scholarly journals Impacts of future climate change on soil frost in the midwestern United States

2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (D8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushar Sinha ◽  
Keith A. Cherkauer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Soil Frost ◽  
Midwestern United States

scholarly journals The Response of surface ozone to climate change over the Eastern United States

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 9867-9897 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Racherla ◽  
P. J. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Ozone Episodes

Abstract. We examined the response of surface ozone to future climate change over the eastern United States by performing simulations corresponding to present (1990s) and future (2050s) climates using an integrated model of global climate, tropospheric gas-phase chemistry, and aerosols. A future climate has been imposed using ocean boundary conditions corresponding to the IPCC SRES A2 scenario for the 2050 s decade, resulting in an increase in the global annual-average surface air temperature by 1.7°C, with a 1.4°C increase over the surface layer of the eastern United States. Present-day anthropogenic emissions and CO2/CH4 mixing ratios have been used in both simulations while climate-sensitive natural emissions were allowed to vary with the simulated climate. There is practically zero change in the spatiotemporally averaged ozone mixing ratios predicted over the eastern United States. However, the severity and frequency of ozone episodes over the eastern United States increased due to future climate change, primarily as a result of increased ozone chemical production due to increased natural isoprene emissions. The 95th percentile ozone mixing ratio increased by 5 ppbv and the largest frequency increase occured in the 80–90 ppbv range. The most substantial and statistically significant (p-value <0.05) increases in episode frequency occurred over the southeast and midatlantic United States, largely as a result of 20% higher annual-average natural isoprene emissions. Increased chemical production and shorter average lifetime are consistent features of the predicted seasonal surface ozone response, with the former's magnitude for a location largely a function of increased natural isoprene emissions, and the latter largely due to faster dry deposition removal rates. Future climate change is also predicted to lengthen the ozone season over the eastern United States to include late spring and early fall. Significant interannual variability is observed in the frequency of ozone episodes and we find that it is necessary to utilize 5 years or more of simulation data in order to separate the effects of interannual variability and climate change on ozone episodes.

scholarly journals Impacts of future climate change and emissions reductions on nitrogen and sulfur deposition over the United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Efthimios Tagaris ◽  
Kuo-Jen Liao ◽  
Kasemsan Manomaiphiboon ◽  
Jung-Hun Woo ◽  
Shan He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Sulfur Deposition ◽  
Emissions Reductions

scholarly journals Modeling the potential impacts of climate change on the water table level of selected forested wetlands in the southeastern United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 6289-6305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhu ◽  
Ge Sun ◽  
Wenhong Li ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Guofang Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Forested Wetlands ◽  
Wildlife Habitat ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Southeastern Us

Abstract. The southeastern United States hosts extensive forested wetlands, providing ecosystem services including carbon sequestration, water quality improvement, groundwater recharge, and wildlife habitat. However, these wetland ecosystems are dependent on local climate and hydrology, and are therefore at risk due to climate and land use change. This study develops site-specific empirical hydrologic models for five forested wetlands with different characteristics by analyzing long-term observed meteorological and hydrological data. These wetlands represent typical cypress ponds/swamps, Carolina bays, pine flatwoods, drained pocosins, and natural bottomland hardwood ecosystems. The validated empirical models are then applied at each wetland to predict future water table changes using climate projections from 20 general circulation models (GCMs) participating in Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project 5 (CMIP5) under the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. We show that combined future changes in precipitation and potential evapotranspiration would significantly alter wetland hydrology including groundwater dynamics by the end of the 21st century. Compared to the historical period, all five wetlands are predicted to become drier over time. The mean water table depth is predicted to drop by 4 to 22 cm in response to the decrease in water availability (i.e., precipitation minus potential evapotranspiration) by the year 2100. Among the five examined wetlands, the depressional wetland in hot and humid Florida appears to be most vulnerable to future climate change. This study provides quantitative information on the potential magnitude of wetland hydrological response to future climate change in typical forested wetlands in the southeastern US.

scholarly journals ESTIMATES OF CHANGES IN COUNTY-LEVEL HOUSING PRICES IN THE UNITED STATES UNDER SCENARIOS OF FUTURE CLIMATE CHANGE

2014 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 1450009
Author(s):  
FRANCES SUSSMAN ◽  
BANSARI SAHA ◽  
BRITTA G. BIERWAGEN ◽  
CHRISTOPHER P. WEAVER ◽  
WILL COOPER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Price Change ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Climate Scenarios ◽  
Amenity Value

Climate in a given location influences people's housing decisions, and changes in climate may affect these decisions in ways that alter our understanding of desirable locations. This study examines the potential sensitivity of future housing prices in the United States to changes in temperature, precipitation, and humidity by developing a hedonic regression model of the relationship between climate variables and housing prices and exploring implications of different climate futures for the amenity value of climate in these prices. The model shows a significant relationship between housing prices in urban areas and certain climate variables. The study then examines the sensitivity of the amenity value of climate to future climate scenarios. Results suggest that, nationally, climate change represents a disamenity, particularly in central-to-southeastern states. However, detailed housing prices vary spatially and among scenarios. Seasonal variation in temperature, including the relative magnitudes of the change in January and July temperatures, is a key determinant of housing price change, contributing to variation across both climate scenarios and geographic location.

scholarly journals Impacts of oak pollen on allergic asthma in the United States and potential influence of future climate change

GeoHealth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan C. Anenberg ◽  
Kate R. Weinberger ◽  
Henry Roman ◽  
James E. Neumann ◽  
Allison Crimmins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Potential Influence ◽  
Oak Pollen

Sensitivity of air quality to potential future climate change and emissions in the United States and major cities

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 552-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Trail ◽  
A.P. Tsimpidi ◽  
P. Liu ◽  
K. Tsigaridis ◽  
J. Rudokas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change

scholarly journals The response of surface ozone to climate change over the Eastern United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 871-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Racherla ◽  
P. J. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
Primary Standard ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Ipcc Sres

Abstract. We investigate the response of surface ozone (O3) to future climate change in the eastern United States by performing simulations corresponding to present (1990s) and future (2050s) climates using an integrated model of global climate, tropospheric gas-phase chemistry, and aerosols. A future climate has been imposed using ocean boundary conditions corresponding to the IPCC SRES A2 scenario for the 2050s decade. Present-day anthropogenic emissions and CO2/CH4 mixing ratios have been used in both simulations while climate-sensitive emissions were allowed to vary with the simulated climate. The severity and frequency of O3 episodes in the eastern U.S. increased due to future climate change, primarily as a result of increased O3 chemical production. The 95th percentile O3 mixing ratio increased by 5 ppbv and the largest frequency increase occured in the 80–90 ppbv range; the US EPA's current 8-h ozone primary standard is 80 ppbv. The increased O3 chemical production is due to increases in: 1) natural isoprene emissions; 2) hydroperoxy radical concentrations resulting from increased water vapor concentrations; and, 3) NOx concentrations resulting from reduced PAN. The most substantial and statistically significant (p<0.05) increases in episode frequency occurred over the southeast and midatlantic U.S., largely as a result of 20% higher annual-average natural isoprene emissions. These results suggest a lengthening of the O3 season over the eastern U.S. in a future climate to include late spring and early fall months. Increased chemical production and shorter average lifetime are two consistent features of the seasonal response of surface O3, with increased dry deposition loss rates contributing most to the reduced lifetime in all seasons except summer. Significant interannual variability is observed in the frequency of O3 episodes and we find that it is necessary to utilize 5 years or more of simulation data in order to separate the effects of interannual variability and climate change on O3 episodes in the eastern United States.

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