Application and validation of the spherical elementary currents systems technique for deriving ionospheric equivalent currents with the North American and Greenland ground magnetometer arrays

2011 ◽  
Vol 116 (A3) ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. Weygand ◽  
Olaf Amm ◽  
A. Viljanen ◽  
V. Angelopoulos ◽  
D. Murr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
The North ◽  
Magnetometer Arrays ◽  
Equivalent Currents

1588: The Bicalutamide Early Prostate Cancer Program: Findings of the North American Trial at 7.7 Years' Median Follow-Up

2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4S) ◽  
pp. 511-512
Author(s):  
David G. McLeod ◽  
Ira Klimberg ◽  
Donald Gleason ◽  
Gerald Chodak ◽  
Thomas Morris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
North American ◽  
Early Prostate Cancer ◽  
The North ◽  
Cancer Program

Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery Practice Patterns: Survey of the North American Skull Base Society

2013 ◽  
Vol 74 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pete Batra ◽  
Jivianne Lee ◽  
Samuel Barnett ◽  
Brent Senior ◽  
Michael Setzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skull Base ◽  
North American ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Skull Base Surgery ◽  
Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery ◽  
The North

Transactions in science in comparative perspective

2018 ◽  
pp. 52-69
Author(s):  
A. N. Oleinik
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Academic Freedom ◽  
North American ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Scientific Productivity ◽  
Institutional Environments ◽  
Academic Administrator ◽  
The North ◽  
American Case ◽  
Transactional Approach

The article develops a transactional approach to studying science. Two concepts play a particularly important role: the institutional environment of science and scientific transaction. As an example, the North-American and Russian institutional environments of science are compared. It is shown that structures of scientific transactions (between peers, between the scholar and the academic administrator, between the professor and the student), transaction costs and the scope of academic freedom differ in these two cases. Transaction costs are non-zero in both cases, however. At the same time, it is hypothesized that a greater scope of academic freedom in the North American case may be a factor contributing to a higher scientific productivity.

Evaluating hardness and the S-test

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-169
Author(s):  
Doug Cash ◽  
Benjamin Frank
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Load Curve ◽  
Permanent Damage ◽  
Additional Load ◽  
The North ◽  
Complete Failure

The corrugated industry typically quantifies crush resistance using the Concora corrugated medium test (CMT) on fluted medium or flat crush on combined board. These tests compress the materials until the point of complete failure of the flutes. Combined board elastically resists crushing forces until a certain point, the hardness of the structure, while additional load causes permanent damage and deformation. This study investigates how hardness can be measured directly from a load curve collected during CMT (or flat crush) testing and how it varies throughout the North American paper supply. It also explores how hardness correlates with the values obtained from the newly developed S-test. This new test method deserves further study as a potentially more appropriate specification for crush resistance of corrugated medium.

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