scholarly journals The Equilibrium Climate Response to Sulfur Dioxide and Carbonaceous Aerosol Emissions From East and Southeast Asia

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin S. Grandey ◽  
Lik Khian Yeo ◽  
Hsiang‐He Lee ◽  
Chien Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosol ◽  
Climate Response ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
Aerosol Emissions ◽  
Equilibrium Climate Response

scholarly journals Connecting regional aerosol emissions reductions to local and remote precipitation responses

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Westervelt ◽  
Andrew J. Conley ◽  
Arlene M. Fiore ◽  
Jean-François Lamarque ◽  
Drew T. Shindell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosol ◽  
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory ◽  
Emissions Reductions ◽  
Control Simulation ◽  
Precipitation Response ◽  
Aerosol Emissions

Abstract. The unintended climatic implications of aerosol and precursor emission reductions implemented to protect public health are poorly understood. We investigate the precipitation response to regional changes in aerosol emissions using three coupled chemistry-climate models: NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Coupled Model 3 (GFDL-CM3), NCAR Community Earth System Model (CESM1), and NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE2 (GISS-E2). Our approach contrasts a long present-day control simulation from each model (up to 400 years with perpetual year 2000 or 2005 emissions) with fourteen individual aerosol emissions perturbation simulations (160–240 years each). We perturb emissions of sulfur dioxide and/or carbonaceous aerosol within six world regions and assess the significance of precipitation responses relative to internal variability determined by the control simulation and across the models. Global and regional precipitation mostly increases when we reduce regional aerosol emissions in the models, with the strongest responses occurring for sulfur dioxide emissions reductions from Europe and the United States. Precipitation responses to aerosol emissions reductions are largest in the tropics and project onto the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Regressing precipitation onto an Indo-Pacific zonal sea level pressure gradient index (a proxy for ENSO) indicates that the ENSO component of the precipitation response to regional aerosol removal can be as large as 20 % of the total simulated response. Precipitation increases in the Sahel in response to aerosol reductions in remote regions because an anomalous interhemispheric temperature gradient alters the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). This mechanism holds across multiple aerosol reduction simulations and models.

scholarly journals Connecting regional aerosol emissions reductions to local and remote precipitation responses

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 12461-12475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel M. Westervelt ◽  
Andrew J. Conley ◽  
Arlene M. Fiore ◽  
Jean-François Lamarque ◽  
Drew T. Shindell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Carbonaceous Aerosol ◽  
Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory ◽  
Emissions Reductions ◽  
Control Simulation ◽  
Precipitation Response ◽  
Aerosol Emissions

Abstract. The unintended climatic implications of aerosol and precursor emission reductions implemented to protect public health are poorly understood. We investigate the precipitation response to regional changes in aerosol emissions using three coupled chemistry–climate models: NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory Coupled Model 3 (GFDL-CM3), NCAR Community Earth System Model (CESM1), and NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies ModelE2 (GISS-E2). Our approach contrasts a long present-day control simulation from each model (up to 400 years with perpetual year 2000 or 2005 emissions) with 14 individual aerosol emissions perturbation simulations (160–240 years each). We perturb emissions of sulfur dioxide and/or carbonaceous aerosol within six world regions and assess the significance of precipitation responses relative to internal variability determined by the control simulation and across the models. Global and regional precipitation mostly increases when we reduce regional aerosol emissions in the models, with the strongest responses occurring for sulfur dioxide emissions reductions from Europe and the United States. Precipitation responses to aerosol emissions reductions are largest in the tropics and project onto the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Regressing precipitation onto an Indo-Pacific zonal sea level pressure gradient index (a proxy for ENSO) indicates that the ENSO component of the precipitation response to regional aerosol removal can be as large as 20 % of the total simulated response. Precipitation increases in the Sahel in response to aerosol reductions in remote regions because an anomalous interhemispheric temperature gradient alters the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). This mechanism holds across multiple aerosol reduction simulations and models.

Book Reviews

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 251-292
Author(s):  
Tor A. Åfarli ◽  
Jarosław Jakielaszek ◽  
Iwona Witczak-Plisiecka ◽  
Wiktor Pskit ◽  
Jolanta Szpyra-Kozłowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
English Language ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
East And Southeast Asia ◽  
Adverbial Modification ◽  
Secondary Predication ◽  
Oxford University Press

Nikolaus P. Himmelmann, Eva F. Schultze-Berndt (eds), Secondary Predication and Adverbial Modification: The Typology of Depictives, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. xxv + 448 pages Edward L. Keenan, Edward P. Stabler, Bare Grammar: Lectures on Linguistic Invariants. Stanford: CSLI Publications, 2003. 192 pp. Siobhan Chapman, Thinking about Language. Theories of English. Houndsmills and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006. X + 174 pages. pb (Series: Perspectives on the English Language) Judith Rodby, W. Ross Winterowd, The Uses of Grammar, Oxford: Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 2005. xiv + 274 pp. Laura J. Downing, Alan T. Hall and Renate Raffelsiefen (eds), Paradigms in Phonological Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. 349 pages. Max W. Wheeler, The Phonology of Catalan. (The Phonology of the World’s Languages). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. XI + 387 pp. Jan-Olof Svantesson, Anna Tsendina, Anastasia Karlson, and Vivan Franzén, The Phonology of Mongolian. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. Pp. xix + 314. Cliff Goddard, The Languages of East and Southeast Asia. An Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005. pp. xvi + 315.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document