scholarly journals Comment on “Geometric modulation: A more effective method of steerable ELF/VLF wave generation with continuous HF heating of the lower ionosphere” by M. B. Cohen, U. S. Inan, and M. A. Golkowski

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Moore ◽  
M. T. Rietveld
Keyword(s):  
Lower Ionosphere ◽  
Wave Generation ◽  
Hf Heating

VLF-HF heating of the lower ionosphere and ELF wave generation

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 61-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. N. Taranenko ◽  
U. S. Inan ◽  
T. F. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Lower Ionosphere ◽  
Wave Generation ◽  
Hf Heating

scholarly journals ELF wave generation in the ionosphere using pulse modulated HF heating: initial tests of a technique for increasing ELF wave generation efficiency

1999 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 759-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Barr ◽  
P. Stubbe ◽  
M. T. Rietveld
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Lower Ionosphere ◽  
Wave Generation ◽  
Cooling Time ◽  
Ionospheric Currents ◽  
Time Constants ◽  
Radio Science ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Hf Heating ◽  
Even Harmonics

Abstract. This paper describes the results of a preliminary study to determine the effective heating and cooling time constants of ionospheric currents in a simulated modulated HF heating, `beam painting' configuration. It has been found that even and odd harmonics of the fundamental ELF wave used to amplitude modulate the HF heater are sourced from different regions of the ionosphere which support significantly different heating and cooling time constants. The fundamental frequency and its odd harmonics are sourced in a region of the ionosphere where the heating and cooling time constants are about equal. The even harmonics on the other hand are sourced from regions of the ionosphere characterised by ratios of cooling to heating time constant greater than ten. It is thought that the even harmonics are sourced in the lower ionosphere (around 65 km) where the currents are much smaller than at the higher altitudes around 78 km where the currents at the fundamental frequency and odd harmonics maximise.Key words. Electromagnetics (antennae) · Ionosphere (active experiments) · Radio science (non linear phenomena)

ELF and VLF wave generation by modulated HF heating of the current carrying lower ionosphere

1982 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1123-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Stubbe ◽  
H Kopka ◽  
M.T Rietveld ◽  
R.L Dowden
Keyword(s):  
Lower Ionosphere ◽  
Wave Generation ◽  
Hf Heating

Experimental and Numerical Studies on ELF/VLF Wave Generation by Amplitude-Modulated HF Heating Waves

2003 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 448-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
S P Kuo ◽  
S H Lee ◽  
D Bivolaru ◽  
P Kossey ◽  
M C Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wave Generation ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Hf Heating

Enhanced ELF wave generation efficiency using ‘O' mode HF heating

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1403-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Barr ◽  
P. Stubbe ◽  
M. T. Rietveld ◽  
E. Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Wave Generation ◽  
Generation Efficiency ◽  
Hf Heating

scholarly journals Magnetospheric injection of ELF/VLF waves with modulated or steered HF heating of the lower ionosphere

2011 ◽  
Vol 116 (A6) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Cohen ◽  
U. S. Inan ◽  
D. Piddyachiy ◽  
N. G. Lehtinen ◽  
M. Gołkowski
Keyword(s):  
Lower Ionosphere ◽  
Hf Heating ◽  
Vlf Waves

scholarly journals Excitation of Alfvén waves by modulated HF heating of the ionosphere, with application to FAST observations

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kolesnikova ◽  
T. R. Robinson ◽  
J. A. Davies ◽  
D. M. Wright ◽  
M. Lester
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Scalar Potential ◽  
Lower Ionosphere ◽  
Alfven Wave ◽  
Thermal Electron ◽  
Strong Electron ◽  
Inner Magnetosphere ◽  
Hf Heating ◽  
Parallel Current ◽  
Current Electric Field

Abstract. During the operation of the EISCAT high power facility (heater) at Tromsø, Norway, on 8 October 1998, the FAST spacecraft made electric field and particle observations in the inner magnetosphere at 0.39 Earth radii above the heated ionospheric region. Measurements of the direct current electric field clearly exhibit oscillations with a frequency close to the modulated frequency of heater ( ~ 3 Hz) and an amplitude of ~ 2 - 5 mV m-1. Thermal electron data from the electrostatic analyser show the modulation at the same frequency of the downward electron fluxes. During this period the EISCAT UHF incoherent scatter radar, sited also at Tromsø, measured a significant enhancement of the electron density in E-layer up to 2 · 1012 m-3. These observations have prompted us to make quantitative estimates of the expected pulsations in the inner magnetosphere caused by the modulated HF heating of lower ionosphere. Under the conditions of the strong electron precipitation in the ionosphere, which took place during the FAST observations, the primary current caused by the perturbation of the conductivity in the heated region is closed entirely by the parallel current which leaks into the magnetosphere. In such circumstances the conditions at the ionosphere-magnetosphere boundary are most favourable for the launching of an Alfvén wave: it is launched from the node in the gradient of the scalar potential which is proportional to the parallel current. The parallel electric field of the Alfvén wave is significant in the region where the electron inertial length is of order of the transverse wavelength of the Alfvén wave or larger and may effectively accelerate superthermal electrons downward into the ionosphere.Key words. Ionosphere (active experiments; ionosphere – magnetosphere interactions; particle acceleration)

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