scholarly journals Road Dust: A Health Hazard Hidden in Plain Sight

Eos ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Sever
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Industrial Activity ◽  
Traffic Paint

Legacy heavy metals from past industrial activity combine with traffic paint; asphalt; and bits of tires, brakes, and car parts to create toxic dust on our roadways.

scholarly journals Geochemical Mapping, Risk Assessment, and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in Road Dust Using Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF)

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Muhammad Faisal ◽  
Zening Wu ◽  
Huiliang Wang ◽  
Zafar Hussain ◽  
Chenyang Shen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Matrix Factorization ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Contamination Factor ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Positive Matrix Factorization ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Positive Matrix ◽  
The City

Heavy metals in road dust pose a significant threat to human health. This study investigated the concentrations, patterns, and sources of eight hazardous heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb, and Hg) in the street dust of Zhengzhou city of PR China. Fifty-eight samples of road dust were analyzed based on three methods of risk assessment, i.e., Geo-Accumulation Index (Igeo), Potential Ecological Risk Assessment (RI), and Nemerow Synthetic Pollution Index (PIN). The results exhibited higher concentrations of Hg and Cd 14 and 7 times higher than their background values, respectively. Igeo showed the risks of contamination in a range of unpolluted (Cr, Ni) to strongly polluted (Hg and Cd) categories. RI came up with the contamination ranges from low (Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, and Pb) to extreme (Cd and Hg) risk of contamination. The risk of contamination based on PIN was from safe (Cu, As, and Pb) to seriously high (Cd and Hg). The results yielded by PIN indicated the extreme risk of Cd and Hg in the city. Positive Matrix Factorization was used to identify the sources of contamination. Factor 1 (vehicular exhaust), Factor 2 (coal combustion), Factor 3 (metal industry), and Factor 4 (anthropogenic activities), respectively, contributed 14.63%, 35.34%, 36.14%, and 13.87% of total heavy metal pollution. Metal’s presence in the dust is a direct health risk for humans and warrants immediate and effective pollution control and prevention measures in the city.

scholarly journals Dietary nutrients and health risks from exposure to some heavy metals through the consumption of the farmed common carp (CYPRINUS CARPIO)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halyna Tkachenko ◽  
Natalia Kurhaluk ◽  
Olha Kasiyan ◽  
Piotr Kamiński
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Common Carp ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Dietary Nutrients ◽  
Target Hazard Quotients

AbstractCommon carp (Cyprinus carpio) is one of the most important cultured fish species in Poland. The aims of our study were to determine the concentration of essential minerals in the muscle tissue of carp obtained from a pond culture and to compare the content of these minerals with the physiological norms of nutrition for the Polish population, Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA), and Estimated Average Requirements (EAR). The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk by assessment of the Estimated target hazard quotients (THQ), total target hazard quotients (ΣTHQ), and carcinogenic risk were also studied. The muscle tissue of the carp was rich in macroelements. The pattern significance gradation of element concentrations was as follows: Na > K > Ca > P > Mg > Al > Zn > Fe > Cu > Mn > Cr > Se > Co. The concentration of toxic heavy metals in the samples was lower than the maximum allowable level of metals in food products. The risk of consumption of toxicants by an adult at a daily intake of 100 g of fish was 1.45% for Pb, 0.1% for Hg, 0.02% for Cd, and 0.02% for As, compared to the allowable daily intake for each toxicant. The value of the target hazard quotients of each metal was less than 1, indicating that the intake of a single metal through the consumption of carp meat does not pose a considerable health hazard. The total value of the target hazard quotients was also less than 1, indicating the safety of the combined effects of the chemicals. The major risk contributor was Pb with 82.9%, followed by Hg (9.38%), As (6.43%), and Cd (1.29%).

scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE FOR THE FORMATION OF THE EVIDENTIAL BASE OF HAZARD TO HEALTH IN THE POPULATION IN THE ZONE OF INFLUENCE OF WASTE FROM THE PAST ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 1038-1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Zaitseva ◽  
Irina V. May ◽  
S. V. Klein ◽  
S. S. Khankharev ◽  
A. A. Boloshinova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
The Past ◽  
Zone Of Influence

