scholarly journals Anomalous stress diffusion in earthquake triggering: Correlation length, time dependence, and directionality

2003 ◽  
Vol 108 (B7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireille Huc ◽  
Ian G. Main
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependence ◽  
Correlation Length ◽  
Earthquake Triggering ◽  
Stress Diffusion

A flow visualization and superposition rheology study of shear-banding wormlike micelle solutions

Soft Matter ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1051-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Mohammadigoushki ◽  
Susan J. Muller
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Flow Visualization ◽  
Correlation Length ◽  
Micellar Solution ◽  
Shear Banding ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Wormlike Micelle ◽  
Concentric Cylinders ◽  
Stress Diffusion ◽  
Taylor Couette

In this paper, we use rheometry and flow visualization to study the dynamics of the interface between shear bands in a wormlike micellar solution sheared between concentric cylinders, i.e., in a Taylor–Couette (TC) cell, and to evaluate the stress diffusion coefficient and the stress correlation length in the Johnson–Segalman model.

scholarly journals Effect of heterogeneities on evaluating earthquake triggering of volcanic eruptions

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Takekawa ◽  
H. Mikada ◽  
T. Goto
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Length ◽  
Stress Transfer ◽  
Volcanic Eruptions ◽  
Static Stress ◽  
Chamber Wall ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Earthquake Triggering ◽  
Velocity Perturbation ◽  
Failure Pressure ◽  
Scale Heterogeneity

Abstract. Recent researches have indicated coupling between volcanic eruptions and earthquakes. Some of them calculated static stress transfer in subsurface induced by the occurrences of earthquakes. Most of their analyses ignored the spatial heterogeneity in subsurface, or only took into account the rigidity layering in the crust. On the other hand, a smaller scale heterogeneity of around hundreds of meters has been suggested by geophysical investigations. It is difficult to reflect that kind of heterogeneity in analysis models because accurate distributions of fluctuation are not well understood in many cases. Thus, the effect of the ignorance of the smaller scale heterogeneity on evaluating the earthquake triggering of volcanic eruptions is also not well understood. In the present study, we investigate the influence of the assumption of homogeneity on evaluating earthquake triggering of volcanic eruptions using finite element simulations. The crust is treated as a stochastic media with different heterogeneous parameters (correlation length and magnitude of velocity perturbation) in our simulations. We adopt exponential and von Karman functions as spatial auto-correlation functions (ACF). In all our simulation results, the ignorance of the smaller scale heterogeneity leads to underestimation of the failure pressure around a chamber wall, which relates to dyke initiation. The magnitude of the velocity perturbation has a larger effect on the tensile failure at the chamber wall than the difference of the ACF and the correlation length. The maximum effect on the failure pressure in all our simulations is about twice larger than that in the homogeneous case. This indicates that the estimation of the earthquake triggering due to static stress transfer should take account of the heterogeneity of around hundreds of meters.

The O–C diagrams of minor planets − a new approach to modelling the rotation

1999 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
Gy. Szabó ◽  
K. Sárneczky ◽  
L.L. Kiss
Keyword(s):  
Error Analysis ◽  
Time Dependence ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Minor Planet ◽  
Minor Planets ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Ccd Observations

AbstractA widely used tool in studying quasi-monoperiodic processes is the O–C diagram. This paper deals with the application of this diagram in minor planet studies. The main difference between our approach and the classical O–C diagram is that we transform the epoch (=time) dependence into the geocentric longitude domain. We outline a rotation modelling using this modified O–C and illustrate the abilities with detailed error analysis. The primary assumption, that the monotonity and the shape of this diagram is (almost) independent of the geometry of the asteroids is discussed and tested. The monotonity enables an unambiguous distinction between the prograde and retrograde rotation, thus the four-fold (or in some cases the two-fold) ambiguities can be avoided. This turned out to be the main advantage of the O–C examination. As an extension to the theoretical work, we present some preliminary results on 1727 Mette based on new CCD observations.

