scholarly journals Satellite detection of a continental-scale plume of nitrogen oxides from boreal forest fires

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (24) ◽  
pp. 4579-4582 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Spichtinger ◽  
M. Wenig ◽  
P. James ◽  
T. Wagner ◽  
U. Platt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Oxides ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Continental Scale

scholarly journals Production of peroxy nitrates in boreal biomass burning plumes over Canada during the BORTAS campaign

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 3485-3497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Busilacchio ◽  
Piero Di Carlo ◽  
Eleonora Aruffo ◽  
Fabio Biancofiore ◽  
Cesare Dari Salisburgo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Forest Fire ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Chemical Mechanism ◽  
Fire Emissions ◽  
Fire Plumes ◽  
Peroxy Nitrates ◽  
In Fire ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. The observations collected during the BOReal forest fires on Tropospheric oxidants over the Atlantic using Aircraft and Satellites (BORTAS) campaign in summer 2011 over Canada are analysed to study the impact of forest fire emissions on the formation of ozone (O3) and total peroxy nitrates ∑PNs, ∑ROONO2). The suite of measurements on board the BAe-146 aircraft, deployed in this campaign, allows us to calculate the production of O3 and of  ∑PNs, a long-lived NOx reservoir whose concentration is supposed to be impacted by biomass burning emissions. In fire plumes, profiles of carbon monoxide (CO), which is a well-established tracer of pyrogenic emission, show concentration enhancements that are in strong correspondence with a significant increase of concentrations of ∑PNs, whereas minimal increase of the concentrations of O3 and NO2 is observed. The ∑PN and O3 productions have been calculated using the rate constants of the first- and second-order reactions of volatile organic compound (VOC) oxidation. The ∑PN and O3 productions have also been quantified by 0-D model simulation based on the Master Chemical Mechanism. Both methods show that in fire plumes the average production of ∑PNs and O3 are greater than in the background plumes, but the increase of ∑PN production is more pronounced than the O3 production. The average ∑PN production in fire plumes is from 7 to 12 times greater than in the background, whereas the average O3 production in fire plumes is from 2 to 5 times greater than in the background. These results suggest that, at least for boreal forest fires and for the measurements recorded during the BORTAS campaign, fire emissions impact both the oxidized NOy and O3,  but (1 ∑PN production is amplified significantly more than O3 production and (2) in the forest fire plumes the ratio between the O3 production and the ∑PN production is lower than the ratio evaluated in the background air masses, thus confirming that the role played by the ∑PNs produced during biomass burning is significant in the O3 budget. The implication of these observations is that fire emissions in some cases, for example boreal forest fires and in the conditions reported here, may influence more long-lived precursors of O3 than short-lived pollutants, which in turn can be transported and eventually diluted in a wide area.

SPOT VEGETATION for characterizing boreal forest fires

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 3525-3532 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.H. Fraser ◽  
Z. Li ◽  
R. Landry
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Forest Fires

Trace gas emissions from chaparral and boreal forest fires

1989 ◽  
Vol 94 (D2) ◽  
pp. 2255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley R. Cofer ◽  
Joel S. Levine ◽  
Daniel I. Sebacher ◽  
Edward L. Winstead ◽  
Philip J. Riggan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Trace Gas ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Trace Gas Emissions

scholarly journals Sources of long-lived atmospheric VOCs at the rural boreal forest site, SMEAR II

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (23) ◽  
pp. 13413-13432 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Patokoski ◽  
T. M. Ruuskanen ◽  
M. K. Kajos ◽  
R. Taipale ◽  
P. Rantala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Proton Transfer Reaction ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Mixing Ratios

