scholarly journals Deformation of Ionospheric Potential Pattern by Ionospheric Hall Polarization

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (9) ◽  
pp. 7553-7580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aoi Nakamizo ◽  
Akimasa Yoshikawa
Keyword(s):  
Ionospheric Potential

scholarly journals The Global Electric Circuit and Global Seismicity

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
Sergey Pulinets ◽  
Galina Khachikyan
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Electric Circuit ◽  
Thunderstorm Activity ◽  
Radon Emanation ◽  
Global Electric Circuit ◽  
Important Conclusion ◽  
Earthquake Preparation ◽  
Deep Focus ◽  
Ionospheric Potential

Basing on the catalogue of earthquakes with a magnitude of M ≥ 4.5 for the period 1973–2017, a UT variation with an amplitude of ~10% in the number of earthquakes is revealed and compared with a UT variation in the ionospheric potential (IP) with an amplitude of ~18%. We demonstrate that the amplitude of the UT variation in the number of deep-focus earthquakes is greater compared with that of crustal earthquakes, reaching 19%. The UT of the primary maxima of both the IP (according to modern calculations) and of earthquake incidence coincides (near 17:00 UT) and is, by 2 h, ahead of the classical Carnegie curve representing the UT variation in the atmospheric electric field on the ground surface. The linear regression equation between these UT variations in the number of deep-focus earthquakes and the ionospheric potential is obtained, with a correlation coefficient of R = 0.97. The results support the idea that the processes of earthquake preparation are coupled to the functional processes of the global electric circuit and the generation of atmospheric electric fields. In particular, the observed increase in thunderstorm activity over earthquake preparation areas, provided by air ionization due to radon emanation, yields a clue as to why the global thunderstorm distribution is primarily continental. Another important conclusion is that, in observing the longitudinal distributions of earthquakes against the IP distribution, we automatically observe that all such events occur in local nighttime hours. Considering that the majority of earthquake precursors have their maximums at local night and demonstrating the positive deviation from the undisturbed value, we obtain a clue as to its positive correlation with variations in the ionospheric potential.

Variations in the near-surface atmospheric electric field at high latitudes and ionospheric potential during geomagnetic perturbations

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 629-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Frank-Kamenetskii ◽  
A. L. Kotikov ◽  
A. A. Kruglov ◽  
G. B. Burns ◽  
N. G. Kleimenova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Atmospheric Electric Field ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Geomagnetic Perturbations ◽  
Ionospheric Potential

scholarly journals On the possibility of using an electromagnetic ionosphere in global MHD simulations

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Janhunen
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Source Term ◽  
Interaction Space ◽  
Mhd Equations ◽  
Coupling Scheme ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Mhd Simulations ◽  
Field Aligned Current ◽  
Flow Of Information ◽  
Ionospheric Potential

Abstract. Global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of the Earth's magnetosphere must be coupled with a dynamical ionospheric module in order to give realistic results. The usual approach is to compute the field-aligned current (FAC) from the magnetospheric MHD variables at the ionospheric boundary. The ionospheric potential is solved from an elliptic equation using the FAC as a source term. The plasma velocity at the boundary is the E × B velocity associated with the ionospheric potential. Contemporary global MHD simulations which include a serious ionospheric model use this method, which we call the electrostatic approach in this paper. We study the possibility of reversing the flow of information through the ionosphere: the magnetosphere gives the electric field to the ionosphere. The field is not necessarily electrostatic, thus we will call this scheme electromagnetic. The electric field determines the horizontal ionospheric current. The divergence of the horizontal current gives the FAC, which is used as a boundary condition for MHD equations. We derive the necessary formulas and discuss the validity of the approximations necessarily involved. It is concluded that the electromagnetic ionosphere-magnetosphere coupling scheme is a serious candidate for future global MHD simulators, although a few problem areas still remain. At minimum, it should be investigated further to discover whether there are any differences in the simulation using the electrostatic or the electromagnetic ionospheric coupling.Key words. Ionosphere · Ionosphere-magnetosphere interaction · Magnetospheric physics · Magnetosphere-ionosphere interaction · Space plasma physics · Numerical simulation studies

scholarly journals The fate of O<sup>+</sup> ions observed in the plasma mantle: particle tracing modelling and cluster observations

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 645-656
Author(s):  
Audrey Schillings ◽  
Herbert Gunell ◽  
Hans Nilsson ◽  
Alexandre De Spiegeleer ◽  
Yusuke Ebihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Geomagnetic Activity ◽  
Particle Tracing ◽  
Ion Outflow ◽  
Oxygen Ion ◽  
Ion Escape ◽  
Cluster Data ◽  
Magnetic Field Model ◽  
Solar Wind Parameters ◽  
Ionospheric Potential

Abstract. Ion escape is of particular interest for studying the evolution of the atmosphere on geological timescales. Previously, using Cluster-CODIF data, we investigated the oxygen ion outflow from the plasma mantle for different solar wind conditions and geomagnetic activity. We found significant correlations between solar wind parameters, geomagnetic activity (Kp index), and the O+ outflow. From these studies, we suggested that O+ ions observed in the plasma mantle and cusp have enough energy and velocity to escape the magnetosphere and be lost into the solar wind or in the distant magnetotail. Thus, this study aims to investigate where the ions observed in the plasma mantle end up. In order to answer this question, we numerically calculate the trajectories of O+ ions using a tracing code to further test this assumption and determine the fate of the observed ions. Our code consists of a magnetic field model (Tsyganenko T96) and an ionospheric potential model (Weimer 2001) in which particles initiated in the plasma mantle region are launched and traced forward in time. We analysed 131 observations of plasma mantle events in Cluster data between 2001 and 2007, and for each event 200 O+ particles were launched with an initial thermal and parallel bulk velocity corresponding to the velocities observed by Cluster. After the tracing, we found that 98 % of the particles are lost into the solar wind or in the distant tail. Out of these 98 %, 20 % escape via the dayside magnetosphere.

The role of dayside merging in generating the ionospheric potential during the Whole Heliospheric Interval

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.E. Lopez ◽  
S.K. Bhattarai ◽  
R. Bruntz ◽  
K. Pham ◽  
M. Wiltberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionospheric Potential
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