scholarly journals Effects of the Pacific-Japan teleconnection pattern on tropical cyclone activity and extreme precipitation events over the Korean peninsula

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (D18) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Suk Kim ◽  
Richard Cheuk-Yin Li ◽  
Wen Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Korean Peninsula ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Teleconnection Pattern ◽  
Tropical Cyclone Activity ◽  
Cyclone Activity ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Precipitation Events

scholarly journals The relationship between Pacific SSTA and Autumn Extreme Precipitation Events of China

2018 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 02056
Author(s):  
Jin-ming Chen ◽  
Shi-xiang Gu ◽  
Ru-cheng Jiang ◽  
Gui-hua Lu ◽  
Zhi-yong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Teleconnection Pattern ◽  
Subtropical High ◽  
West Pacific Ocean ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Temporal Coupling ◽  
Westerly Trough ◽  
Precipitation Events

Based on 610 Meteorological stations daily precipitation datasets in China and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis datasets and NOAA reconstruct sea surface temperature from 1960~2009, the spatial and temporal coupling relationships between the Pacific SSTA and extreme precipitation events (EPE) are analyzed by using Singular Value of Decomposition method. Moreover, possible effect mechanism of Pacific SSTA for EPE is also discussed, the results are as follows: They are remarkable relations between equator middle-east Pacific ocean (EMEPO) SSTA and EPE. In anomaly cold years of EMEPO, compel 500hPa height field to show reverse PNA teleconnection pattern, intensity of west Pacific ocean subtropical high boost down. Meanwhile North Africa subtropical high become weeker compared with the mean. The trough over East Asia is abnormally weaker, and zonal circulation prevails over Asia, which is useful for the northward motion of southwestern water vapor. Meanwhile, the 500hPa geopotential height become weeker in New Siberian, leading to development and eastward motion of westerly trough. It is useful for the southward motion of stronger cold air, which is beneficial to the interaction between cold and warm air in Huang-Huai Basin, benefit the occurrence of EPE. However, wester china influenced by western vapor transportation, and vapor divergence in these areas, not benefit the occurrence of EPE. The opposite is true with positive SSTA in EMEPO.

Wintertime Extreme Precipitation Events along the Pacific Northwest Coast: Climatology and Synoptic Evolution

2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (7) ◽  
pp. 2021-2043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Warner ◽  
Clifford F. Mass ◽  
Eric P. Salathé
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Extreme Precipitation ◽  
Precipitable Water ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Central Pacific ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Precipitation Events

Abstract Extreme precipitation events impact the Pacific Northwest during winter months, causing flooding, landslides, extensive property damage, and loss of life. Outstanding questions about such events include whether there are a range of associated synoptic evolutions, whether such evolutions vary along the coast, and the associated rainfall duration and variability. To answer these questions, this study uses 60 years of National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) daily precipitation observations to identify the top 50 events in two-day precipitation at six coastal stations from northern California to northwest Washington. NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data were used to construct synoptic composite evolutions of these events for each coastal location. Most regional flooding events are associated with precipitation periods of 24 h or less, and two-day precipitation totals identify nearly all major events. Precipitation areas of major events are generally narrow, roughly 200 km in width, and most are associated with atmospheric rivers. Composite evolutions indicate negative anomalies in sea level pressure and upper-level height in the central Pacific, high pressure anomalies over the southwest United States, large positive 850-hPa temperature anomalies along the coast and offshore, and enhanced precipitable water and integrated water vapor fluxes over southwest to northeast swaths. A small subset of extreme precipitation events over the southern portion of the domain is associated with a very different synoptic evolution: a sharp trough in northwesterly flow and post-cold-frontal convection. High precipitable water values are more frequent during the summer, but are not associated with heavy precipitation due to upper-level ridging over the eastern Pacific and weak onshore flow that limit upward vertical velocities.

scholarly journals Interannual variability of tropical cyclone activity along the Pacific coast of North America

Atmósfera ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.S. Gutzler ◽  
K.M. Wood ◽  
E.A. Ritchie ◽  
A.V. Douglas ◽  
M.D. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Tropical Cyclone Activity ◽  
Cyclone Activity ◽  
The Pacific

scholarly journals Simulation of the Global ENSO–Tropical Cyclone Teleconnection by a High-Resolution Coupled General Circulation Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (17) ◽  
pp. 6404-6422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Bell ◽  
Kevin Hodges ◽  
Pier Luigi Vidale ◽  
Jane Strachan ◽  
Malcolm Roberts
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Tropical Cyclone Activity ◽  
Cyclone Activity ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The North Atlantic