Abstract. In this study a long-term volatile organic compound (VOCs) concentration data set, measured at the SMEAR II (Station for Measuring Ecosystem–Atmosphere Relations) boreal forest site in Hyytiälä, Finland during the years 2006–2011, was analyzed in order to identify source areas and profiles of the observed VOCs. VOC mixing ratios were measured using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry. Four-day HYSPLIT 4 (Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) backward trajectories and the Unmix 6.0 receptor model were used for source area and source composition analysis. Two major forest fire events in Russia took place during the measurement period. The effect of these fires was clearly visible in the trajectory analysis, lending confidence to the method employed with this data set. Elevated volume mixing ratios (VMRs) of non-biogenic VOCs related to forest fires, e.g. acetonitrile and aromatic VOCs, were observed. Ten major source areas for long-lived VOCs (methanol, acetonitrile, acetaldehyde, acetone, benzene, and toluene) observed at the SMEAR II site were identified. The main source areas for all the targeted VOCs were western Russia, northern Poland, Kaliningrad, and the Baltic countries. Industrial areas in northern continental Europe were also found to be source areas for certain VOCs. Both trajectory and receptor analysis showed that air masses from northern Fennoscandia were less polluted with respect to both the VOCs studied and other trace gases (CO, SO2 and NOx), compared to areas of eastern and western continental Europe, western Russia, and southern Fennoscandia.

Concentrations and mass size distributions of particulate trace elements at summit, Greenland: Impact of boreal forest fires

1997 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. S565-S566 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Maenhaut ◽  
R. Hillamo ◽  
T. Mäkelä ◽  
J.-L. Jaffrezo ◽  
M.H. Bergin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Mass Size

scholarly journals The Paleoecological Record of 6 ka BP Climate in the Canadian Prairie Provinces

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Vance ◽  
Alwynne B. Beaudoin ◽  
Brian H. Luckman
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Circulation Pattern ◽  
Mean Annual Precipitation ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Canadian Prairie ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Prairie Provinces

ABSTRACTSynthesis of available paleoecological studies in the Prairie provinces of Canada indicates that although the peak in postglacial aridity that characterized early Holocene climate of the western foothills and plains had passed, conditions remained warmer and drier than present throughout the region ca. 6000 yr BP Compared to today, treeline elevations were higher and alpine glaciers were reduced in size in the Rocky Mountains, lake levels were lower over much of the Interior Plains, and the grassland and boreal forest ecozones extended north of their present positions. Forest fires were more prevalent ca. 6000 yr BP than they are today, aiding westward migration of jack pine (Pinus banksiana) through the boreal forest and increasing the area occupied by grassland in boreal and montane forest regions. Attempts to quantify the magnitude of 6 ka temperature and precipitation differences have produced variable results, but suggest that mean annual temperature was 0.50°C to 1.50°C higher than today (summer temperature may have been up to 3°C higher) and mean annual precipitation was reduced by 65 mm (or summer precipitation was reduced by 50 mm), compared to present. The nature and scale of these changes suggests that a vigorous zonal atmospheric circulation pattern, similar to that of the 1930s but shifted northward, prevailed at 6 ka.

scholarly journals High latitude cooling associated with landscape changes from North American boreal forest fires

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 12087-12136 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Rogers ◽  
J. T. Randerson ◽  
G. B. Bonan
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Functional Variation ◽  
Greenhouse Gasses

Abstract. Fires in the boreal forests of North America are generally stand-replacing, killing the majority of trees and initiating succession that may last over a century. Functional variation during succession can affect local surface energy budgets and, potentially, regional climate. Burn area across Alaska and Canada has increased in the last few decades and is projected to be substantially higher by the end of the 21st century because of a warmer climate with longer growing seasons. Here we simulated the changes in forest composition due to altered burn area using a stochastic model of fire occurrence, historical fire data from national inventories, and succession trajectories derived from remote sensing. When coupled to an Earth system model, younger vegetation from increased burning cooled the high-latitude atmosphere, primarily in the winter and spring, with noticeable feedbacks from the ocean and sea ice. Results from multiple scenarios suggest that a doubling of burn area would result in surface cooling of 0.23 ± 0.09 °C and 0.43 ± 0.12 °C for winter–spring and February–April time periods, respectively. This could provide a negative feedback to high-latitude terrestrial warming during winter on the order of 4–6% for a doubling, and 14–23% for a quadrupling, of burn area. Further work is needed to integrate all the climate drivers from boreal forest fires, including aerosols and greenhouse gasses.

Fire detection and temperature retrieval using EO-1 Hyperion data over selected Alaskan boreal forest fires

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 72-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine F. Waigl ◽  
Anupma Prakash ◽  
Martin Stuefer ◽  
David Verbyla ◽  
Philip Dennison
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Fire Detection ◽  
Hyperion Data ◽  
Temperature Retrieval
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