scholarly journals Climatology of the mean total electron content derived from GPS global ionospheric maps

2009 ◽  
Vol 114 (A6) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Libo Liu ◽  
Weixing Wan ◽  
Baiqi Ning ◽  
Man-Lian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Total Electron Content ◽  
Electron Content ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Global Ionospheric Maps

scholarly journals Case study on total electron content enhancements at low latitudes during low geomagnetic activities before the storms

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 893-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Total Electron Content ◽  
Geomagnetic Activity ◽  
Electron Content ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
Defense Meteorological Satellite Program ◽  
Low Latitudes ◽  
Global Ionospheric Maps ◽  
Geomagnetic Activities

Abstract. Sometimes the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) is significantly enhanced during low geomagnetic activities before storms. In this article, we investigate the characteristics of those interesting TEC enhancements using regional and global TEC data. We analyzed the low-latitude TEC enhancement events that occurred around longitude 120° E on 10 February 2004, 21 January 2004, and 4 March 2001, respectively. The TEC data are derived from regional Global Positioning System (GPS) observations in the Asia/Australia sector as well as global ionospheric maps (GIMs) produced by Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). Strong enhancements under low geomagnetic activity before the storms are simultaneously presented at low latitudes in the Asia/Australia sector in regional TEC and JPL GIMs. These TEC enhancements are shown to be regional events with longitudinal and latitudinal extent. The regions of TEC enhancements during these events are confined at narrow longitude ranges around longitude 120° E. The latitudinal belts of maxima of enhancements locate around the northern and southern equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crests, which are consistent with those low-latitude events presented by Liu et al. (2008). During the 4 March 2001 event, the total plasma density Ni observed by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) spacecraft F13 at 840 km altitude are of considerably higher values on 4 March than on the previous day in the TEC enhanced regions. Some TEC enhancement events are possibly due to contributions from auroral/magnetospheric origins; while there are also quasi-periodic enhancement events not related to geomagnetic activity and associated probably with planetary wave type oscillations (e.g. the 6 January 1998 event). Further investigation is warrented to identify/separate contributions from possible sources.

Localized enhancements of total electron content in Southern Hemisphere

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya Edemskiy ◽  
Ilya Edemskiy
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Total Electron Content ◽  
Magnetic Storms ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Electron Content ◽  
Quiet Time ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
Middle Latitudes ◽  
Near Space ◽  
Global Ionospheric Maps

<p>Localized enhancements of total electron content (TEC) are usually registered during magnetic storms and are often believed to be connected with storm enhanced density (SED) events. Investigating global ionospheric maps we found that such localized TEC enhancements (LTE) could be observed in Southern Hemisphere during both disturbed and quiet time with no clear dependence on parameters of near space. Analysis of occurrence of LTEs in the regions of Indian and Southern Atlantic Oceans showed that part of them (observed during magnetic storms and localized in subpolar latitudes) can be connected with SEDs. Since another part of subpolar LTEs is detected during relatively quiet conditions its generation mechanism should be different despite they have similar spatial distribution. Most of the enhancements are observed in middle latitudes and is detected during all the investigated years. The occurrence rate of LTEs hardly depends on solar activity and the most probable season for LTE detection is April-September (autumn-winter).</p><p>Here we investigate reasons of generation both midlatitudinal and subpolar LTEs trying to define the mechanisms of their generation in details.</p>

scholarly journals Redes neurais artificiais aplicadas na previsão do VTEC no Brasil

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wagner Carrupt Machado ◽  
Edvaldo Simões da Fonseca Junior
Keyword(s):  
Total Electron Content ◽  
Electron Content ◽  
Vertical Total Electron Content ◽  
International Gnss Service ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
De Se ◽  
Pierce Point ◽  
Global Ionospheric Maps

Uma forma de se prever o conteúdo total de elétrons na direção vertical (VTEC - Vertical Total Electron Content) usando a arquitetura de redes neurais artificiais (RNA) denominada de perceptrons de múltiplas camadas (MLP - MultipLayer Percetrons) é apresentada e avaliada nesta pesquisa. As entradas do modelo foram definidas como sendo a posição dos pontos ionosféricos (IPP - Ionospheric Pierce Point) e o tempo universal (TU), enquanto que a saída é o VTEC. As variações sazonais e de períodos mais longos são levadas em conta através da atualização do treinamento diariamente. Testes foram conduzidos sobre uma área que abrange o Brasil e sua vizinhança considerando períodos de alta e baixa atividade solar. As RNA foram treinadas utilizando informações dos mapas globais da ionosfera (GIM - Global Ionospheric Maps) produzidos pelo serviço internacional do GNSS (IGS - International GNSS Service) das 72 horas anteriores à época de início da previsão. As RNA treinadas foram utilizadas para prever o VTEC por 72 horas (VTEC RNA). Os VTEC RNA foram comparados com os VTEC contidos nos GIM (VTEC GIM). A raiz do erro médio quadrático (RMS) da diferença entre o VTEC GIM e o VTEC RNA variou de 1,4 a 10,7 unidades de TEC (TECU). O erro relativo mostra que a RNA proposta foi capaz de prever o VTEC com 70 a 85% de acerto.

scholarly journals Secular variation and fluctuation of GPS Total Electron Content over Antarctica

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (S288) ◽  
pp. 322-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Jin ◽  
Shuanggen Jin
Keyword(s):  
Total Electron Content ◽  
Electron Content ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
Good Opportunity ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Secular Variations ◽  
Global Ionospheric Maps ◽  
Continuous Gps

