scholarly journals Rayleigh lidar observations of a mesospheric inversion layer during night and day

2001 ◽  
Vol 28 (18) ◽  
pp. 3597-3600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Duck ◽  
Dwight P. Sipler ◽  
Joseph E. Salah ◽  
John W. Meriwether
Keyword(s):  
Inversion Layer ◽  
Night And Day ◽  
Rayleigh Lidar ◽  
Lidar Observations

scholarly journals 11 Years of Rayleigh Lidar Observations of Gravity Wave Activity Above the Southern Tip of South America

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Llamedo ◽  
J. Salvador ◽  
A. Torre ◽  
J. Quiroga ◽  
P. Alexander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Gravity Wave ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Rayleigh Lidar ◽  
Lidar Observations

scholarly journals Long-term Lidar Observations of the Gravity Wave Activity near the Mesopause at Arecibo

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianchang Yue ◽  
Jonathan S. Friedman ◽  
Qihou Zhou ◽  
Xiongbin Wu ◽  
Jens Lautenbach
Keyword(s):  
Potential Energy ◽  
Gravity Wave ◽  
Inversion Layer ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Temperature Inversion ◽  
Temperature Structure ◽  
Mean Temperature ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Lidar Observations

Abstract. 11-years long K Doppler lidar observations of temperature profiles in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) between 85 and 100 km, conducted at the Arecibo Observatory, Puerto Rico (18.35° N, 66.75° W), are used to estimate seasonal variations of the mean temperature, the squared Brunt-Väisälä frequency, and the gravity wave potential energy in a composite year. The following unique features are obtained: (1) The mean temperature structure shows similar characteristics as a prior report based on a smaller dataset: (2) The profiles of the squared Brunt-Väisälä frequency usually reach the maxima at or just below the temperature inversion layer when that layer is present. The first complete range-resolved climatology of potential energy of temperature fluctuations in the tropical MLT exhibits an altitude dependent combination of annual oscillation (AO) and semiannual oscillation (SAO). Between 88 to 96 km altitude, the amplitudes of AO and SAO are comparable, and their phases are almost the same and quite close to day of year (DOY) 100. Below 88 km, the SAO amplitude is significantly larger than AO and the AO phase shifts to DOY 200 and after. At 97 to 98 km altitude, the amplitudes of AO and SAO reach their minima, and both phases shift significantly. Above that, the AO amplitude becomes greater. The annual mean potential energy profile reaches the minimum at 91 to 92 km altitude. The altitude-dependent SAO of the potential energy is found to be highly correlated with the satellite observed mean zonal winds reported in the literature.

scholarly journals Rayleigh lidar observations of temperature over Tsukuba: winter thermal structure and comparison studies

1999 ◽  
Vol 51 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 825-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Namboothiri ◽  
N. Sugimoto ◽  
H. Nakane ◽  
I. Matsui ◽  
Y. Murayama
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Rayleigh Lidar ◽  
Lidar Observations

scholarly journals Estimates of vertical eddy diffusivity in the upper mesosphere in the presence of a mesospheric inversion layer

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 2019-2029 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Collins ◽  
G. A. Lehmacher ◽  
M. F. Larsen ◽  
K. Mizutani
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Inversion Layer ◽  
Eddy Diffusion ◽  
Lapse Rate ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Lower Edge ◽  
Sodium Layer ◽  
Eddy Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Lidar Observations

Abstract. Rayleigh and resonance lidar observations were made during the Turbopause experiment at Poker Flat Research Range, Chatanika Alaska (65° N, 147° W) over a 10 h period on the night of 17–18 February 2009. The lidar observations revealed the presence of a strong mesospheric inversion layer (MIL) at 74 km that formed during the observations and was present for over 6 h. The MIL had a maximum temperature of 251 K, amplitude of 27 ± 7 K, a depth of 3.0 km, and overlying lapse rate of 9.4 ± 0.3 K km−1. The MIL was located at the lower edge of the mesospheric sodium layer. During this coincidence the lower edge of the sodium layer was lowered by 2 km to 74 km and the bottomside scale height of the sodium increased from 1 km to 15 km. The structure of the MIL and sodium are analyzed in terms of vertical diffusive transport. The analysis yields a lower bound for the eddy diffusion coefficient of 430 m2 s−1 and the energy dissipation rate of 2.2 mW kg−1 at 76–77 km. This value of the eddy diffusion coefficient, determined from naturally occurring variations in mesospheric temperatures and the sodium layer, is significantly larger than those reported for mean winter values in the Arctic but similar to individual values reported in regions of convective instability by other techniques.

scholarly journals Simultaneous observations of a Mesospheric Inversion Layer and turbulence during the ECOMA-2010 rocket campaign

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 775-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Szewczyk ◽  
B. Strelnikov ◽  
M. Rapp ◽  
I. Strelnikova ◽  
G. Baumgarten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Inversion Layer ◽  
Turbulent Energy ◽  
Northern Norway ◽  
Rocket Launch ◽  
Air Turbulence ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Ground Based Lidar ◽  
Lidar Observations

