scholarly journals The Wicked Problem of Earthquake Hazard in Developing Countries

Eos ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Steckler ◽  
Seth Stein ◽  
S. Akhter ◽  
Leonardo Seeber
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Earthquake Hazard ◽  
Wicked Problem ◽  
Earthquake Preparation ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Crucial Information

Earthquake preparation in Bangladesh is a conundrum, where crucial information is missing and investments often involve painful trade-offs.

Alternatives to solve SDG trade-offs and to enforce SDG synergies: a systematic literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Boar ◽  
Erola Palau Pinyana ◽  
Marc Oliveras-Villanueva
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Trade Offs

PurposeThis paper takes a critical view of synergies and trade-offs and discloses the practices that countries and companies should apply to achieve sustainable development.Design/methodology/approachThis paper offers a systematic literature review of 408 papers to find models of sustainable development goals (SDGs) interaction with the aim of shedding light on the existing synergies and trade-offs and finding solutions to enhance these synergies and minimize the trade-offs.FindingsBoth rich and developing countries should follow multiple strategies to improve the quality of life of their citizens. Developing countries should focus on eradicating poverty. Rich countries should apply new economic models that are more likely to be environmental-friendly. Finally, the topic of SDGs should be revisited by the United Nations.Practical implicationsBoosting the quality of education and providing clean energy are two of the most relevant actions that should to be taken by countries, as they will accelerate the fulfilment of all the other SDGs. The use of circular economic models or new business models, such as the sharing economy, is essential to the achievement of sustained economic growth without negative environmental impact.Originality/valueThe paper analyzes SDG interactions and offers a critical vision of practices that countries and companies should adhere to for achieving sustainable development.

On the Theory and Evidence on Regulation of Network Industries in Developing Countries

2010 ◽  
pp. 370-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Estache ◽  
Liam Wren‐Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Ownership Structure ◽  
Regulatory Policy ◽  
Capacity Constraints ◽  
Institutional Capacity ◽  
Fiscal Sustainability ◽  
Network Industries ◽  
Regulatory Systems ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Fiscal Efficiency

The corpus of research on developing countries of the last five to ten years shows that the design of regulatory systems has to address many goals under very tight institutional capacity constraints. These goals range from standard economic concerns such as efficiency, equity, or fiscal sustainability when the networks rely heavily on subsidies to more political concerns including notably the need to ensure more accountability of the providers of the services. This article provides a brief overview of the ownership structure and organisation of regulation in developing countries. It identifies the four key institutional limitations that are found in developing countries: capacity, commitment, accountability, and fiscal efficiency. Furthermore, this article discusses their implications and the regulatory policy options available to address them. It shows some of the trade-offs and inconsistencies due to conflicts in the optimal strategy to deal with different problems. Finally, it summarises the relevant empirical results.

Trade-offs Between Defence and Education/Health Expenditures in Developing Countries

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Harris ◽  
Mark Kelly ◽  
Pranowo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Expenditures ◽  
Trade Offs

Liberalization–Goals Trade-Offs

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Cemal Atici
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Total Trade ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Agricultural Trade Liberalization ◽  
Distribution Of Income

Equity, efficiency, security and liberty are the four main policy goals in a society. This paper examines the current trade-offs of these goals with agricultural trade liberalization for developing countries. Trade liberalization may cause contradictory results for developing countries. While trade liberalization may improve the welfare of a country, the distribution of income in that country may deteriorate. Efficiency, on the other hand, is another concept that depends not only on who defines it, but also on how it is defined. Liberalized trade may increase the efficient use of resources; however, it may also harm sustainability. Free trade may pave the way for liberty; however, new regional trading blocs may curtail the free choice of states, causing greater interdependence. Trade data over recent years show a decreasing share of total trade in developing countries despite an increase in the absolute value. Thus, liberalized trade in agriculture could help developing countries to achieve these universal goals if it were accompanied by decisive reforms and supported by international consciousness.

Global Ergonomics: Design for Social Impact

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Sklar ◽  
Sally Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Design Thinking ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Design Practices ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Design Challenge ◽  
Systems View

AT A GLANCE: Design thinking can be a powerful tool in addressing the complex challenges in developing countries. When used with intention, existing design practices are a strong foundation to reach innovative solutions. Five key principles guide our work: (1) Start with empathy. (2) Design for communities. (3) Take a systems view. (4) Make appropriate trade-offs. (5) Prepare your team. Practiced well, our design process can lead us to innovations that truly meet people's needs and improve their lives. In fact, we find that as we engage our fundamental design practices in the developing world, we reinvigorate our approach to any design challenge.

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