Energetic Electrons Below the Inner Radiation Belt

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (7) ◽  
pp. 5421-5440 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Selesnick ◽  
Yi‐Jiun Su ◽  
J.‐A. Sauvaud
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Energetic Electrons

Effect of chorus normal angle on dynamic evolution of radiation belt energetic electrons

2014 ◽  
Vol 354 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewei Zhang ◽  
Yihua He ◽  
Si Liu ◽  
Chang Yang ◽  
Qinghua Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Dynamic Evolution ◽  
Energetic Electrons ◽  
Normal Angle

Statistical studies of energetic electrons in the outer radiation belt

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.D. Johnstone ◽  
D.J. Rodgers ◽  
G.H. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Outer Radiation Belt ◽  
Energetic Electrons ◽  
Statistical Studies

scholarly journals On the radiation belt location during the 23rd and 24th solar cycles

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 719-732
Author(s):  
Alexei V. Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Geomagnetic Jerk ◽  
Outer Radiation Belt ◽  
Energetic Electrons ◽  
Eastern Hemisphere

Abstract. Within the last two solar cycles (from 2001 to 2018), the location of the outer radiation belt (ORB) was determined using NOAA/Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) observations of energetic electrons with energies above 30 keV. It was found that the ORB was shifted a little (∼1∘) in the European and North American sectors, while in the Siberian sector the ORB was displaced equatorward by more than 3∘. The displacements corresponded qualitatively to the change in the geomagnetic field predicted by the IGRF-12 model. However, in the Siberian sector, the model has a tendency to underestimate the equatorward shift of the ORB. The shift became prominent after 2012, which might have been related to a geomagnetic “jerk” that occurred in 2012–2013. The displacement of the ORB to lower latitudes in the Siberian sector can contribute to an increase in the occurrence rate of midlatitude auroras observed in the Eastern Hemisphere.

scholarly journals Modeling inward diffusion and slow decay of energetic electrons in the Earth's outer radiation belt

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 987-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Ma ◽  
W. Li ◽  
R. M. Thorne ◽  
B. Ni ◽  
C. A. Kletzing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Outer Radiation Belt ◽  
Energetic Electrons ◽  
Slow Decay

scholarly journals Atmospheric scattering of energetic electrons from near-Earth space

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassilis Angelopoulos ◽  
Ethan Tsai ◽  
Colin Wilkins ◽  
Xiaojia Zhang ◽  
Anton Artemyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Radiation Belt ◽  
Upper Atmosphere ◽  
Relativistic Electrons ◽  
Secondary Electrons ◽  
Energetic Electrons ◽  
Earth Space ◽  
Atmospheric Scattering ◽  
Near Earth Space ◽  
Global Atmospheric Circulation

Abstract In near-Earth space, the magnetosphere, energetic electrons (tens to thousands of kiloelectron volts) orbit around Earth, forming the radiation belts. When scattered by magnetospheric processes, these electrons precipitate to the upper atmosphere, where they deplete ozone, a radiatively active gas, modifying global atmospheric circulation. Relativistic electrons (those above a few hundred kiloelectron volts), can reach the lowest altitudes and have the strongest effects on the upper atmosphere; their loss from the magnetosphere is also important for space weather. Previous models have only considered magnetospheric scattering and precipitation of energetic electrons; atmospheric scattering of such electrons has not been adequately considered, principally due to lack of observations. Here we report the first observations of this process. We find that atmospherically-scattered energetic (relativistic) electrons form a low-intensity, persistent “drizzle”, whose integrated energy flux is comparable to (greater than) that of the more intense but ephemeral precipitation by magnetospheric scattering. Thus, atmospheric scattering of energetic electrons is important for global atmospheric circulation, radiation belt flux evolution, and the repopulation of the magnetosphere with lower-energy, secondary electrons.

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