Influence of the hyperfine structure on the time-dependence of Mössbauer transmission

1985 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1387-1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.L. Balabanski ◽  
E.I. Vapirev ◽  
P.S. Kamenov
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependence ◽  
Hyperfine Structure

Time Dependence of Whole Blood Aggregation in Response to Platelet Activating Factor (PAF)

1988 ◽  
Vol 59 (02) ◽  
pp. 162-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
R R Taylor ◽  
J Strophair ◽  
M Sturm ◽  
R Vandongen ◽  
L J Beilin
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependence ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Platelet Activating Factor ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Impedance Aggregometry

SummaryThe aggregation/adhesion response to platelet activating factor (PAF) was studied in diluted whole blood by impedance aggregometry. The extent of aggregation varied directly with the interval between blood sampling and aggregation measurement over the first 30 minutes from sampling, then remained stable for the next 60 minutes of observation. This is an effect opposite to that described for aggregation to PAF in platelet rich plasma which, however, cannot be studied soon after sampling. Time dependence of aggregation is important and comparative measurements should be made during the period of stable aggregability.

Colchicine Uptake and Binding by Human Platelets

1975 ◽  
Vol 34 (03) ◽  
pp. 780-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianne M Kenney ◽  
Francis C Chao ◽  
James L Tullis ◽  
Gail S Conneely
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependence ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Cold Treatment ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Temperature Dependent

SummaryThe uptake and binding of antimitotic alkaloid colchicine has been demonstrated in washed preparations of human platelets. A silicone oil technique was adapted so that both uptake and binding of 14C-colchicine were examined in the same platelet preparations. The time dependence and amount of colchicine taken up and bound by different platelet preparations during a 90 to 120 min incubation period were highly reproducible. Both colchicine uptake and binding by intact platelets, and colchicine binding by preparations of lysed platelets were specific and temperature dependent. Colchicine uptake was slowly reversible. Magnesium and GTP enhanced colchicine binding by lysed platelet preparations but calcium decreased binding.Exposure of platelets to either cold (4° C) or to thrombin, which disrupt platelet microtubules, produced significant increases in colchicine uptake and binding. The thrombin effect was maximal at 37° C and resulted in a greater increase in uptake and binding than that produced by either cold treatment alone or, by cold treatment followed by incubation with thrombin at 37° C. The amount of increase in uptake and binding produced by thrombin was independent of both thrombin (1–5 Units/109 platelets) and colchicine concentrations (1–50 × 10−6M).It is postulated that thrombin may initiate the formation, or make available, colchicine binding sites (microtubule subunits) within platelets.

Time Dependances of the Resistance Coefficients of Polymeric Materials

INEOS OPEN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Matseevich ◽  
◽  
A. A. Askadskii ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependence ◽  
Physical Mechanism ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Resistance Coefficient ◽  
Constant Stress ◽  
Time To Rupture ◽  
Structure Sensitive ◽  
Material Durability ◽  
Resistance Coefficients ◽  
Extremal Character

One of the possible approaches to the analysis of a physical mechanism of time dependence for the resistance coefficients of materials is suggested. The material durability at the constant stress is described using the Zhurkov and Gul' equations and the durability at the alternating stress—using the Bailey criterion. The low strains lead to structuring of a material that is reflected in a reduction of the structure-sensitive coefficient in these equations. This affords 20% increase in the durability. The dependence of the resistance coefficient assumes an extremal character; the maximum is observed at the time to rupture lg tr ≈ 2 (s).

Pulse Rise Time Dependence of Switching Field of Co/Pt Multilayer Dot

2012 ◽  
Vol 132 (10) ◽  
pp. 838-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuaki Kikuchi ◽  
Yoshihiro Suyama ◽  
Satoshi Okamoto ◽  
Osamu Kitakami
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependence ◽  
Rise Time ◽  
Switching Field ◽  
Pulse Rise Time
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