There are described an algorithm and methods for collecting the evidential base for causing hazard to the health of the population of Zakamensk (the Republic of Buryatia) in the zone of influence of the waste of the past activities of the Dzhidinsky tungsten-molybdenum combine. The source of danger is lying sands, containing a complex of toxic heavy metals - lead, cadmium, manganese, nickel, chromium, etc. The algorithm for the formation of the evidential base included: a general analysis of the sanitary and hygienic situation; assessment in the dynamics of the quality of atmospheric air, drinking water, soil, food; assessment of the risk to the health of the population; epidemiological studies; in-depth clinical surveys of a representative group of city residents (280 people). In the blood of the examinees, heavy metals were identified as biological markers of the exposure. There was evaluated a complex of the response (effect) adequate to effects of laboratory markers. By methods of mathematical statistics there was established the presence of reliable relationships in the system “source of hazard - the quality of the environment - exposure to risk factors - health status.” The hazard to the health of a citizen, due to the negative impact of the factor, was considered to be proven if it was possible to build a continuous step-by-step logical chain of relationships between the source of the harmful effect, the quality of the habitat and the establishment of the fact of the disease. The quality of the habitat of the population of Zakamensk was shown to give rise in unacceptable risks to the health of residents. The main influencing factor is the pollution of atmospheric air, local food products and drinking water from public and private wells. Risks are realized in terms of a level of the primary morbidity rate of the population of the respiratory diseases, endocrine system, digestive organs that is relatively high compared to the matched area. The relationship between health hazard and environmental factors has been fully proved in 14% of the surveyed persons. At the same time, the territory was shown not be characterized as a zone of “ecological disaster” or “an emergency environmental situation”.

scholarly journals Use of SPIONs for Removal of Heavy Metal and its Isotherm Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Absorption Efficiency ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
Industrial Activity ◽  
Adsorption Study

The presence of heavy metals is unpreventable in the current era leading to anthropogenic pollution and production of toxicants such as hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] to the environment. It is a common, known carcinogen to humans through inhalation as well as ingestion. With proper treatment of the effluents from industrial activity, the concentration of Cr(VI) would be minified and eliminated. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were once employed to evaluate its absorption efficiency against Cr(VI). The research now centered the concern on Cr(VI) elimination with SPIONS with carbon and used in batch adsorption study with optimized pH, adsorbent, and adsorbent-adsorbate concentrations. The adsorption then evaluated the result by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION INTO HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATION BY THE GRAVEL ROADSIDES / SUNKIŲJŲ METALŲ KONCENTRACIJŲ ŽVYRKELIŲ PAKELIŲ DIRVOŽEMIUOSE VERTINIMAS / ОЦЕНКА КОНЦЕНТР АЦИЙ ТЯЖЕЛЫХ МЕТАЛЛОВ В ПОЧВЕ ОБОЧИН ГРАВИЙНЫХ ДОРОГ

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audronė Mikalajunė ◽  
Lina Jakučionytė
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Concentration Limit ◽  
Roadside Soils ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Gravel Roads ◽  
The Impact

Vehicles release large amounts of heavy metals to the environment. There have been done a lot of investigations analysing the distribution of heavy metals in soils near intensive regional roads. However, there is lack of investigations into the impact of small-intensity gravel roads on roadside soil contamination with heavy metals. The object of this investigation is four gravel roads of local significance connecting small villages. The intensity of these roads is very low. The gravel roads are chosen according to application of dust-minimizing materials, for example, CaCl2 and oil emulsion. According to our results, none of the soil samples had an excess of heavy metal concentration limit. Besides, heavy metal concentrations were decreasing with a distance from the road increasing. We can make an assumption that road dust-minimizing materials do not have a significant impact on heavy metal distribution in roadside soils. The major factors of heavy metal pollution distribution in roadside soils are traffic intensity, roadside trenches, and topographic conditions. Santrauka Eksploatuojant autotransportą, į aplinką patenka daug sunkiųjų metalų. Atlikta nemažai tyrimų sunkiųjų metalų paplitimuidirvožemyje šalia intensyvių magistralinių kelių nustatyti, tačiau mažo intensyvumo keliai šiuo požiūriu tiriami mažai.Tirti pasirinkta 4 žvyrkeliai – vietinės reikšmvs keliai, jungiantys nedideles gyvenvietes. Eismo intensyvumas šiuose keliuose mažas. Žvyrkeliai pasirinkti pagal taikomas priemones dulkėtumui mažinti, t. y. du nagrinvjami žvyrkeliai apdorotiCaCl2, kiti du – naftos emulsija. Nė viename mėginyje sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos neviršijo DLK, o tolstant nuo važiuojamosios kelio dalies sunkiųjų metalų koncentracijos buvo mažesnės. Galima daryti prielaidą, kad kelio apdorojimo medžiagos dulkėtumui mažinti žymios įtakos sunkiųjų metalų pasiskirstymui pakelių dirvožemyje nedaro, lemia transporto srauto intensyvumas, kelio grioviai pakelėse bei reljefo sąlygos. Резюме При эксплуатации автомобилей в окружающую среду попадает много тяжелых металлов. Проведено немалоисследований, посвященных анализу распространения тяжелых металлов в почве обочин интенсивно эксплуатируемых магистральных дорог, однако исследований, касающихся аналогичных проблем дорог малой интенсивности, в настоящее время имеется немного. В настоящей работе в качестве объекта исследований выбраны четыредороги местного значения с гравийным покрытием, соединяющие небольшие поселения. Интенсивность дорог небольшая. Гравийные дороги выбраны с учетом их обработки для уменьшения пыльности – две дороги обработаны с применением CaCl2, а две другие – с применением нефтяной эмульсии. Ни в одной пробе не былозафиксировано концентраций тяжелых металлов, превышающих допустимые нормами. С удалением от проезжей части концентрации тяжелых металлов уменьшались. На основании исследований можно сделать вывод о том,что материалы, применявшиеся для уменьшения пыльности дорог, большого влияния на распространениетяжелых металлов в почве обочин дорог не оказывают. На распространение тяжелых металлов в почве обочин оказывает влияние интенсивность транспортного потока, кюветы на обочинах и условия рельефа.

