Seismic recording of small zero frequency displacement from moderate events

Abstract In German, a verb selected by another verb normally precedes the selecting verb. Modal verbs in the perfect tense provide an exception to this generalization because they require the perfective auxiliary to occur in cluster-initial position according to prescriptive grammars. Bader and Schmid (2009b) have shown, however, that native speakers accept the auxiliary in all positions except the cluster-final one. Experimental results as well as corpus data indicate that verb cluster serialization is a case of free variation. I discuss how this variation can be accounted for, focusing on two mismatches between acceptability and frequency: First, slight acceptability advantages can turn into strong frequency advantages. Second, syntactic variants with basically zero frequency can still vary substantially in acceptability. These mismatches remain unaccounted for if acceptability is related to frequency on the level of whole sentence structures, as in Stochastic OT (Boersma and Hayes2001). However, when the acceptability-frequency relationship is modeled on the level of individual weighted constraints, using harmony as link (see Pater2009, for different harmony based frameworks), the two mismatches follow given appropriate linking assumptions.

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Body zero frequency modes in photonic crystals of nanopores and nanocylinders

physica status solidi (b) ◽

10.1002/pssb.201349065 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 250 (10) ◽

pp. 2215-2220 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vladimir Sergentu ◽

Veaceslav Ursaki ◽

Lilian Sirbu

Keyword(s):

Photonic Crystals ◽

Zero Frequency

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Effect of ventilatory frequency on regional transpulmonary pressure in normal adults

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1981.51.3.678 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 678-685 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

W. Hida ◽

S. Suzuki ◽

H. Sasaki ◽

Y. Fujii ◽

T. Sasaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Balloon Catheter ◽

Transpulmonary Pressure ◽

Dynamic Compliance ◽

Local Dynamic ◽

Ventilatory Frequency ◽

Catheter System ◽

Residual Capacity ◽

Resistive Component ◽

Normal Adults ◽

Zero Frequency

The relation between the ventilatory frequency and the elastic (delta Pel) or resistive (delta Prs) components of changes of the regional pleural pressure (delta PL) was studied at functional residual capacity (FRC) in six normal adults. The regional delta PL was measured simultaneously at three levels in the esophagus using a three-balloon-catheter system. Elastic components of regional delta PL normalized by overall tidal volume (delta Pel/delta V) increased with frequency at all three balloon positions; the percentages of delta Pel/delta V at 60 breaths/min to those at zero frequency were 107, 119, and 157% in the upper, middle, and lower balloon, respectively. The resistive component of regional delta PL normalized by overall air flow (delta Prs/delta V) did not show significant dependence on frequency at any of the three positions and was almost the same everywhere. It is suggested that the increase of local delta Pel with frequency might reflect mainly the frequency dependence of local dynamic compliance (Cdyn) and that the change of the local Cdyn with frequency might be larger in dependent than in upper lung.

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High frequency and precision 3-phase sine/PWM controller with near-zero frequency of MPU intervention

APEC '98 Thirteenth Annual Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition ◽

10.1109/apec.1998.653989 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

J. Chang

Keyword(s):

High Frequency ◽

Zero Frequency

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Development on Seismic Recording System

10.1190/nsgapc2013-076 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Jian Guo ◽

Shanhui Xu ◽

Guangding Liu

Keyword(s):

Recording System ◽

Seismic Recording

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DIVERGENCE EFFECTS IN A LAYERED EARTH

Geophysics ◽

10.1190/1.1440353 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 481-488 ◽

Cited By ~ 92

Author(s):

P. Newman

Keyword(s):

Normal Incidence ◽

Wave Theory ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Earth Model ◽

Correction Factors ◽

Amplitude Correction ◽

Multiple Attenuation ◽

Seismic Recording ◽

Zero Offset ◽

Special Case

Of the various factors which influence reflection amplitudes in a seismic recording, divergence effects are possibly of least direct interest to the interpreter. Nevertheless, proper compensation for these effects is mandatory if reflection amplitudes are to be of diagnostic value. For an earth model consisting of horizontal, isotropic layers, and assuming a point source, we apply ray theory to determine an expression for amplitude correction factors in terms of initial incidence, source‐receiver offset, and reflector depth. The special case of zero offset yields an expression in terms of two‐way traveltime, velocity in the initial layer, and the time‐weighted rms velocity which characterizes reflections. For this model it follows that information which is needed for divergence compensation in the region of normal incidence is available from the customary analysis of normal moveout (NMO). It is hardly surprising that NMO and divergence effects are intimately related when one considers the expanding wavefront situation which is responsible for both phenomena. However, it is evident that an amplitude correction which is appropriate for the primary reflection sequence cannot in general be appropriate for the multiples. At short offset distances the disparity in displayed amplitude varies as the square of the ratio of primary to multiple rms velocities, and favors the multiples. These observations are relevant to a number of concepts which are founded upon plane‐wave theory, notably multiple attenuation processes and record synthesis inclusive of multiples.

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