refine the precise location of such a transition for natural supershear earthquakes.

Permeability modeling of a basin-bounding fault damage zone in the Rio do Peixe Basin, Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 105409
Author(s):  
M.E. Silva ◽  
F.C.C. Nogueira ◽  
Y.A.R. Pérez ◽  
D.L. Vasconcelos ◽  
R.C. Stohler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Damage Zone ◽  
Permeability Modeling ◽  
Fault Damage Zone
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