scholarly journals Tritiated water vapor in the stratosphere: Vertical profiles and residence time

2002 ◽  
Vol 107 (D24) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Ehhalt
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
Vertical Profiles

scholarly journals A Lidar at Clermont-Ferrand—France to describe the boundary layer dynamics, aerosols, cirrus and tropospheric water vapor

2018 ◽  
Vol 176 ◽  
pp. 05047
Author(s):  
J.L. Baray ◽  
P. Fréville ◽  
N. Montoux ◽  
A. Chauvigné ◽  
D. Hadad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Vertical Profiles ◽  
Raman Lidar ◽  
Tropospheric Aerosols ◽  
Boundary Layer Dynamics

A Rayleigh-Mie-Raman LIDAR provides vertical profiles of tropospheric variables at Clermont-Ferrand (France) since 2008, in order to describe the boundary layer dynamics, tropospheric aerosols, cirrus and water vapor. It is included in the EARLINET network. We performed hardware/software developments in order to upgrade the quality, calibration and improve automation. We present an overview of the system and some examples of measurements and a preliminary geophysical analysis of the data.

Study on Kinetics of Reaction between ZrNi5 and Water Vapor

2012 ◽  
Vol 581-582 ◽  
pp. 694-697
Author(s):  
Yong Yao ◽  
De Li Luo ◽  
Zhi Yong Huang ◽  
Jiang Feng Song
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Arrhenius Equation ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Chemical Reaction ◽  
First Order Chemical Reaction ◽  
Kinetics Of Reaction ◽  
Reaction Activation Energy ◽  
Kinetics Of

In order to evaluate the feasibility of tritium recovery from tritiated water by thermochemical decomposition using ZrNi5, the kinetics of reaction between ZrNi5 and water vapor was studied by thermogravimetric method in the temperature range from 673K to 823K. The result shows that reaction rate increased significantly with the increasing of temperature and H2O concentration; the reaction mechanism for ZrNi5 can be described by the first-order chemical reaction, and the reaction is first order for H2O concentration. The reaction activation energy of ZrNi5 is 55.8kJ/mol calculated from the Arrhenius equation.

Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment III on the International Space Station (SAGE III/ISS) Newly Released V5.2 Validation of Ozone and Water Vapor Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Kizer ◽  
David Flittner ◽  
Marilee Roell ◽  
Robert Damadeo ◽  
Carrie Roller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
International Space Station ◽  
Space Station ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosol ◽  
Vertical Profiles ◽  
Science Data ◽  
International Space ◽  
Lunar Occultation ◽  
Data Continuity

<p>The Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment III (SAGE III) instrument installed on the International Space Station (ISS) has completed over three and a half years of data collection and production of science data products. The SAGE III/ISS is a solar and lunar occultation instrument that scans the light from the Sun and Moon through the limb of the Earth’s atmosphere to produce vertical profiles of aerosol, ozone, water vapor, and other trace gases. It continues the legacy of previous SAGE instruments dating back to the 1970s to provide data continuity of stratospheric constituents critical for assessing trends in the ozone layer. This presentation shows the validation results of comparing SAGE III/ISS ozone and water vapor vertical profiles from the newly released v5.2 science product with those of in situ and satellite data .</p>

Simulation of Simultaneous Desulfurization and Denitrification of Flue Gas Using Pulsed Discharge Plasma

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 1118-1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zhou ◽  
Qi Yu ◽  
Ling Wei Li ◽  
Wen Xi Yu ◽  
Gang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Discharge Plasma ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Concentration Curve ◽  
Pulsed Discharge ◽  
No Removal ◽  
Simultaneous Desulfurization And Denitrification ◽  
Pulsed Discharge Plasma

Desulfurization and Denitrification processes in two pulsed discharge plasma systems (NO/SO2/N2/O2/H2O and NO/SOSubscript text2/NSubscript text2/OSubscript text2) were simulated respectively, and then the removal characteristics of these two gas systems were analyzed. The results show that NO can be completely removed when the residence time is close to 1.3 s and SOSubscript text2 removal rate is 61.5% when the residence time reaches 3 s in a system containing water vapor (HSubscript text2O). When the system does not contain water vapor, NO removal rate is still much high, but SOSubscript text2 removal rate is approximately zero. When OSubscript text2 concentration is increased, NO removal velocity will be faster and the peak of the concentration curve of NOSubscript text2 will be higher. NO removing velocity is much faster in a system containing water vapor than that in a system without water vapor when both systems have almost the same OSubscript text2 concentration.

