Impacts of Wetland Reclamation and Paddy Field Expansion on Observed Local Temperature Trends in the Sanjiang Plain of China

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingxiang Liu ◽  
Lingxue Yu ◽  
Shuwen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Field ◽  
Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Local Temperature ◽  
The Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Temperature Trends ◽  
Wetland Reclamation

scholarly journals Seasonal Local Temperature Responses to Paddy Field Expansion from Rain-Fed Farmland in the Cold and Humid Sanjiang Plain of China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingxiang Liu ◽  
Lingxue Yu ◽  
Kun Bu ◽  
Fengqin Yan ◽  
Shuwen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Field ◽  
Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Cooling Effect ◽  
Local Temperature ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
The Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Temperature Responses

Numerous studies have documented the effects of irrigation on local, regional, and global climate. However, most studies focused on the cooling effect of irrigated dryland in semiarid or arid regions. In our study, we focused on irrigated paddy fields in humid regions at mid to high latitudes and estimated the effects of paddy field expansion from rain-fed farmland on local temperatures based on remote sensing and observational data. Our results revealed much significant near-surface cooling in spring (May and June) rather than summer (July and August) and autumn (September), which was −2.03 K to 0.73 K and −1.08 K respectively. Non-radiative mechanisms dominated the local temperature response to paddy field expansion from rain-fed farmland in the Sanjiang Plain. The contributions from the changes to the combined effects of the non-radiative process were 123.6%, 95.5%, and 66.9% for spring (May and June), summer (July and August), and autumn (September), respectively. Due to the seasonal changes of the biogeophysical properties for rain-fed farmland and paddy fields during the growing season, the local surface temperature responses, as well as their contributions, showed great seasonal variability. Our results showed that the cooling effect was particularly obvious during the dry spring instead of the warm, wet summer, and indicated that more attention should be paid to the seasonal differences of these effects, especially in a region with a relatively humid climate and distinct seasonal variations.

scholarly journals Sources, Influencing Factors, and Pollution Process of Inorganic Nitrogen in Shallow Groundwater of a Typical Agricultural Area in Northeast China

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3292
Author(s):  
Xinqiang Du ◽  
Jing Feng ◽  
Min Fang ◽  
Xueyan Ye
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Nitrogen Compounds ◽  
The Sanjiang Plain

As one of the largest agricultural areas, the Sanjiang Plain of Northeast China has faced serious inorganic nitrogen pollution of groundwater, but the sources and the formation mechanism of pollution in the regional shallow groundwater remain unclear, which constrains the progress of pollution control and agricultural development planning. An investigation on potential nitrogen sources, groundwater inorganic nitrogen compounds (NH4+, NO3−, NO2−), and topsoil total nitrogen concentration (TN) was conducted in a typical paddy irrigation area of Sanjiang Plain. Multivariate statistical analysis combined with geospatial-based assessment was applied to identify the sources, determine the governing influencing factors, and analyze the formation process of inorganic nitrogen compounds in shallow groundwater. The results show that the land use type, oxidation-reduction potential (Eh), groundwater depth, NO2− concentration, and electrical conductivity (EC) are highly correlated with the NO3− pollution in groundwater, while DO and Eh affected the distribution of NH4+ most; the high concentrations of NO3− in sampling wells are most likely to be found in the residential land and are distributed mainly in densely populated areas, whereas the NH4+ compounds are most likely to accumulate in the paddy field or the lands surrounded by paddy field and reach the highest level in the northwest of the area, where the fields were cultivated intensively with higher fertilization rates and highest values of topsoil TN. From the results, it can be concluded that that the NO3− compounds in groundwater originated from manure and domestic waste and accumulated in the oxidizing environment, while the NH4+ compounds were derived from N fertilization and remained steady in the reducing environment. NO2− compounds in groundwater were the immediate products of nitrification as a result of microorganism activities.

Impact of paddy field landscape on the local thermal environment in the Sanjiang Plain

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
金翠，李欣涛，佟欣羽，曾令辉，李凤秀 JIN Cui
Keyword(s):  
Paddy Field ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Sanjiang Plain ◽  
The Sanjiang Plain

scholarly journals The Impact of Artificial Wetland Expansion on Local Temperature in the Growing Season—the Case Study of the Sanjiang Plain, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 2915
Author(s):  
Lingxue Yu ◽  
Tingxiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Local Temperature ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Artificial Wetland ◽  
The Sanjiang Plain ◽  
The Impact

Land use and land cover change (LUCC) has been increasingly recognized as having important effects on climate systems. Paddy fields, one kind of artificial wetland, have seen a significant increase in the Sanjiang Plain, China since 2000 and have become the most typical LUCC at the regional scale. Against this background, in this paper, we discuss the effects of this artificial wetland increase on surface temperature, in addition to its driving mechanisms. Firstly, the spatiotemporal variations of land surface temperature (LST) and its two driving variables (albedo and latent heat flux (LE)) in the Sanjiang Plain are analyzed and assessed based on remote sensing observation information from 2001 to 2015. Our results from both spatial distribution difference and time series analysis show that paddy field expansion led to day-time cooling and night-time warming over the study area. However, the LST changes show different characteristics and magnitudes in the spring (May to June) compared to the other months of the growing season (July to September). The daytime cooling trend is found to be −0.3842 K/year and the warming trend at night 0.1988 K/year during the period 2001 to 2015, resulting in an overall cooling effect in May and June. In July–September, the LST changes have the same sign but a smaller magnitude, with a −0.0686 K/year temperature trend seen for the day-time and a 0.0569 K/year increase for the night-time. As a consequence, a pronounced decrease in the diurnal temperature range is detected in the growing season, especially in spring. Furthermore, albedo and LE are demonstrated to be very sensitive to land use changes, especially in the earlier periods of the growing season. Correlation analysis between LST and albedo and LE also indicates the dominant role played by evapotranspiration in paddy fields in regulating local temperature.

