scholarly journals Inelastic off-fault response and three-dimensional dynamics of earthquake rupture on a strike-slip fault

2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (B4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Ma ◽  
D. J. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Strike Slip Fault ◽  
Earthquake Rupture ◽  
Dynamics Of Earthquake Rupture

Linking dynamic earthquake rupture to tsunami modeling for the Húsavík-Flatey transform fault system in North Iceland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Kutschera ◽  
Sara Aniko Wirp ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
Alice-Agnes Gabriel ◽  
Benedikt Halldórsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strike Slip ◽  
Strike Slip Fault ◽  
Fault System ◽  
Deformation Pattern ◽  
Tsunami Modeling ◽  
Earthquake Rupture ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Fault Systems ◽  
Complex Fault ◽  
The Impact

<p>Earthquake generated tsunamis are generally associated with large submarine events on dip-slip faults, in particular on subduction zone megathrusts (Bilek and Lay, 2018). Submerged ruptures across strike-slip fault systems mostly produce minor vertical offset and hence no significant disturbance of the water column. For the 2018 Mw 7.5 Sulawesi earthquake in Indonesia, linked dynamic earthquake rupture and tsunami modeling implies that coseismic, mixed strike-slip and normal faulting induced seafloor displacements were a critical component generating an unexpected and devastating local tsunami in Palu Bay (Ulrich et al., 2019), with important implications for tsunami hazard assessment of submarine strike-slip fault systems in transtensional tectonic settings worldwide. </p><p>We reassess the tsunami potential of the ~100 km Húsavík Flatey Fault (HFF) in North Iceland using physics-based, linked earthquake-tsunami modelling. The HFF consists of multiple fault segments that localise both strike-slip and normal movements, agreeing with a transtensional deformation pattern (Garcia and Dhont, 2005). The HFF hosted several historical earthquakes with M>6. It crosses from off-shore to on-shore in immediate proximity to the town of Húsavík. We analyse simple and complex fault geometries and varying hypocenter locations accounting for newly inferred fault geometries (Einarsson et al., 2019), 3-D subsurface structure (Abril et al., 2020), bathymetry and topography of the area, primary stress orientations and the stress shape ratio constrained by the inversion of earthquake focal mechanisms (Ziegler et al., 2016).</p><p>Dynamic rupture models are simulated with SeisSol (https://github.com/SeisSol/SeisSol), a scientific open-source software for 3D dynamic earthquake rupture simulation (www.seissol.org, Pelties et al., 2014). SeisSol, a flagship code of the ChEESE project (https://cheese-coe.eu), enables us to explore simple and complex fault and subsurface geometries by using unstructured tetrahedral meshes. The dynamically adaptive, parallel software sam(oa)²-flash (https://gitlab.lrz.de/samoa/samoa) is used for tsunami propagation and inundation simulations and solves the hydrostatic shallow water equations (Meister, 2016). We consider the contribution of the horizontal ground deformation of realistic bathymetry to the vertical displacement following Tanioka and Satake, 1996. The tsunami simulations use time-dependent seafloor displacements to initialise bathymetry perturbations. </p><p>We show that up to 2 m of vertical coseismic offset can be generated during dynamic earthquake rupture scenarios across the HFF, which resemble historic magnitudes and are controlled by spontaneous fault interaction in terms of dynamic and static stress transfer and rupture jumping across the complex fault network. Our models reveal rake deviations from pure right-lateral strike-slip motion, indicating the presence of dip-slip components, in combination with large shallow fault slip (~8 m for a hypocenter in the East), which can cause a sizable tsunami affecting North Iceland. Sea surface height (ssh), which is defined as the deviation from the mean sea level, and inundation synthetics give an estimate about the impact of the tsunami along the coastline. We further investigate a physically plausible worst-case scenario of a tsunamigenic HFF event, accounting for tsunami sourcing mechanisms similar to the one causing the Sulawesi Tsunami in 2018.</p>

Integration Applications of Image and Sonic Data in the Fault-Dominated Carbonate Reservoir in Tarim Basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Honglin Xiao ◽  
XiaoMing Zhang ◽  
Haidong Liu ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tarim Basin ◽  
Image Interpretation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Carbonate Reservoir ◽  
Strike Slip Fault ◽  
Fault System ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Borehole Image

Abstract Carbonate reservoir is one of the most complex and important reservoirs in the world. It was confirmed that the slip-strike fault played a crucial role in the fault-dominated carbonate reservoir in Tarim basin. It is challenging to evaluate this kind of reservoir using the open-hole log or seismic data. Identifying and characterizing the fault-dominated carbonate reservoir were the objectives of this case study. High-definition borehole resistivity image and dipole sonic logs were run in several wells in the research area. It was revealed the detail features of the fault-dominated carbonate reservoir, such as natural fractures, faults or breccias. Compared with the typical geological model of strike-slip faults and outcrop features, the characteristics of the breccia zone and the fracture zone in the strike-slip fault system were summarized from the borehole image interpretation. A unique workflow was innovated with the integration of image and sonic data. Breccias and fractures were observed in the borehole image; and reflections or attenuations in Stoneley waveforms can provide indicating flag for permeable zones. Integrated with the other related geological data like mud logging or cores, the best pay zones in the fault-dominated carbonate reservoir were located. The characteristics of the strike-slip fault was revealed with the integration of the full-bore formation microimager and dipole shear sonic imager data. The fault core was a typical breccia zone with strong dissolution, which showed good potential in permeability, but it was found that some fault cores were filled with siliceous rock or intrusive rock. The features of the fillings in the fault zone were described based on the image and sonic data. The side cores or geochemical spectroscopy logs data helped to determine the mineralogy of the fillings. The fracture zones had clear responses in the image and sonic data too. The un-filled or half-filled breccia zone were the best zones in the fault-dominated carbonated reservoir. The details of the fault-dominated carbonate reservoir could be used in the future three-dimensional geological modelling.

scholarly journals The 2003 Bam (Iran) earthquake: Rupture of a blind strike-slip fault

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Talebian ◽  
Eric J. Fielding ◽  
Gareth J. Funning ◽  
Manoucher Ghorashi ◽  
James Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strike Slip ◽  
Strike Slip Fault ◽  
Earthquake Rupture

A three-dimensional stress body-based weak strike-slip fault identification technique

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kui Wu ◽  
Lin Kang ◽  
Zhongqiao Zhang ◽  
Jinghua Gao ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Strike Slip ◽  
Strike Slip Fault ◽  
Fault Identification ◽  
Identification Technique
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