scholarly journals Oil Droplets Transport Under a Deep‐Water Plunging Breaker: Impact of Droplet Inertia

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (12) ◽  
pp. 9082-9100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangda Cui ◽  
Michel C. Boufadel ◽  
Xiaolong Geng ◽  
Feng Gao ◽  
Lin Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Oil Droplets ◽  
Plunging Breaker

scholarly journals Deflection of natural oil droplets through the water column in deep-water environments: The case of the Lower Congo Basin

2018 ◽  
Vol 136 ◽  
pp. 44-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romain Jatiault ◽  
Damien Dhont ◽  
Lies Loncke ◽  
Xavier Durrieu de Madron ◽  
Dominique Dubucq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Congo Basin ◽  
Oil Droplets ◽  
Natural Oil

scholarly journals Oil droplets dispersion under a deep-water plunging breaker: Experimental measurements and numerical modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangda Cui ◽  
Cosan Daskiran ◽  
Lin Zhao ◽  
Michel C. Boufadel ◽  
Brian Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Method ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Breaking Waves ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Breaking Wave ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Plunging Breaker

Abstract (1141370) Wave tank experiments were performed to measure the droplets size distribution under the plunging breaking wave. A deep-water plunging breaker of height 20 cm was generated using the dispersive focusing method, and a shadowgraph camera was used to take images of droplets and bubbles of different sizes. For droplets smaller than the 1000 microns, the number-based DSD matched the DS correlation (Delvigne and Sweeney 1988), which gives N(d) ~ d−2.3, but N(d) ~ d−9.7 for diameters larger than 1000 microns. A numerical method was designed to study the oil dispersion under breaking waves by coupling the computational fluid dynamic (CFD) with the Lagrangian particle tracking code (NEMO3D) and population balance model (VDROP). The wave hydrodynamics was reproduced using the Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes approach within a commercial CFD code ANSYS Fluent. The obtained wave hydrodynamics was then used as inputs for the NEM3D code and VDROP model. The numerical results show reasonable agreement with our experimental observation. The approach adopted to produce the DSD reduces the empiricism of the DS correlation, as the approach uses oil properties and measurable wave properties. The proposed numerical method was ready to be used in other scenarios of oil spills (i.e., oil jets in deep oceans and oil dispersion in riverine systems). It could also be potentially used in large scale forecast and hindcast simulations for oil spill response and research.

scholarly journals The impact of a deep-water plunging breaker on a wall with its bottom edge close to the mean water surface

2018 ◽  
Vol 843 ◽  
pp. 680-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
An Wang ◽  
Christine M. Ikeda-Gilbert ◽  
James H. Duncan ◽  
Daniel P. Lathrop ◽  
Mark J. Cooker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Front Face ◽  
Wave Crest ◽  
Bottom Surface ◽  
Mean Water Level ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Plunging Breaker ◽  
Range Of Values

The impact of a deep-water plunging breaker on a finite height two-dimensional structure with a vertical front face is studied experimentally. The structure is located at a fixed horizontal position relative to a wave maker and the structure’s bottom surface is located at a range of vertical positions close to the undisturbed water surface. Measurements of the water surface profile history and the pressure distribution on the front surface of the structure are performed. As the vertical position,$z_{b}$(the$z$axis is positive up and$z=0$is the mean water level), of the structure’s bottom surface is varied from one experimental run to another, the water surface evolution during impact can be categorized into three classes of behaviour. In class I, with$z_{b}$in a range of values near$-0.1\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{0}$, where$\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{0}$is the nominal wavelength of the breaker, the behaviour of the water surface is similar to the flip-through phenomena first described in studies with shallow water and a structure mounted on the sea bed. In the present work, it is found that the water surface between the front face of the structure and the wave crest is well fitted by arcs of circles with a decreasing radius and downward moving centre as the impact proceeds. A spatially and temporally localized high-pressure region was found on the impact surface of the structure and existing theory is used to explore the physics of this phenomenon. In class II, with$z_{b}$in a range of values near the mean water level, the bottom of the structure exits and re-enters the water phase at least once during the impact process. These air–water transitions generate large-amplitude ripple packets that propagate to the wave crest and modify its behaviour significantly. At$z_{b}=0$, all sensors submerged during the impact record a nearly in-phase high-frequency pressure oscillation indicating possible air entrainment. In class III, with$z_{b}$in a range of values near$0.03\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}_{0}$, the bottom of the structure remains in air before the main crest hits the bottom corner of the structure. The subsequent free surface behaviour is strongly influenced by the instantaneous momentum of the local flow just before impact and the highest wall pressures of all experimental conditions are found.

scholarly journals Dynamics of Live Oil Droplets and Natural Gas Bubbles in Deep Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (19) ◽  
pp. 11865-11875
Author(s):  
Jonas Gros ◽  
J. Samuel Arey ◽  
Scott A. Socolofsky ◽  
Anusha L. Dissanayake
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Gas Bubbles ◽  
Oil Droplets ◽  
Live Oil

Benthic foraminiferal zonation in deep-water carbonate platform margin environments, northern Little Bahama Bank

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald E. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Carbonate Platform ◽  
Sedimentary Facies ◽  
Depositional Environments ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Sediment Gravity Flows ◽  
Gravity Flows ◽  
Platform Margin ◽  
Water Carbonate

The utility of benthic foraminifera in bathymetric interpretation of clastic depositional environments is well established. In contrast, bathymetric distribution of benthic foraminifera in deep-water carbonate environments has been largely neglected. Approximately 260 species and morphotypes of benthic foraminifera were identified from 12 piston core tops and grab samples collected along two traverses 25 km apart across the northern windward margin of Little Bahama Bank at depths of 275-1,135 m. Certain species and operational taxonomic groups of benthic foraminifera correspond to major near-surface sedimentary facies of the windward margin of Little Bahama Bank and serve as reliable depth indicators. Globocassidulina subglobosa, Cibicides rugosus, and Cibicides wuellerstorfi are all reliable depth indicators, being most abundant at depths >1,000 m, and are found in lower slope periplatform aprons, which are primarily comprised of sediment gravity flows. Reef-dwelling peneroplids and soritids (suborder Miliolina) and rotaliines (suborder Rotaliina) are most abundant at depths <300 m, reflecting downslope bottom transport in proximity to bank-margin reefs. Small miliolines, rosalinids, and discorbids are abundant in periplatform ooze at depths <300 m and are winnowed from the carbonate platform. Increased variation in assemblage diversity below 900 m reflects mixing of shallow- and deep-water species by sediment gravity flows.

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