scholarly journals Human Radio Transmissions Create Barrier to "Killer Electrons"

Eos ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
Author(s):  
JoAnna Wendel
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Radiation Belts ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
The Earth ◽  
High Energy Electrons

An interaction between radio waves and the Van Allen radiation belts creates a bubble around the Earth that high-energy electrons can't penetrate.

scholarly journals Evolution of several space weather events connected with Forbush decreases

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (S257) ◽  
pp. 57-59
Author(s):  
I. Dorotovič ◽  
K. Kudela ◽  
M. Lorenc ◽  
T. Pintér ◽  
M. Rybanský
Keyword(s):  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Forbush Decrease ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Radiation Belts ◽  
Proton Channel ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Simultaneous Decrease

AbstractIn our recent paper (Dorotovič et al. 2008a) we focused on a study of the Forbush decrease (FD) of January 17–18 and 21–22, 2005. It was shown that the corresponding recovery time can depend on the density of high-energy protons in the CME matter. In this paper we identified several additional events in the period between 1995 and 2007. We found that the majority of FDs studied is accompanied by an abrupt count increase in the proton channel P1 and by a simultaneous decrease in the channel P7 (GOES). However, the analysis of temporal evolution of all FDs did not confirm the hypothesis on different recovery time after FD as a function of the energy distribution of the particles penetrating into radiation belts of the Earth.

High energy electrons in the earth's radiation belts

1986 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 719-723
Author(s):  
S. A. Voronov ◽  
A. M. Gal'per ◽  
V. V. Dmitrenko ◽  
V. G. Kirillov-Ugryumov
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Radiation Belts ◽  
High Energy Electrons ◽  
Earth's Radiation Belts

scholarly journals Radiation Belts and Their Environment

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Hannu E. J. Koskinen ◽  
Emilia K. J. Kilpua
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Radiation Belts ◽  
Particle Interactions ◽  
Inner Magnetosphere ◽  
High Energy Electrons ◽  
Electrons And Ions

AbstractThe Van Allen radiation belts of high-energy electrons and ions, mostly protons, are embedded in the Earth’s inner magnetosphere where the geomagnetic field is close to that of a magnetic dipole. Understanding of the belts requires a thorough knowledge of the inner magnetosphere and its dynamics, the coupling of the solar wind to the magnetosphere, and wave–particle interactions in different temporal and spatial scales. In this introductory chapter we briefly describe the basic structure of the inner magnetosphere, its different plasma regions and the basics of magnetospheric activity.

Ultra Short Baseline (USBL) Calibration for Positioning of Underwater Objects

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-85
Author(s):  
Bagus Septyanto ◽  
Dian Nurdiana ◽  
Sitti Ahmiatri Saptari
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Scale Factor ◽  
Positioning System ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Short Baseline ◽  
Error Angle ◽  
Satellite Navigation System ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Underwater Positioning ◽  
Radio Signals

In general, surface positioning using a global satellite navigation system (GNSS). Many satellites transmit radio signals to the surface of the earth and it was detected by receiver sensors into a function of position and time. Radio waves really bad when spreading in water. So, the underwater positioning uses acoustic wave. One type of underwater positioning is USBL. USBL is a positioning system based on measuring the distance and angle. Based on distance and angle, the position of the target in cartesian coordinates can be calculated. In practice, the effect of ship movement is one of the factors that determine the accuracy of the USBL system. Ship movements like a pitch, roll, and orientation that are not defined by the receiver could changes the position of the target in X, Y and Z coordinates. USBL calibration is performed to detect an error angle. USBL calibration is done by two methods. In USBL calibration Single Position obtained orientation correction value is 1.13 ̊ and a scale factor is 0.99025. For USBL Quadrant calibration, pitch correction values is -1.05, Roll -0.02 ̊, Orientation 6.82 ̊ and scale factor 0.9934 are obtained. The quadrant calibration results deccrease the level of error position to 0.276 - 0.289m at a depth of 89m and 0.432m - 0.644m at a depth of 76m

scholarly journals Properties of Elementary Particle Fluxes in Primary Cosmic Rays Measured with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station

2019 ◽  
Vol 209 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Francesco Nozzoli
Keyword(s):  
Electron Flux ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Precision Measurements ◽  
High Energy Electrons ◽  
Electrons And Positrons ◽  
Positron Flux ◽  
Rigidity Dependence ◽  
Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer

Precision measurements by AMS of the fluxes of cosmic ray positrons, electrons, antiprotons, protons as well as their rations reveal several unexpected and intriguing features. The presented measurements extend the energy range of the previous observations with much increased precision. The new results show that the behavior of positron flux at around 300 GeV is consistent with a new source that produce equal amount of high energy electrons and positrons. In addition, in the absolute rigidity range 60–500 GV, the antiproton, proton, and positron fluxes are found to have nearly identical rigidity dependence and the electron flux exhibits different rigidity dependence.

scholarly journals Polar Middle Atmospheric Responses to Medium Energy Electron (MEE) Precipitation Using Numerical Model Simulations

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Ji-Hee Lee ◽  
Geonhwa Jee ◽  
Young-Sil Kwak ◽  
Heejin Hwang ◽  
Annika Seppälä ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Model ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Meridional Circulation ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Mesospheric Temperature ◽  
High Energy Electrons ◽  
Circulation Changes

Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) is known to be an important source of chemical changes in the polar middle atmosphere in winter. Recent modeling studies further suggest that chemical changes induced by EPP can also cause dynamic changes in the middle atmosphere. In this study, we investigated the atmospheric responses to the precipitation of medium-to-high energy electrons (MEEs) over the period 2005–2013 using the Specific Dynamics Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (SD-WACCM). Our results show that the MEE precipitation significantly increases the amounts of NOx and HOx, resulting in mesospheric and stratospheric ozone losses by up to 60% and 25% respectively during polar winter. The MEE-induced ozone loss generally increases the temperature in the lower mesosphere but decreases the temperature in the upper mesosphere with large year-to-year variability, not only by radiative effects but also by adiabatic effects. The adiabatic effects by meridional circulation changes may be dominant for the mesospheric temperature changes. In particular, the meridional circulation changes occasionally act in opposite ways to vary the temperature in terms of height variations, especially at around the solar minimum period with low geomagnetic activity, which cancels out the temperature changes to make the average small in the polar mesosphere for the 9-year period.

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