The 3‐D Thermal Structure of the Helvetic Nappes of the European Alps: Implications for Collisional Processes

Tectonics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Girault ◽  
N. Bellahsen ◽  
A. Boutoux ◽  
C. L. Rosenberg ◽  
U. Nanni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Structure ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Helvetic Nappes

scholarly journals Patterns of landscape form in the upper Rhône basin, Central Swiss Alps, predominantly show lithologic controls despite multiple glaciations and variations in rock uplift rates

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1061-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Stutenbecker ◽  
A. Costa ◽  
F. Schlunegger
Keyword(s):  
Response Times ◽  
Transient State ◽  
Swiss Alps ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Helvetic Nappes ◽  
Glacial Origin ◽  
Hypsometric Integral ◽  
Uplift Rates ◽  
Geomorphological Parameters ◽  
River Profiles

Abstract. The development of topography is mainly dependent on the interplay of uplift and erosion, which are in term controlled by various factors including climate, glaciers, lithology, seismic activity and short-term variables such as anthropogenic impact. While most studies have focused on the role of tectonics and climate on the landscape form and underlying processes, less attention has been paid on exploring the controls of lithology on erosion. The Central European Alps are characterized by a large spatial variability in exposed lithologies and as such offer an ideal laboratory to investigate the lithological controls on erosion and landscape form. Here, we focus on the ca. 5400 km2-large upper Rhône basin situated in the Central Swiss Alps to explore how the lithological architecture of the bedrock conditions the Alpine landscape. To this extent, we extract geomorphological parameters along the channels of ca. 50 tributary basins, whose catchments are located in either granitic basement rocks (External massifs), oceanic meta-sedimentary and ophiolitic rocks (Penninic nappes) or fine-grained continental-margin sediments (Helvetic nappes). The analysis of longitudinal river profiles show that all tributary rivers within the Rhône basin are in topographic transient state as testified by mainly convex or concave-convex longitudinal stream channel profiles with several knickpoints of either tectonic or glacial origin. In addition, although the entire Rhône basin shows a strong glacial inheritance (and is still partly glaciated) and some of the highest uplift rates recently measured in the Alps, the river network has responded differently to those perturbations as revealed by the morphometric data. In particular, tributary basins in the Helvetic nappes are the most equilibrated (concave river profiles, overall lower elevations, less steep slope gradients and lowest hypsometric integrals), while the tributaries located in the External massifs are least equilibrated, where streams yield strong convex long profiles, and where the tributary basins have the highest hypsometric integral and reveal the steepest hillslopes. We interpret this pattern to reflect differences in response times of the fluvial erosion in tributary streams towards glacial and tectonic perturbations, where the corresponding lengths strongly depend on the lithology and therefore on the bedrock erodibility.

Thermal structure of the southern Apennines along the Val d'Agri-Bari transect

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Stefania Candela ◽  
Stefano Mazzoli ◽  
Antonella Megna ◽  
Stefano Santini
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Southern Apennines

Vulnerability of Norway spruce to climate change in mountain forests of the European Alps

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Hartl-Meier ◽  
C Zang ◽  
C Dittmar ◽  
J Esper ◽  
A Göttlein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Norway Spruce ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Mountain Forests

Differences between recent and historical records of upper species limits in the northern European Alps

Erdkunde ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-354
Author(s):  
Sebastian Schmidtlein ◽  
Ulrike Faude ◽  
Ole Rössler ◽  
Hannes Feilhauer ◽  
Jörg Ewald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Alps ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
Species Limits ◽  
Northern European

Mixed Layer Models and Their Application to Water Quality Problems

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 221-232
Author(s):  
M.J. McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Mixed Layer ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Mass Conservation ◽  
Eddy Diffusion ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Surface Mixed Layer ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Quality Model ◽  
Mixing Processes

Abstract Four one-dimensional models which have been used to characterize surface mixed layer (ML) processes and the thermal structure are described. Although most any model can be calibrated to mimic surface water temperatures, it does not imply that the corresponding mixing processes are well described. Eddy diffusion or "K" models can exhibit this problem. If a ML model is to be useful for water quality applications, then it must be able to resolve storm events and, therefore, be able to simulate the ML depth, h, and its time rate of change, dh/dt. A general water quality model is derived from mass conservation principles to demonstrate how ML models can be used in a physically meaningful way to address water quality issues.

INVESTIGATING THE SEISMIC AND THERMAL STRUCTURE OF THE CIRCUM-ARCTIC LITHOSPHERE AND ASTHENOSPHERE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Schaeffer ◽  
◽  
Sergei Lebedev ◽  
Javier Fullea ◽  
Pascal Audet
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Structure
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document