The surface of maximum wind as an alternative to the isobaric surface for wind climatology

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtenay Strong ◽  
Robert E. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Isobaric Surface ◽  
Maximum Wind ◽  
Wind Climatology

A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON RADIUS TO TYPHOON-GENERATED MAXIMUM WIND SPEED BASED ON DATA ANALYSES

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. I_223-I_228
Author(s):  
Masataka YAMAGUCHI ◽  
Kunimitsu INOUCHI ◽  
Yoshihiro UTSUNOMIYA ◽  
Hirokazu NONAKA ◽  
Yoshio HATADA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Maximum Wind Speed ◽  
Maximum Wind ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Comprehensive Study

EFFECTS OF MAXIMUM WIND SPEED RADIUS AND TRANSLATION SPEED OF SCENARIO TYPHOON ON STORM SURGE AND WAVE

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. I_583-I_588
Author(s):  
Masafumi KIMIZUKA ◽  
Tomotsuka TAKAYAMA ◽  
Hiroyasu KAWAI ◽  
Masafumi MIYATA ◽  
Katsuya HIRAYAMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Storm Surge ◽  
Maximum Wind Speed ◽  
Translation Speed ◽  
Maximum Wind

scholarly journals Effects of Parameterized Diffusion on Simulated Hurricanes

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 2284-2299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Rotunno ◽  
George H. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Control Factor ◽  
Vertical Diffusion ◽  
Maximum Wind ◽  
Gradient Wind ◽  
Horizontal Diffusion ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
Parameterized Model

Abstract In this study the authors analyze and interpret the effects of parameterized diffusion on the nearly steady axisymmetric numerical simulations of hurricanes presented in a recent study. In that study it was concluded that horizontal diffusion was the most important control factor for the maximum simulated hurricane intensity. Through budget analysis it is shown here that horizontal diffusion is a major contributor to the angular momentum budget in the boundary layer of the numerically simulated storms. Moreover, a new scale analysis recognizing the anisotropic nature of the parameterized model diffusion shows why the horizontal diffusion plays such a dominant role. A simple analytical model is developed that captures the essence of the effect. The role of vertical diffusion in the boundary layer in the aforementioned numerical simulations is more closely examined here. It is shown that the boundary layer in these simulations is consistent with known analytical solutions in that boundary layer depth increases and the amount of “overshoot” (maximum wind in excess of the gradient wind) decreases with increasing vertical diffusion. However, the maximum wind itself depends mainly on horizontal diffusion and is relatively insensitive to vertical diffusion; the overshoot variation with vertical viscosity mainly comes from changes in the gradient wind with vertical viscosity. The present considerations of parameterized diffusion allow a new contribution to the dialog in the literature on the meaning and interpretation of the Emanuel potential intensity theory.

scholarly journals Advection-Based Adjustment of Radar Measurements

2012 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. 1014-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuomo Lauri ◽  
Jarmo Koistinen ◽  
Dmitri Moisseev
Keyword(s):  
Elevation Angle ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Radar Measurement ◽  
Wind Climatology ◽  
Radar Measurements ◽  
Nwp Model ◽  
Adjustment Scheme

When making radar-based precipitation products, a radar measurement is commonly taken to represent the geographical location vertically below the contributing volume of the measurement sample. However, when wind is present during the fall of the hydrometeors, precipitation will be displaced horizontally from the geographical location of the radar measurement. Horizontal advection will introduce discrepancies between the radar-measured and ground level precipitation fields. The significance of the adjustment depends on a variety of factors related to the characteristics of the observed precipitation as well as those of the desired end product. In this paper the authors present an advection adjustment scheme for radar precipitation observations using estimated hydrometeor trajectories obtained from the High-Resolution Limited-Area Model (HIRLAM) MB71 NWP model data. They use the method to correct the operational Finnish radar composite and evaluate the significance of precipitation advection in typical Finnish conditions. The results show that advection distances on the order of tens of kilometers are consistently observed near the edge of the composite at ranges of 100–250 km from the nearest radar, even when using a low elevation angle of 0.3°. The Finnish wind climatology suggests that approximately 15% of single radar measurement areas are lost on average when estimating ground level rainfall if no advection adjustment is applied. For the Finnish composite, area reductions of approximately 10% have been observed, while the measuring area is extended downstream by a similar amount. Advection becomes increasingly important at all ranges in snowfall with maximum distances exceeding 100 km.

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