scholarly journals Evaluation and control mechanisms of volume and freshwater export through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago in a high-resolution pan-Arctic ice-ocean model

2012 ◽  
Vol 117 (C8) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy McGeehan ◽  
Wieslaw Maslowski
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Ocean Model ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Canadian Arctic Archipelago ◽  
Freshwater Export ◽  
Arctic Ice ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Landfast ice thickness in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago from observations and models

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1463-1475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen E. L. Howell ◽  
Frédéric Laliberté ◽  
Ron Kwok ◽  
Chris Derksen ◽  
Joshua King
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Ocean Modeling ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Canadian Arctic Archipelago ◽  
Coupled Models ◽  
Ocean Reanalysis ◽  
Landfast Ice ◽  
Thickness Variability ◽  
Arctic Ice

Abstract. Observed and modelled landfast ice thickness variability and trends spanning more than 5 decades within the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) are summarized. The observed sites (Cambridge Bay, Resolute, Eureka and Alert) represent some of the Arctic's longest records of landfast ice thickness. Observed end-of-winter (maximum) trends of landfast ice thickness (1957–2014) were statistically significant at Cambridge Bay (−4.31 ± 1.4 cm decade−1), Eureka (−4.65 ± 1.7 cm decade−1) and Alert (−4.44  ± 1.6 cm −1) but not at Resolute. Over the 50+-year record, the ice thinned by  ∼ 0.24–0.26 m at Cambridge Bay, Eureka and Alert with essentially negligible change at Resolute. Although statistically significant warming in spring and fall was present at all sites, only low correlations between temperature and maximum ice thickness were present; snow depth was found to be more strongly associated with the negative ice thickness trends. Comparison with multi-model simulations from Coupled Model Intercomparison project phase 5 (CMIP5), Ocean Reanalysis Intercomparison (ORA-IP) and Pan-Arctic Ice-Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System (PIOMAS) show that although a subset of current generation models have a "reasonable" climatological representation of landfast ice thickness and distribution within the CAA, trends are unrealistic and far exceed observations by up to 2 orders of magnitude. ORA-IP models were found to have positive correlations between temperature and ice thickness over the CAA, a feature that is inconsistent with both observations and coupled models from CMIP5.

scholarly journals Assimilating Copernicus SST Data into a Pan-Arctic Ice–Ocean Coupled Model with a Local SEIK Filter

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1985-1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Liang ◽  
Qinghua Yang ◽  
Lars Nerger ◽  
Svetlana N. Losa ◽  
Biao Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Arctic Basin ◽  
Beaufort Sea ◽  
Canadian Arctic Archipelago ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Sea Ice Concentration ◽  
Sea Ice Thickness ◽  
Arctic Ice

AbstractSea surface temperature (SST) data from the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service are assimilated into a pan-Arctic ice–ocean coupled model using the ensemble-based local singular evolutive interpolated Kalman (LSEIK) filter. This study found that the SST deviation between model hindcasts and independent SST observations is reduced by the assimilation. Compared with model results without data assimilation, the deviation between the model hindcasts and independent SST observations has decreased by up to 0.2°C at the end of summer. The strongest SST improvements are located in the Greenland Sea, the Beaufort Sea, and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. The SST assimilation also changes the sea ice concentration (SIC). Improvements of the ice concentrations are found in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, the Beaufort Sea, and the central Arctic basin, while negative effects occur in the west area of the eastern Siberian Sea and the Laptev Sea. Also, sea ice thickness (SIT) benefits from ensemble SST assimilation. A comparison with upward-looking sonar observations reveals that hindcasts of SIT are improved in the Beaufort Sea by assimilating reliable SST observations into light ice areas. This study illustrates the advantages of assimilating SST observations into an ice–ocean coupled model system and suggests that SST assimilation can improve SIT hindcasts regionally during the melting season.

scholarly journals Landfast ice thickness in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago from Observations and Models

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen E. L. Howell ◽  
Frédéric Laliberté ◽  
Ron Kwok ◽  
Chris Derksen ◽  
Joshua King
Keyword(s):  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Ocean Modeling ◽  
Ice Thickness ◽  
Canadian Arctic Archipelago ◽  
Coupled Models ◽  
Ocean Reanalysis ◽  
Landfast Ice ◽  
Thickness Variability ◽  
Arctic Ice

Abstract. Observed and modelled landfast ice thickness variability and trends spanning more than five decades within the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) are summarized. The observed sites (Cambridge Bay, Resolute, Eureka and Alert) represent some of the Arctic's longest records of landfast ice thickness. Observed end-of-winter (maximum) trends of landfast ice thickness (1957–2014) were statistically significant at Cambridge Bay (−4.31 ± 1.4 cm decade-1), Eureka (−4.65 ± 1.7 cm decade-1) and Alert (−4.44 ± 1.6 cm decade-1) but not at Resolute. Over the 50+ year record, the ice thinned by ~ 0.24–0.26 m at Cambridge Bay, Eureka and Alert with essentially negligible change at Resolute. Although statistically significant warming in spring and fall was present at all sites, only low correlations between temperature and maximum ice thickness were present; snow depth was found to be more strongly associated with the negative ice thickness trends. Comparison with multi-model simulations from Coupled Model Intercomparison project phase 5 (CMIP5), Ocean Reanalysis Intercomparison (ORA-IP) and Pan-Arctic Ice-Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System (PIOMAS) show that although a subset of current generation models have a "reasonable" climatological representation of landfast ice thickness and distribution within the CAA, trends are unrealistic and far exceed observations by up to two magnitudes. ORA-IP models were found to have positive correlations between temperature and ice thickness over the CAA, a feature that is inconsistent with both observations and coupled models from CMIP5.

Sea Disposal of Sludge – The U.K. Experience

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh Fish
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
And Control

A broad summary is made of the U.K. experience in sea-disposal of sewage sludge, embracing operations and effects, and control mechanisms, at disposal authority, national and international levels. The conclusion is reached that U.K. practice, while not perfect and in need of more research, is satisfactory and could be extended without causing environmental damage.

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