AbstractThe total electron content (TEC) is an important parameters in the Earth's ionosphere, related to various space weather and solar activities. However, understanding of the complex ionospheric environments is still a challenge due to the lack of direct observations, particularly in the polar areas, e.g., Antarctica. Now the Global Positioning System (GPS) can be used to retrieve total electron content (TEC) from dual-frequency observations. The continuous GPS observations in Antarctica provide a good opportunity to investigate ionospheric climatology. In this paper, the long-term variations and fluctuations of TEC over Antarctica are investigated from CODE global ionospheric maps (GIM) with a resolution of 2.5°×5° every two hours since 1998. The analysis shows significant seasonal and secular variations in the GPS TEC. Furthermore, the effects of TEC fluctuations are discussed.

scholarly journals Features of annual and semiannual variations derived from the global ionospheric maps of total electron content

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2513-2527 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Zhao ◽  
W. Wan ◽  
L. Liu ◽  
T. Mao ◽  
Z. Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Electron Content ◽  
Local Time ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Amplitude Ratio ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Electron Content ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
Winter Anomaly ◽  
Global Ionospheric Maps

Abstract. In the present work we use the NASA-JPL global ionospheric maps of total electron content (TEC), firstly to construct TEC maps (TEC vs. magnetic local time MLT, and magnetic latitude MLAT) in the interval from 1999 to 2005. These TEC maps were, in turn, used to estimate the annual-to-mean amplitude ratio, A1, and the semiannual-to-mean amplitude ratio, A2, as well as the latitudinal symmetrical and asymmetrical parts, A' and A" of A1. Thus, we investigated in detail the TEC climatology from maps of these indices, with an emphasis on the quantitative presentation for local time and latitudinal changes in the seasonal, annual and semiannual anomalies of the ionospheric TEC. Then we took the TEC value at 14:00 LT to examine various anomalies at a global scale following the same procedure. Results reveal similar features appearing in NmF2, such as that the seasonal anomaly is more significant in the near-pole regions than in the far-pole regions and the reverse is true for the semiannual anomaly; the winter anomaly has least a chance to be observed at the South America and South Pacific areas. The most impressive feature is that the equinoctial asymmetry is most prominent at the East Asian and South Australian areas. Through the analysis of the TIMED GUVI columnar [O/N2] data, we have investigated to what extent the seasonal, annual and semiannual variations can be explained by their counterparts in [O/N2]. Results revealed that the [O/N2] variation is a major contributor to the daytime winter anomaly of TEC, and it also contributes to some of the semiannual and annual anomalies. The contribution to the anomalies unexplained by the [O/N2] data could possibly be due to the dynamics associated with thermospheric winds and electric fields.

scholarly journals Pre-Earthquake Ionospheric Anomalies Associated with the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake of Nepal Detected by GPS-TEC Measurements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Karki ◽  
Ashok Silwal ◽  
Narayan Prasad Chapagain ◽  
Prakash Poudel ◽  
Sujan Prasad Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Electron Content ◽  
Epicentral Distance ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Electron Content ◽  
Vertical Total Electron Content ◽  
Gorkha Earthquake ◽  
Terrestrial Environment ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
2015 Gorkha Earthquake ◽  
Global Ionospheric Maps

Abstract The present study analyses the variations in the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) prior to and during the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake in Nepal (Mw = 7.8) on 25 April 2015, utilising data from the widely distributed Global Positioning System (GPS) network. This study aimed to determine the association between ionospheric TEC anomalies and the occurrence of earthquakes. The finding shows that anomalous TEC changes occurred several days to a few hours prior to the major impending events. The results reveal that deviations in vertical total electron content (VTEC) at distant locations from the epicentre are less than those observed at the epicentre, implying that variation in ionospheric VTEC is nearly inversely proportional to the distance of GPS stations from the epicentre. In view of the solar-terrestrial environment, the pre-earthquake ionospheric anomalies could be associated with the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake. The VTEC anomaly was identified when it crosses the upper bound (UB) or lower bound (LB). The outcomes additionally show that TEC variation was dominant in the vicinity of the earthquake epicentre. We also observed contrast in TEC throughout the globe using global ionospheric maps at regular 2-hour UT intervals, the day before, during and after the earthquake. As a result, we observed that areas heavily influenced by TEC were found to be transposed from eastern sectors to western sectors through the equatorial plane. TEC Maps indicate that most of the Indian regions, Northern China, Nepal, Bhutan, were heavily affected, indicating the earthquake's onset influence on the day of the event. Furthermore, we examined the cross-correlation of the SGOC station's TEC with the rest of the stations and discovered that the correlation increased gradually with epicentral distance from the surrounding stations, which was an intriguing result.

scholarly journals Geometric quality term for station-based total electron content estimation

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Murat Selim Çepni ◽  
Erman Şentürk
Keyword(s):  
Total Electron Content ◽  
Geometric Distribution ◽  
Electron Content ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
Spherical Models ◽  
Geometric Quality ◽  
Geometric Dilution Of Precision ◽  
Global Ionospheric Maps ◽  
First Time ◽  
Relative Geometry

<p>Global ionospheric maps (GIMs) are still commonly used to represent total electron content (TEC). However, a large number of permanent GPS receivers provide significant data for monitoring ionosphere. The GIMs supply accurate TEC results, although spherical models are not able to fit local ionospheric perturbations as a source of local receiver data. Therefore, the use of station-based TEC computation becomes more preferred and convenient. The station-based TEC approach is established on weighting averaging or modeling vertical TECs. Using this approach to reveal ionospheric activity depends on geometric distribution of ionospheric piercing points (IPP). The most effective parameter for examination of station-based TEC estimation is a function of relative geometry between receiver and satellite. In this study, a quality term has been used to define, for TEC estimation according to distribution of IPPs, similar to geometric dilution of precision (GDOP). The quality term has been described for the first time in this field and it was named as R-TEC (reliability of total electron content).</p>

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