scholarly journals Snow Depth Retrieval on Arctic Sea Ice From Passive Microwave Radiometers—Improvements and Extensions to Multiyear Ice Using Lower Frequencies

2018 ◽  
Vol 123 (10) ◽  
pp. 7120-7138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Rostosky ◽  
Gunnar Spreen ◽  
Sinead L. Farrell ◽  
Torben Frost ◽  
Georg Heygster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Snow Depth ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Passive Microwave ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Microwave Radiometers ◽  
Multiyear Ice ◽  
Lower Frequencies

scholarly journals Comparison of passive microwave remote-sensing snow-depth products on Arctic sea ice

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenlei Zhang ◽  
Qing Ji ◽  
Xiaoping Pang ◽  
Jie Su ◽  
Chang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Snow Depth ◽  
Microwave Remote Sensing ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Passive Microwave ◽  
Passive Microwave Remote Sensing ◽  
Arctic Sea

scholarly journals Sub-kilometre scale distribution of snow depth on Arctic sea ice from Soviet drifting stations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robbie Mallett ◽  
Julienne Stroeve ◽  
Michel Tsamados ◽  
Rosemary Willatt ◽  
Thomas Newman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Snow Depth ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sea Ice Thickness ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Ice Field ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Ice Impacts ◽  
Multiyear Ice

The sub-kilometre scale distribution of snow depth on Arctic sea ice impacts atmosphere-ice fluxes of heat and light, and is of importance for satellite estimates of sea ice thickness from both radar and lidar altimeters. While information about the mean of this distribution is increasingly available from modelling and remote sensing, the full distribution cannot yet be resolved. We analyse 33539 snow depth measurements from 499 transects taken at Soviet drifting stations between 1955 and 1991 and derive a simple statistical distribution for snow depth over multi-year ice as a function of only the mean snow depth. We then evaluate this snow depth distribution against snow depth transects that span first-year ice to multiyear ice from the MOSAiC, SHEBA and AMSR-Ice field campaigns. Because the distribution can be generated using only the mean snow depth, it can be used in the downscaling of several existing snow depth products for use in flux modelling and altimetry studies.

scholarly journals Retrieval of Snow Depth over Arctic Sea Ice Using a Deep Neural Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 2864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiping Liu ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Xiao Cheng ◽  
Yongyun Hu
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Snow Depth ◽  
Deep Neural Network ◽  
Arctic Basin ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Sea Ice Thickness ◽  
Arctic Sea

The accurate knowledge of spatial and temporal variations of snow depth over sea ice in the Arctic basin is important for understanding the Arctic energy budget and retrieving sea ice thickness from satellite altimetry. In this study, we develop and validate a new method for retrieving snow depth over Arctic sea ice from brightness temperatures at different frequencies measured by passive microwave radiometers. We construct an ensemble-based deep neural network and use snow depth measured by sea ice mass balance buoys to train the network. First, the accuracy of the retrieved snow depth is validated with observations. The results show the derived snow depth is in good agreement with the observations, in terms of correlation, bias, root mean square error, and probability distribution. Our ensemble-based deep neural network can be used to extend the snow depth retrieval from first-year sea ice (FYI) to multi-year sea ice (MYI), as well as during the melting period. Second, the consistency and discrepancy of snow depth in the Arctic basin between our retrieval using the ensemble-based deep neural network and two other available retrievals using the empirical regression are examined. The results suggest that our snow depth retrieval outperforms these data sets.

Projected decline in spring snow depth on Arctic sea ice caused by progressively later autumn open ocean freeze-up this century

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (17) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Hezel ◽  
X. Zhang ◽  
C. M. Bitz ◽  
B. P. Kelly ◽  
F. Massonnet
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Snow Depth ◽  
Open Ocean ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Sea

The impacts of liquid precipitation on sea ice surface ablation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingfeng Dou
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Snow Depth ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Surface Energy Budget ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Liquid Precipitation

<p>Snow plays an important role in the Arctic climate system, modulating heat transfer in terrestrial and marine environments and controlling feedbacks. Changes in snow depth over Arctic sea ice, particularly in spring, have a strong impact on the surface energy budget, influencing ocean heat loss, ice growth and surface ponding. Snow conditions are sensitive to the phase (solid or liquid) of deposited precipitation. However, variability and potential trends of rain-on snow events over Arctic sea ice and their role in sea-ice losses are poorly understood. Time series of surface observations at Utqiagvik, Alaska, reveal rapid reduction in snow depth linked to late-spring rain-on-snow events. Liquid precipitation is critical in preconditioning and triggering snow ablation through reduction in surface albedo as well as latent heat release determined by rainfall amount, supported by field observations beginning in 2000 and model results. Rainfall was found to accelerate warming and ripening of the snowpack, with even small amounts (such as 0.3mm recorded on 24 May 2017) triggering the transition from the warming phase into the ripening phase. Subsequently, direct heat input drives snowmelt, with water content of the snowpack increasing until meltwater output occurs, with an associated rapid decrease in snow depth. Rainfall during the ripening phase can further raise water content in the snow layer, prompting onset of the meltwater output phase in the snowpack. First spring rainfall in Utqiagvik has been observed to shift to earlier dates since the 1970s, in particular after the mid-1990s. Early melt season rainfall and its fraction of total annual precipitation also exhibit an increasing trend. These changes of precipitation over sea ice may have profound impacts on ice melt through feedbacks involving earlier onset of surface melt.</p>

scholarly journals Pan-Arctic sea ice-algal chl a biomass and suitable habitat are largely underestimated for multiyear ice

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 4581-4597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin A. Lange ◽  
Hauke Flores ◽  
Christine Michel ◽  
Justin F. Beckers ◽  
Anne Bublitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Arctic Sea ◽  
Multiyear Ice
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