scholarly journals Outgassing of Mantle Volatiles in Compressional Tectonic Regime Away From Volcanism: The Role of Continental Delamination

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 2007-2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Caracausi ◽  
Attilio Sulli
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Regime ◽  
Mantle Volatiles

Geochemical composition of Casaglia geothermal fluids and its relationships with the tectonic regime (Emilia-Romagna Region, Italy) 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Balzan ◽  
Antonio Caracausi ◽  
Giacomo Ferretti ◽  
Anna Saroni ◽  
Giovanni Martinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal State ◽  
Sedimentary Cover ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
Geochemical Composition ◽  
Tectonic Regime ◽  
Geothermal Fluids ◽  
Active Tectonic

<p>In this study the geochemical composition of the fluids belonging to the geothermic reservoir of Casaglia is presented. The site is located few kilometers northward of Ferrara, probably the only city in Italy whose heating system is fed by the geothermal heat near the top of the Dorsale Ferrarese, a structural anticline raising the Mesozoic limestones up to few hundred meters below the surface. Measurements of the chemical and isotopic composition of the gas phase (e.g., CO<sub>2</sub> and noble gas) were carried out, together with a full characterization of the physico-chemical parameters and the chemistry of the water phase.</p><p>Fluids derive from a well at a depth of about 322+15meters and the temperature of the emerging water is of 78,6 °C, pH of 6.29 and Eh of -470 mV. Salinity is up to 115.6 mS/cm with a TDS varying between 71024 mg/L and 73718 mg/L. The hydrochemical facies is identified as clorurato-alkaline and the Cl/Br ratio suggest mixing with fossil brines. dD and d<sup>18</sup>O vary from 4.70 to 5.02 and from -12.0 to -12.2 respectively. The volatile phase is mainly composed of N<sub>2</sub> (24.9-40.5 %),<sub></sub>CH<sub>4</sub> (21.1-29.5 %) and CO<sub>2</sub> (37.1-18.6 %), with d<sup>13</sup>C(CO<sub>2</sub>), d<sup>13</sup>C(CH<sub>4</sub>) and dD(CH<sub>4</sub>) varying from -4.4 to -3.7 ‰, from -41.7 to 41.2 ‰ and from -152 to -171 ‰, respectively.  The He amounts are extraordinary high (up to 3956 ppm)  with a <sup>3</sup>He/<sup>4</sup>He of 0.02Ra unequivocally pointing to a crustal origin (e.g., Caracausi & Sulli, 2019). The <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>36</sup>Ar ratios span the range 300-374, being very close to the same ratio in atmosphere.</p><p>Such high He concentration cannot be explained by a simple steady-state crustal degassing, taking into account the Th and U contents of the sedimentary cover and the metamorphic basement (Coltorti et al. 2011) which lead also to consider that the thermal state of the Casaglia reservoir involve the entire crustal thickness and not only the Mesozoic carbonate succession that hosts the reservoir itself.</p><p>It is inferred that under an active tectonic regime, as it is that where Casaglia is located, the formation of micro-fracturation, due to the field of stress generated by the local seismicity, increases the He release from the rocks and can contribute to the observed He excess in the geothermal reservoirs (e.g., Buttitta et al., 2020). In this respect, the fault system of Dorsale Ferrarese contributes to generate a preferential pathway for rising fluids with consequent mixing phenomena and provides a reasonable explanation about the presence of this high He content in the reservoir.</p><p>References:</p><p>Buttitta D. et al. (2020). Continental degassing of helium in an active tectonic setting (northern Italy): the role of seismicity. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 1–13.</p><p>Caracausi A. & Sulli A. (2019). Outgassing of Mantle Volatiles in Compressional Tectonic Regime Away From Volcanism: The Role of Continental Delamination. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 20(4), 2007–2020.</p><p>Coltorti M. et al. 2011. U and Th content in the Central Apennines continental crust: a contribution to the determination of the geo-neutrinos flux at LNGS. Geoch. Cosmoch. Acta 75, 2271-2294.</p>

Brittle Deformation and Neotectonics of the Serra da Cantareira Ridge, Pico do Jaraguá Hill, and Perus Region – Southeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Pinheiro ◽  
Paola Cianfarra
Keyword(s):  
Structural Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tectonic Activity ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Brittle Deformation ◽  
Stress Regime ◽  
Tectonic Regime ◽  
Neotectonic Activity ◽  
Other Hand

<p>Classical geomorphological and geological researches state that the Brazilian landscapes are mostly influenced by the old tectonics (Pre Cenozoic), considering that such region is currently far away from the South America plate border, where seismic activity is higher. On the other hand, recent studies are pointing out present-day tectonic activity in the southeast Brazil thus revealing that Neotectonics, the tectonic regime acting since Neogene, has an important role on the evolution of the Brazilian landforms, including the Continental Rift of Southeastern Brazil, which comprises a set of 900 km length of ENE-WSW tectonic lines and tertiary basins. However, information about Neotectonic activity in the nearby zones of the rift are still missing, such as in the Serra da Cantareira Ridge, Pico do Jaraguá Hill and Perus region, both of them characterized by outcrops of Pre Cambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks. In this way, the objective of this research is to study the brittle deformation of these areas in order to identify possible traces of Neotectonics. This young tectonic was explored through lineament domains, which were automatically detected by SID software and statistically analyzed through Daisy 3 software. In the field, 712 structural data were surveyed in 51 outcrops and cumulated into databases of the Daisy 3 software, in order to identify the main fault azimuthal trends, fault kinematics, and compute the paleostresses. The lineament analysis show the presence of a principal E-W lineament domain, coincident and possibly related to an old (Neoproterozoic), shear zone probably reactivated in the current tectonic regime.  The field data indicate the predominance of NW-SE, E-W, and NE-SW strike-slip faults, compatible with the left and right-lateral kinematics of the E-W shear corridor. The computed paleostresses are similar to the Neotectonic stress regime identified in the surrounding areas by other researches: NE-SW compression and NW-SE extension (Neogene); Nearly N-S compression and E-W extension (Holocene). On the other hand, only some of the studied faults present evidence of Neotectonic activity. In fact, most of the surveyed faults are closed or mineral-filled, suggesting they are old or were not recently reactivated. The preliminary results of this work suggest the important role of inherited (Pre-Cambrian) crustal weakens crustal zone probably reactivated in Cenozoic and also in the Neotectonic stress regime. Further detailed studies and field surveys are still necessary to highlight the role of the current Neotectonic regime on the present-day Brazilian landscape as well as to better define the geographic extent and location of the E-W shear corridor.</p>

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management

The power of norms to sway fused group members

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Anthropology ◽  
Normative Systems ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Group Members

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

The role of affect in feelings of obligation

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefen Beeler-Duden ◽  
Meltem Yucel ◽  
Amrisha Vaish
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Sense Of Obligation

Abstract Tomasello offers a compelling account of the emergence of humans’ sense of obligation. We suggest that more needs to be said about the role of affect in the creation of obligations. We also argue that positive emotions such as gratitude evolved to encourage individuals to fulfill cooperative obligations without the negative quality that Tomasello proposes is inherent in obligations.

Refining our understanding of the “elephant in the room”

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Whiten
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Technological Culture

Abstract The authors do the field of cultural evolution a service by exploring the role of non-social cognition in human cumulative technological culture, truly neglected in comparison with socio-cognitive abilities frequently assumed to be the primary drivers. Some specifics of their delineation of the critical factors are problematic, however. I highlight recent chimpanzee–human comparative findings that should help refine such analyses.

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