Study for the Behavior of Tritiated Water Vapor on Organic Materials

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 696-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Kobayashi ◽  
Takumi Hayashi ◽  
Hirofumi Nakamura ◽  
Toshihiko Yamanishi ◽  
Yasuhisa Oya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Organic Materials ◽  
Tritiated Water

Water vapor vertical profiles on Mars: Results from the first full Mars Year of TGO/NOMAD science operations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shohei Aoki ◽  
AnnCarine Vandaele ◽  
Frank Daerden ◽  
Geronimo Villanueva ◽  
Ian Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Dust Storm ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
High Spectral Resolution ◽  
Vertical Profiles ◽  
Geophysical Research ◽  
Solar Occultation ◽  
Science Operations

<p>Nadir and Occultation for Mars Discovery (NOMAD) onboard ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) started the science measurements on 21 April, 2018. We present results on the retrievals of water vapor vertical profiles in the Martian atmosphere from the first Mars year measurements of the TGO/NOMAD.</p><p>NOMAD is a spectrometer operating in the spectral ranges between 0.2 and 4.3 μm onboard ExoMars TGO. NOMAD has 3 spectral channels: a solar occultation channel (SO – Solar Occultation; 2.3–4.3 μm), a second infrared channel capable of nadir, solar occultation, and limb sounding (LNO – Limb Nadir and solar Occultation; 2.3–3.8 μm), and an ultraviolet/visible channel (UVIS – Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrometer, 200–650 nm). The infrared channels (SO and LNO) have high spectral resolution (λ/dλ~10,000–20,000) provided by an echelle grating used in combination with an Acousto Optic Tunable Filter (AOTF) which selects diffraction orders. The concept of the infrared channels are derived from the Solar Occultation in the IR (SOIR) instrument onboard Venus Express (VEx). The sampling rate for the solar occultation measurement is 1 second, which provides better vertical sampling step (~1 km) with higher resolution (~2 km) from the surface to 200 km. Thanks to the instantaneous change of the observing diffraction orders achieved by the AOTF, the SO channel is able to measure five or six different diffraction orders per second in solar occultation mode. In this study, we analyze the solar occultation measurements at diffraction order 134 (3011-3035 cm<sup>-1</sup>), order 136 (3056-3080 cm<sup>-1</sup>) and 168 (3775-3805 cm<sup>-1</sup>) acquired by the SO channel in order to investigate H<sub>2</sub>O vertical profiles.</p><p>Knowledge of the water vapor vertical distribution is important to understand the water cycle and escape processes. Solar occultation measurements by the two spectrometers onboard TGO - NOMAD and Atmospheric Chemistry Suite (ACS) - allow us to monitor daily the water vapor vertical profiles through one whole Martian Year and obtain a latitudinal map for every ~20° of Ls. In 2018, for the first time after 2007, a global dust storm occurred on Mars. It lasted for more than two months (from June to August). Moreover, following the global dust storm, a regional dust storm occurred in January 2019. TGO began its science operations on 21 April 2018. NOMAD observations therefore fully cover the period before/during/after the global and regional dust storms and offer a unique opportunity to study the trace gases distributions during such events. We have analyzed those datasets and found a significant increase of water vapor abundance in the middle atmosphere (40-100 km) during the global dust storm from June to mid-September 2018 and the regional dust storm in January 2019. In particular, water vapor reaches very high altitudes, at least 100 km, during the global dust storm (Aoki et al., 2019, Journal of Geophysical Research, Volume124, Issue12, Pages 3482-3497, doi:10.1029/2019JE006109). A GCM simulation explained that dust storm related increases of atmospheric temperatures suppress the hygropause, hence reducing ice cloud formation and so allowing water vapor to extend into the middle atmosphere (Neary et al., 2020, Geophysical Research Letters, 47, e2019GL084354., doi: 10.1029/2019GL084354). The current study presents the results obtained when considering the extended dataset, which covers a full Martian year. The extended dataset includes the recent aphelion season that involves interesting phenomena such as sublimation of water vapor from the northern polar cap and formation of the equatorial cloud belt, and is known as a key period to understand the large north-south hemispheric asymmetries of Mars water vapor. Yet, until now, only few papers reported the water vapor vertical distribution during the aphelion season. The extended dataset also includes the period when the global dust storm occurred the year before; this will allow us to compare the water vapor distributions under global dust storm conditions with those found during non-global dust storm years. In the presentation, we will discuss the H<sub>2</sub>O vertical profiles as well as the aerosols vertical distribution retrieved from the first full Martian year measurements of the TGO/NOMAD.</p><!-- COMO-HTML-CONTENT-END --> <p class="co_mto_htmlabstract-citationHeader"> <strong class="co_mto_htmlabstract-citationHeader-intro">How to cite:</strong> Aoki, S., Vandaele, A., Daerden, F., Villanueva, G., Thomas, I., Erwin, J., Trompet, L., Robert, S., Neary, L., Viscardy, S., Piccialli, A., Liuzzi, G., Crismani, M., Clancy, T., Smith, M., Ristic, B., Lopez-Valverde, M.-A., Patel, M., Bellucci, G., and Lopez-Moreno, J.-J.: Water vapor vertical profiles on Mars: Results from the first full Mars Year of TGO/NOMAD science operations, Europlanet Science Congress 2020, online, 21 September–9 Oct 2020, EPSC2020-392, 2020 </p>

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