On the stability of the Earth's radiative energy balance: Response to the Mt. Pinatubo eruption

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Harries ◽  
J. M. Futyan
1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1359-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. N. FLERCHINGER ◽  
J. M. BAKER ◽  
E. J. A. SPAANS

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 893-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphaèle Herbin ◽  
Jean-Claude Latché ◽  
Trung Tan Nguyen

In this paper, we build and analyze the stability and consistency of decoupled schemes, involving only explicit steps, for the isentropic Euler equations and for the full Euler equations. These schemes are based on staggered space discretizations, with an upwinding performed with respect to the material velocity only. The pressure gradient is defined as the transpose of the natural velocity divergence, and is thus centered. The velocity convection term is built in such a way that the solutions satisfy a discrete kinetic energy balance, with a remainder term at the left-hand side which is shown to be non-negative under a CFL condition. In the case of the full Euler equations, we solve the internal energy balance, to avoid the space discretization of the total energy, whose expression involves cell-centered and face-centered variables. However, since the residual terms in the kinetic energy balance (probably) do not tend to zero with the time and space steps when computing shock solutions, we compensate them by corrective terms in the internal energy equation, to make the scheme consistent with the conservative form of the continuous problem. We then show, in one space dimension, that, if the scheme converges, the limit is indeed an entropy weak solution of the system. In any case, the discretization preserves by construction the convex of admissible states (positivity of the density and, for Euler equations, of the internal energy), under a CFL condition. Finally, we present numerical results which confort this theory.


2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Gregorio Díaz ◽  
Jesús Ildefonso Díaz

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>We consider a class of one-dimensional nonlinear stochastic parabolic problems associated to Sellers and Budyko diffusive energy balance climate models with a Legendre weighted diffusion and an additive cylindrical Wiener processes forcing. Our results use in an important way that, under suitable assumptions on the Wiener processes, a suitable change of variables leads the problem to a pathwise random PDE, hence an essentially "deterministic" formulation depending on a random parameter. Two applications are also given: the stability of solutions when the Wiener process converges to zero and the asymptotic behaviour of solutions for large time.</p>


2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 4015-4032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Aminzadeh ◽  
Peter Lehmann ◽  
Dani Or

Abstract. The growing pressure on natural freshwater resources and the projected climate variability are expected to increase the need for water storage during rainy periods. Evaporative losses present a challenge for the efficiency of water storage in reservoirs, especially in arid regions with chronic water shortages. Among the available methods for suppressing evaporative losses, self-assembling floating elements offer a simple and scalable solution, especially for small reservoirs. The use of floating elements has often been empirically based; we thus seek a framework for systematic consideration of floating element properties, local climate and reservoir conditions to better predict evaporative loss, energy balance and heat fluxes from covered water reservoirs. We linked the energy balance of the water column with energy considerations of the floating elements. Results suggest significant suppression of evaporative losses from covered reservoirs in which incoming radiative energy is partitioned to sensible and long wave fluxes that reduce latent heat flux and thus increase the Bowen ratio over covered water reservoirs. Model findings were consistent with laboratory-scale observations using an uncovered and covered small basin. The study offers a physically based framework for testing design scenarios in terms of evaporation suppression efficiency for various climatic conditions; it hence strengthens the science in the basis of this important water resource conservation strategy.


2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 580-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Genong Li and ◽  
Michael F. Modest

An acceleration method is proposed particularly for the P1 equation. The radiative energy balance is used as a constraint to correct iterative solutions. The method not only accelerates convergence but also preserves the radiative energy balance, the latter being of great importance when radiation calculations are coupled with flow calculations. This acceleration method can be applied to other elliptical problems with boundary conditions of the second and/or the third kind.


2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (256) ◽  
pp. 291-302
Author(s):  
Constantijn L. Jakobs ◽  
Carleen H. Reijmer ◽  
C. J. P. Paul Smeets ◽  
Luke D. Trusel ◽  
Willem Jan van de Berg ◽  
...  

AbstractSurface melt on the coastal Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) determines the viability of its ice shelves and the stability of the grounded ice sheet, but very few in situ melt rate estimates exist to date. Here we present a benchmark dataset of in situ surface melt rates and energy balance from nine sites in the eastern Antarctic Peninsula (AP) and coastal Dronning Maud Land (DML), East Antarctica, seven of which are located on AIS ice shelves. Meteorological time series from eight automatic and one staffed weather station (Neumayer), ranging in length from 15 months to almost 24 years, serve as input for an energy-balance model to obtain consistent surface melt rates and energy-balance results. We find that surface melt rates exhibit large temporal, spatial and process variability. Intermittent summer melt in coastal DML is primarily driven by absorption of shortwave radiation, while non-summer melt events in the eastern AP occur during föhn events that force a large downward directed turbulent flux of sensible heat. We use the in situ surface melt rate dataset to evaluate melt rates from the regional atmospheric climate model RACMO2 and validate a melt product from the QuikSCAT satellite.


Icarus ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rainer Haus ◽  
Hartwin Goering

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 309-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Harries

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