scholarly journals Gyre-scale atmospheric pressure variations and their relation to 19th and 20th century sea level rise

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laury Miller ◽  
Bruce C. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
19Th And 20Th Century

A foraminiferal proxy record of 20th century sea-level rise in the Manukau Harbour, New Zealand

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh R. Grenfell ◽  
Bruce W. Hayward ◽  
Ritsuo Nomura ◽  
Ashwaq T. Sabaa
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Sediment Accumulation ◽  
Proxy Record ◽  
Tide Gauge Record ◽  
Tidal Salt Marsh

The present study aimed to extract a sea-level history from northern New Zealand salt-marsh sediments using a foraminiferal proxy, and to extend beyond the longest nearby tide-gauge record. Transects through high-tidal salt marsh at Puhinui, Manukau Harbour, Auckland, New Zealand, indicate a zonation of dominant foraminifera in the following order (with increasing elevation): Ammonia spp.–Elphidium excavatum, Ammotium fragile, Miliammina fusca, Haplophragmoides wilberti–Trochammina inflata, Trochamminita salsa–Miliammina obliqua. The transect sample faunas are used as a training set to generate a transfer function for estimating past tidal elevations in two short cores nearby. Heavy metal, 210Pb and 137Cs isotope analyses provide age models that indicate 35 cm of sediment accumulation since ~1890 AD. The first proxy-based 20th century rates of sea-level rise from New Zealand’s North Island at 0.28 ± 0.05 cm year–1 and 0.33 ± 0.07 cm year–1 are estimated. These are faster than the nearby Auckland tide gauge for the same interval (0.17 ± 0.1 cm year–1), but comparable to a similar proxy record from southern New Zealand (0.28 ± 0.05 cm year–1) and to satellite-based observations of global sea-level rise since 1993 (0.31 ± 0.07 cm year–1).

A 20th century acceleration in global sea-level rise

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Church ◽  
Neil J. White
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Global Sea Level

scholarly journals Spatial variability of late Holocene and 20th century sea-level rise along the Atlantic coast of the United States

Geology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 1115-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Engelhart ◽  
B. P. Horton ◽  
B. C. Douglas ◽  
W. R. Peltier ◽  
T. E. Tornqvist
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
The United States

scholarly journals Tide Gauge Records May Underestimate 20th Century Sea Level Rise

Eos ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Crane
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Sea Level Change ◽  
Tide Gauges ◽  
Tide Gauge Records ◽  
Level Change

Tide gauges can help measure sea level change, but their limited locations and short records make it hard to pinpoint trends. Now researchers are evaluating the instruments' limitations.

scholarly journals Brief Communication: Global reconstructions of glacier mass change during the 20th century are consistent

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2399-2404 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Marzeion ◽  
P. W. Leclercq ◽  
J. G. Cogley ◽  
A. H. Jarosch
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Mass Change ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Glacier Length ◽  
Global Estimates

Abstract. Recent estimates of the contribution of glaciers to sea-level rise during the 20th century are strongly divergent. Advances in data availability have allowed revisions of some of these published estimates. Here we show that outside of Antarctica, the global estimates of glacier mass change obtained from glacier-length-based reconstructions and from a glacier model driven by gridded climate observations are now consistent with each other, and also with an estimate for the years 2003–2009 that is mostly based on remotely sensed data. This consistency is found throughout the entire common periods of the respective data sets. Inconsistencies of reconstructions and observations persist in estimates on regional scales.

scholarly journals Acceleration of the global coastal sea level rise during the 20th century re-evaluated

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bâki Iz
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Coastal Sea

AbstractIn contrast to some of the recent investigations, this study shows that far less number of tide gauge stations experienced statistically significant accelerations in sea level rise during the 20

scholarly journals Constraining 20th‐Century Sea‐Level Rise in the South Atlantic Ocean

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Frederikse ◽  
Surendra Adhikari ◽  
Tim J. Daley ◽  
Sönke Dangendorf ◽  
Roland Gehrels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
South Atlantic Ocean ◽  
The South

scholarly journals Twentieth century global glacier mass change: an ensemble-based model reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 3135-3157
Author(s):  
Jan-Hendrik Malles ◽  
Ben Marzeion
Keyword(s):  
Mass Balance ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Mass Balances ◽  
Specific Mass ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
The Cross

Abstract. Negative glacier mass balances in most of Earth's glacierized regions contribute roughly one-quarter to currently observed rates of sea-level rise and have likely contributed an even larger fraction during the 20th century. The distant past and future of glaciers' mass balances, and hence their contribution to sea-level rise, can only be estimated using numerical models. Since, independent of complexity, models always rely on some form of parameterizations and a choice of boundary conditions, a need for optimization arises. In this work, a model for computing monthly mass balances of glaciers on the global scale was forced with nine different data sets of near-surface air temperature and precipitation anomalies, as well as with their mean and median, leading to a total of 11 different forcing data sets. The goal is to better constrain the glaciers' 20th century sea-level budget contribution and its uncertainty. Therefore, five global parameters of the model's mass balance equations were varied systematically, within physically plausible ranges, for each forcing data set. We then identified optimal parameter combinations by cross-validating the model results against in situ annual specific mass balance observations, using three criteria: model bias, temporal correlation, and the ratio between the observed and modeled temporal standard deviation of specific mass balances. These criteria were chosen in order not to trade lower error estimates by means of the root mean squared error (RMSE) for an unrealistic interannual variability. We find that the disagreement between the different optimized model setups (i.e., ensemble members) is often larger than the uncertainties obtained via the leave-one-glacier-out cross-validation, particularly in times and places where few or no validation data are available, such as the first half of the 20th century. We show that the reason for this is that in regions where mass balance observations are abundant, the meteorological data are also better constrained, such that the cross-validation procedure only partly captures the uncertainty of the glacier model. For this reason, ensemble spread is introduced as an additional estimate of reconstruction uncertainty, increasing the total uncertainty compared to the model uncertainty merely obtained by the cross-validation. Our ensemble mean estimate indicates a sea-level contribution by global glaciers (outside of the ice sheets; including the Greenland periphery but excluding the Antarctic periphery) for 1901–2018 of 69.2 ± 24.3 mm sea-level equivalent (SLE), or 0.59 ± 0.21 mm SLE yr−1. While our estimates lie within the uncertainty range of most of the previously published global estimates, they agree less with those derived from GRACE data, which only cover the years 2002–2018.

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