Abstract This study assesses the influence of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on global tropical cyclone activity using a 150-yr-long integration with a high-resolution coupled atmosphere–ocean general circulation model [High-Resolution Global Environmental Model (HiGEM); with N144 resolution: ~90 km in the atmosphere and ~40 km in the ocean]. Tropical cyclone activity is compared to an atmosphere-only simulation using the atmospheric component of HiGEM (HiGAM). Observations of tropical cyclones in the International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS) and tropical cyclones identified in the Interim ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-Interim) are used to validate the models. Composite anomalies of tropical cyclone activity in El Niño and La Niña years are used. HiGEM is able to capture the shift in tropical cyclone locations to ENSO in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. However, HiGEM does not capture the expected ENSO–tropical cyclone teleconnection in the North Atlantic. HiGAM shows more skill in simulating the global ENSO–tropical cyclone teleconnection; however, variability in the Pacific is overpronounced. HiGAM is able to capture the ENSO–tropical cyclone teleconnection in the North Atlantic more accurately than HiGEM. An investigation into the large-scale environmental conditions, known to influence tropical cyclone activity, is used to further understand the response of tropical cyclone activity to ENSO in the North Atlantic and western North Pacific. The vertical wind shear response over the Caribbean is not captured in HiGEM compared to HiGAM and ERA-Interim. Biases in the mean ascent at 500 hPa in HiGEM remain in HiGAM over the western North Pacific; however, a more realistic low-level vorticity in HiGAM results in a more accurate ENSO–tropical cyclone teleconnection.

Trace metal variability in Puerto Rican speleothems and drip waters: Indicators for (past) tropical cyclone activity?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Warken ◽  
Norbert Frank ◽  
Nils Schorndorf ◽  
Aaron Mielke ◽  
Lea Kuchalski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Precipitation Amount ◽  
Tropical Cyclone Activity ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Cyclone Activity ◽  
Climate Signal ◽  
Extreme Precipitation Events ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Metal Ratios

<p>In the tropical Americas, extreme precipitation events such as hurricanes are responsible for enormous damage and numerous fatalities each year. However, projections of hydro-climatic change and tropical cyclone (TC) activity in Central America and the Caribbean for the next decades are still challenging, requiring more reconstructions of past precipitation and TC activity. In tropical speleothems, stable oxygen isotope values (δ<sup>18</sup>O) are an often used proxy for precipitation amount, and in some cases TC activity, but may be masked by various effects such as evaporation or kinetic effects inside the cave, temperature, or variable moisture sources and trajectories.</p><p>Here we investigate the potential of trace metals in speleothems and drip waters from Larga Cave, Puerto Rico, as complementary proxies for past effective infiltration, and hence precipitation amount. The analysis of transition metal ratios in drip waters from 2014 to 2019 reveal a seasonal variation, with peaks in the Cu/Ni (and Cu/Co) ratios potentially reflecting the intensity of the prior wet season. The suggested imprint of Hurricanes Bertha (2014) and Maria (2017) in the drip water suggests that transition metal ratios might be even indicators of (past) tropical cyclone activity.</p><p>Laser ablation ICPMS analyses of speleothems from the same cave support the interpretation of a potential climate signal in the transition metal ratios. Both higher Cu/Ni and Cu/Co values are found during presumably warmer and wetter phases, such as e.g. during the late Holocene, as well as at the onsets of Dansgaard/Oeschger interstadials including the Bolling/Allerod (14.6-12.8 ka BP). Replicated records of the past 400 years combined with stable isotope values of oxygen and carbon (δ<sup>13</sup>C) will provide a test of the underlying mechanisms driving the observed variability on different timescales. Comparison with other reconstructions highlights the potential of Cu/Ni (and Cu/Co) ratios in speleothems for hydro-climate and past precipitation variability reconstruction.</p>

Intraseasonal Variability of the West African Monsoon and Atlantic ITCZ

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 2898-2918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric D. Maloney ◽  
Jeffrey Shaman
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
West African Monsoon ◽  
Precipitation Variability ◽  
Tropical Cyclone Activity ◽  
Cyclone Activity ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Atlantic Itcz ◽  
Precipitation Events

Abstract Intraseasonal variability of boreal summer rainfall and winds in tropical West Africa and the east Atlantic is examined using daily Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) precipitation and the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis during 1998–2006. Intraseasonal precipitation variability is dominated by two significant spectral peaks at time scales near 15 and 50 days, accompanied by corresponding peaks in eddy kinetic energy (EKE) and eddy enstrophy. Regional precipitation variability on 30–90-day time scales is significantly correlated (+0.6) with a global Madden–Julian oscillation time series based on equatorial zonal winds, supporting the results of A. J. Matthews. The overall amplitude of the 30–90-day West African monsoon precipitation variability during a given summer, however, does not appear to be strongly regulated by interannual variability in MJO amplitude. Composite analysis and complex empirical orthogonal function analysis shows that 30–90-day precipitation anomalies are generally zonally elongated, grow and decay in place, and have maximum amplitude near the Gulf of Guinea and in the Atlantic ITCZ. Composite 30–90-day enhanced precipitation events are accompanied by a significant suppression of eastern North Atlantic trade winds. Suppressed 30–90-day precipitation events are associated with an enhancement of the Atlantic trade winds. Enhanced (suppressed) EKE occurs just to the north of the east Atlantic ITCZ during positive (negative) 30–90-day precipitation events, with the maximum EKE magnitude lagging precipitation events by about 5 days. East Atlantic tropical cyclone activity is significantly modulated on intraseasonal time scales. The number of tropical cyclones that occur in the Atlantic’s main development region to the east of 60°W is suppressed about 5–10 days before maxima in a regional intraseasonal precipitation time series, and enhanced about 5–10 days after time series maxima. An analysis of east Atlantic tropical cyclone activity based on an equatorial MJO index produces similar results. Consistent with the results of K. C. Mo, variations in vertical shear may help explain this modulation of tropical cyclone activity.

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