scholarly journals A Tenuous Lunar Ionosphere in the Geomagnetic Tail

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (18) ◽  
pp. 9450-9459
Author(s):  
J. S. Halekas ◽  
A. R. Poppe ◽  
Y. Harada ◽  
J. W. Bonnell ◽  
R. E. Ergun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Tail ◽  
Lunar Ionosphere

scholarly journals Detection of the Lunar Surface Soil Permittivity with Megahertz Electromagnetic Wave

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2466
Author(s):  
Qingwen Rao ◽  
Guanjun Xu ◽  
Wangchen Mao
Keyword(s):  
Lunar Surface ◽  
Scattering Theory ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Stable Phase ◽  
Em Scattering ◽  
Lunar Dust ◽  
Lunar Ionosphere ◽  
Spaceborne Radar ◽  
Reflection Characteristics

In this paper, the detection of the lunar surface soil permittivity with megahertz electromagnetic (EM) waves by spaceborne radar is studied based on the EM scattering theory, the Boltzmann–Shukla equations, and the improved scattering matrix method (ISMM). The reflection characteristics of the lunar surface soil subject to megahertz waves are analyzed through the EM scattering theory and expressed by the lunar surface soil permittivity. Then, the lunar ionosphere is assumed to be composed of dusty plasma, and its EM characteristics are described with the Boltzmann–Shukla equations. Finally, the transmission and reflection characteristics of the propagation of EM waves in the lunar ionosphere are numerically calculated with ISMM. Thus, the complex permittivity of lunar surface soil is obtained. In addition, the effects of detection environment situations, such as the lunar illumination intensity, characteristics of the lunar dust and dust charging process in the lunar ionosphere, on the amplitude and phase of EM waves are also investigated in this study. The simulation results show that an EM wave at a high frequency induces a strong effective wave with a stable phase shift and a significantly small interferential wave. Moreover, the lunar illumination is more effective under EM waves in low frequency bands; the characteristics of the lunar dust have a notable influence on the transmission and absorption coefficients of the effective waves. These conclusions help in real applications involving the detection of the lunar surface soil permittivity by spaceborne radar in various lunar environments.

Magnetic and electric field waves in slow shocks of the distant geomagnetic tail: ISEE 3 observations

1994 ◽  
Vol 99 (A6) ◽  
pp. 11251 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. V. Coroniti ◽  
S. L. Moses ◽  
E. W. Greenstadt ◽  
B. T. Tsurutani ◽  
E. J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Geomagnetic Tail

Observation of ionospheric oxygen in the geomagnetic tail by ISEE-2

1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Formisano ◽  
S. Orsini ◽  
M. Candidi
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Tail

scholarly journals The Acceleration of Outer-Belt Electrons by Localized Electric Fields

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-482
Author(s):  
A. P. Kropotkin
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Relativistic Electrons ◽  
Strong Component ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Energetic Electrons ◽  
Geomagnetic Tail ◽  
Night Side ◽  
Bursty Bulk Flows

Abstract To explain the populations of the outer-belt energetic electrons, including relativistic electrons, that sporadically appear in the magnetosphere, a mechanism was proposed long ago for the acceleration of those electrons by short-term bursts of the electric field, which appear on the night side during substorm disturbances (Kropotkin, 1996). This mechanism can be substantially specified if the modern concepts of bursty bulk flows in the geomagnetic tail, the occurrence of dipolarization fronts, and the excitation of localized field-aligned-resonant poloidal Alfvén oscillations involving a strong component of the electric field in the dawn-dusk direction are taken into account.

scholarly journals MHD-waves in the geomagnetic tail: A review

10.12737/7168 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Анатолий Леонович ◽  
Anatoliy Leonovich ◽  
Виталий Мазур ◽  
Vitaliy Mazur ◽  
Даниил Козлов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Models ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Mhd Waves ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Geomagnetic Tail ◽  
Magnetopause Oscillations ◽  
Experimental And Theoretical Studies ◽  
Theoretical Results

This article presents the review of experimental and theoretical studies on ultra-low-frequency MHD oscillations of the geomagnetic tail. We consider the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability at the magnetopause, oscillations with a discrete spectrum in the “magic frequencies” range, the ballooning instability of coupled Alfvén and slow magnetosonic waves, and “flapping” oscillations of the current sheet of the geomagnetic tail. Over the last decade, observations from THEMIS, CLUSTER and Double Star satellites have been of great importance for experimental studies. The use of several spacecraft allows us to study the structure of MHD oscillations with high spatial resolution. Due to this, we can make a detailed comparison between theoretical results and those obtained from multi-spacecraft studies. To make such comparisons in theoretical studies, in turn, we have to use the numerical models closest to the real magnetosphere.

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