scholarly journals Erratum to: Ecosystem Service Comparison before and after Marshland Conversion to Paddy Field in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China

Wetlands ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-601
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Liu ◽  
Ming Jiang ◽  
Guihua Dong ◽  
Zhongsheng Zhang ◽  
Xigang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Sanjiang Plain ◽  
The Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Before And After

Ecosystem Service Comparison before and after Marshland Conversion to Paddy Field in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China

Wetlands ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Liu ◽  
Ming Jiang ◽  
Guihua Dong ◽  
Zhongsheng Zhang ◽  
Xigang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Service ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Sanjiang Plain ◽  
The Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Levels, Inventory, and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Wetland Ecosystem, Northeast China: Implications for Snow Cover Monitoring

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2161
Author(s):  
Fuxiang Zhang ◽  
Bo Meng ◽  
Shang Gao ◽  
Rupert Hough ◽  
Peng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
The Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Water Pollution Index

Snow cover is a unique environmental medium in cold regions that can cause potential risks to the ecological environment, due to the release of pollutants that are stored in it. In this study, the Qixing River wetland, located in the Sanjiang Plain of China, was taken as the target research area. Heavy metals in snow cover, including Cu, Ni, Cr, Cd, Pb, and Zn were measured at 19 sampling sites. The results showed that the average concentrations of heavy metals were: Zn (103.46 ± 39.16) > Pb (13.08 ± 4.99) > Cr (11.97 ± 2.82) > Ni (9.55 ± 4.96) > Cu (6.19 ± 1.79) > Cd (0.55 ± 0.25) μg·L−1. Cr and Zn were between Class I and Class II in the “Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water” of China (GB3838-2002). Pb in snow exceeded the upper limit of Class II, and was significantly higher than concentrations measured in water samples from the Qixing River wetland (p < 0.05), indicating that atmospheric deposition during winter was the major source of Pb. The water pollution index (WPI) indicated that 61.0% of samples could be considered of “clean” status, while the contribution of Zn, Pb, and Cr to WPI were 33.3%, 21.0%, and 19.3%, respectively. A preliminary evaluation of heavy metal inventory in snow cover showed that the residue level of Zn was the highest (2313.57 ± 1194.67 μg·m−2), while Cd was the lowest (13.91 ± 10.45 μg·m−2). The areas with high residues of heavy metals were all located near the buffer zone of the wetland (except for Zn), where snow depth tended to be greatest. Exposure analysis indicated that the risks to winter resident birds from snow ingestion was minimal, but it should be noted that the exposure risk was higher in birds with lower bodyweights. This study provides important information and scientific knowledge on the pollution characteristics and residue inventory of heavy metals in wetland ecosystems, while the results can also provide a monitoring method, reflecting atmospheric environmental quality at a local or regional scale.

scholarly journals Simulating Land-Use Changes and Predicting Maize Potential Yields in Northeast China for 2050

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 938
Author(s):  
Luoman Pu ◽  
Jiuchun Yang ◽  
Lingxue Yu ◽  
Changsheng Xiong ◽  
Fengqin Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Potential Production ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
The Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
The Future

Crop potential yields in cropland are the essential reflection of the utilization of cropland resources. The changes of the quantity, quality, and spatial distribution of cropland will directly affect the crop potential yields, so it is very crucial to simulate future cropland distribution and predict crop potential yields to ensure the future food security. In the present study, the Cellular Automata (CA)-Markov model was employed to simulate land-use changes in Northeast China during 2015–2050. Then, the Global Agro-ecological Zones (GAEZ) model was used to predict maize potential yields in Northeast China in 2050, and the spatio-temporal changes of maize potential yields during 2015–2050 were explored. The results were the following. (1) The woodland and grassland decreased by 5.13 million ha and 1.74 million ha respectively in Northeast China from 2015 to 2050, which were mainly converted into unused land. Most of the dryland was converted to paddy field and built-up land. (2) In 2050, the total maize potential production and average potential yield in Northeast China were 218.09 million tonnes and 6880.59 kg/ha. Thirteen prefecture-level cities had maize potential production of more than 7 million tonnes, and 11 cities had maize potential yields of more than 8000 kg/ha. (3) During 2015–2050, the total maize potential production and average yield decreased by around 23 million tonnes and 700 kg/ha in Northeast China, respectively. (4) The maize potential production increased in 15 cities located in the plain areas over the 35 years. The potential yields increased in only nine cities, which were mainly located in the Sanjiang Plain and the southeastern regions. The results highlight the importance of coping with the future land-use changes actively, maintaining the balance of farmland occupation and compensation, improving the cropland quality, and ensuring food security in Northeast China.

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