scholarly journals Seasonal assessment, treatment and removal of heavy metal concentrations in a tropical drinking water reservoir

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshood Keke Mustapha ◽  
Joy Chinenye Ewulum
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Materials

AbstractHeavy metals are present in low concentrations in reservoirs, but seasonal anthropogenic activities usually elevate the concentrations to a level that could become a health hazard. The dry season concentrations of cadmium, copper, iron, lead, mercury, nickel and zinc were assessed from three sites for 12 weeks in Oyun reservoir, Offa, Nigeria. Triplicate surface water samples were collected and analysed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The trend in the level of concentrations in the three sites is site C > B > A, while the trend in the levels of the concentrations in the reservoir is Ni > Fe > Zn > Pb > Cd > Cu > Hg. Ni, Cd, Pb and Hg were found to be higher than the WHO guidelines for the metals in drinking water. The high concentration of these metals was from anthropogenic watershed run-off of industrial effluents, domestic sewages and agricultural materials into the reservoir coming from several human activities such as washing, bathing, fish smoking, especially in site C. The health effects of high concentration of these metals in the reservoir were highlighted. Methods for the treatment and removal of the heavy metals from the reservoir during water purification such as active carbon adsorption, coagulation-flocculation, oxidation-filtration, softening treatment and reverse osmosis process were highlighted. Other methods that could be used include phytoremediation, rhizofiltration, bisorption and bioremediation. Watershed best management practices (BMP) remains the best solution to reduce the intrusion of the heavy metals from the watershed into the reservoir.

Anthropogenic magnetic particles and heavy metals in the road dust: Magnetic identification and its implications

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1175-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Yang ◽  
Qingsheng Liu ◽  
Haixia Li ◽  
Qingli Zeng ◽  
Lungsang Chan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
The Road

scholarly journals Fine particulate matter in the tropical environment: monsoonal effects, source apportionment, and health risk assessment

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 597-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Khan ◽  
M. T. Latif ◽  
W. H. Saw ◽  
N. Amil ◽  
M. S. M. Nadzir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Closure Model ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
Us Epa ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration

Abstract. The health implications of PM2.5 in the tropical region of Southeast Asia (SEA) are significant as PM2.5 can pose serious health concerns. PM2.5 concentration and sources here are strongly influenced by changes in the monsoon regime from the south-west quadrant to the north-east quadrant in the region. In this work, PM2.5 samples were collected at a semi-urban area using a high-volume air sampler at different seasons on 24 h basis. Analysis of trace elements and water-soluble ions was performed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) and ion chromatography (IC), respectively. Apportionment analysis of PM2.5 was carried out using the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) positive matrix factorization (PMF) 5.0 and a mass closure model. We quantitatively characterized the health risks posed to human populations through the inhalation of selected heavy metals in PM2.5. 48 % of the samples collected exceeded the World Health Organization (WHO) 24 h PM2.5 guideline but only 19 % of the samples exceeded 24 h US EPA National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). The PM2.5 concentration was slightly higher during the north-east monsoon compared to south-west monsoon. The main trace metals identified were As, Pb, Cd, Ni, Mn, V, and Cr while the main ions were SO42−, NO3−, NH4+, and Na. The mass closure model identified four major sources of PM2.5 that account for 55 % of total mass balance. The four sources are mineral matter (MIN) (35 %), secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) (11 %), sea salt (SS) (7 %), and trace elements (TE) (2 %). PMF 5.0 elucidated five potential sources: motor vehicle emissions coupled with biomass burning (31 %) were the most dominant, followed by marine/sulfate aerosol (20 %), coal burning (19 %), nitrate aerosol (17 %), and mineral/road dust (13 %). The hazard quotient (HQ) for four selected metals (Pb, As, Cd, and Ni) in PM2.5 mass was highest in PM2.5 mass from the coal burning source and least in PM2.5 mass originating from the mineral/road dust source. The main carcinogenic heavy metal of concern to health at the current location was As; the other heavy metals (Ni, Pb, and Cd) did not pose a significant cancer risk in PM2.5 mass concentration. Overall, the associated lifetime cancer risk posed by the exposure of hazardous metals in PM2.5 is 3–4 per 1 000 000 people at this location.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document