scholarly journals A Sea Surface Height Perspective on El Niño Diversity, Ocean Energetics, and Energy Damping Rates

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Shi ◽  
Alexey V. Fedorov ◽  
Shineng Hu
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Sea Surface Height ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Ocean Energetics

Asymmetric evolution of El Niño and La Niña: the recharge/discharge processes and role of the off-equatorial sea surface height anomaly

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 2737-2748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeng-Zhen Hu ◽  
Arun Kumar ◽  
Bohua Huang ◽  
Jieshun Zhu ◽  
Rong-Hua Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Sea Surface Height ◽  
La Niña ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Height Anomaly ◽  
La Nina ◽  
Sea Surface Height Anomaly

scholarly journals Forecasting tropical ENSO-induced drought conditions using sea surface height in the Western Pacific

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Primo David ◽  
Manuel Justin Custado ◽  
Natasha Sekhon ◽  
Daniel Ibarra
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Sea Surface Height ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
The Western Pacific

Abstract The interannual variability of rainfall caused by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) results in significant changes in hydrologic conditions that affect entire countries’ water supply. Forecasting ENSO and its impacts are mainly based on Central Pacific Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies which satisfactorily correlates with timing and, to a lesser extent, the intensity of drought conditions in the Philippines and the rest of the Western Pacific during the El Niño phase. Changes in sea surface height (SSH) are also brought upon by ENSO through density changes with temperature and oceanographic processes. Here, we report that the associative nature of SSH and drought as measured by surface runoff, has a stronger correlation (r > 0.693, p < 0.05) in terms of the expected timing, with 1 to 3 months lag time, and intensity compared to using traditional ENSO SST indices from the Central Pacific. Furthermore, since SSH is co-located with its corresponding forecasted decrease in runoff, a localized prediction can be made which further increases the accuracy of this predictive tool. In the wake of a changing climate, this work demonstrates the possibility of statistically forecasting the timing of precipitation, and thus the volume of surface water availability, using local SSH as an indicator. A tool which is necessary for time-sensitive management decision making in drought-prone tropical regions.

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