Abstract. From 19 November to 19 December 2010 the fourth and final ECOMA rocket campaign was conducted at Andøya Rocket Range (69° N, 16° E) in northern Norway. We present and discuss measurement results obtained during the last rocket launch labelled ECOMA09 when simultaneous and true common volume in situ measurements of temperature and turbulence supported by ground-based lidar observations reveal two Mesospheric Inversion Layers (MIL) at heights between 71 and 73 km and between 86 and 89 km. Strong turbulence was measured in the region of the upper inversion layer, with the turbulent energy dissipation rates maximising at 2 W kg−1. This upper MIL was observed by the ALOMAR Weber Na lidar over the period of several hours. The spatial extension of this MIL as observed by the MLS instrument onboard AURA satellite was found to be more than two thousand kilometres. Our analysis suggests that both observed MILs could possibly have been produced by neutral air turbulence.

scholarly journals Rayleigh lidar observations of enhanced stratopause temperature over Gadanki (13.5° N, 79.2° E) during major stratospheric warming in 2006

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 373-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sridharan ◽  
S. Sathishkumar ◽  
K. Raghunath
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Wave ◽  
High Latitude ◽  
Planetary Wave ◽  
Planetary Waves ◽  
Stratospheric Warming ◽  
Linear Interaction ◽  
Zonal Wavenumber ◽  
Low Latitudes ◽  
Rayleigh Lidar ◽  
Lidar Observations

Abstract. Rayleigh lidar observations of temperature structure and gravity wave activity were carried out at Gadanki (13.5° N, 79.2° E) during January–February 2006. A major stratospheric warming event occurred at high latitude during the end of January and early February. There was a sudden enhancement in the stratopause temperature over Gadanki coinciding with the date of onset of the major stratospheric warming event which occurred at high latitudes. The temperature enhancement persisted even after the end of the high latitude major warming event. During the same time, the UKMO (United Kingdom Meteorological Office) zonal mean temperature showed a similar warming episode at 10° N and cooling episode at 60° N around the region of stratopause. This could be due to ascending (descending) motions at high (low) latitudes above the critical level of planetary waves, where there was no planetary wave flux. The time variation of the gravity wave potential energy computed from the temperature perturbations over Gadanki shows variabilities at planetary wave periods, suggesting a non-linear interaction between gravity waves and planetary waves. The space-time analysis of UKMO temperature data at high and low latitudes shows the presence of similar periodicities of planetary wave of zonal wavenumber 1.

scholarly journals Night-to-night changes in the characteristics of gravity waves at stratospheric and lower-mesospheric heights

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. McDonald ◽  
L. Thomas ◽  
D. P. Wareing
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Waves ◽  
Wave Activity ◽  
Mountain Waves ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Convective Instabilities ◽  
Radar Systems ◽  
Mst Radar ◽  
Vertical Propagation ◽  
Rayleigh Lidar ◽  
Lidar Observations

Abstract. Observations made with the co-located Rayleigh lidar and MST radar systems at Aberystwyth (52.4°N, 4.1°W) in Wales and radiosondes from Valentia (51.9°N, 10.2°W) in Eire are used to investigate the changes in the vertical propagation of gravity waves during periods of 4 days in June 1995 and February 1993. In each month, the lidar observations show that the wave activity in the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere changes between two pairs of days. The radar and radiosonde measurements indicate that mountain waves make no contribution to the changes in intensity. Instead, the changes seem to arise largely from the presence or absence of long-period waves with vertical wavelengths near 8 and 10 km in June and February, respectively. The influence of such waves on the vertical wavenumber spectra is examined and related to the evidence for convective instabilities provided by the temperature profiles.Key words. Rayleigh lidar · MST radar systems · Radiosondes · Gravity waves

scholarly journals Gravity Wave Breaking Associated with Mesospheric Inversion Layers as Measured by the Ship-Borne BEM Monge Lidar and ICON-MIGHTI

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1386
Author(s):  
Robin Wing ◽  
Milena Martic ◽  
Colin Triplett ◽  
Alain Hauchecorne ◽  
Jacques Porteneuve ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravity Waves ◽  
Inversion Layer ◽  
Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Breaking Waves ◽  
Meridional Wind ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Mesosphere And Lower Thermosphere ◽  
Rayleigh Lidar

During a recent 2020 campaign, the Rayleigh lidar aboard the Bâtiment d’Essais et de Mesures (BEM) Monge conducted high-resolution temperature measurements of the upper Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere (MLT). These measurements were used to conduct the first validation of ICON-MIGHTI temperatures by Rayleigh lidar. A double Mesospheric Inversion Layer (MIL) as well as shorter-period gravity waves was observed. Zonal and meridional wind speeds were obtained from locally launched radiosondes and the newly launched ICON satellite as well as from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF-ERA5) reanalysis. These three datasets allowed us to see the evolution of the winds in response to the forcing from the MIL and gravity waves. The wavelet analysis of a case study suggests that the wave energy was dissipated in small, intense, transient instabilities about a given wavenumber in addition to via a broad spectrum of breaking waves. This article will also detail the recent hardware advances of the Monge lidar that have allowed for the measurement of MILs and gravity waves at a resolution of 5 min with an effective vertical resolution of 926 m.

scholarly journals Mesospheric Inversion Layers at Chatanika, Alaska (65°N, 147°W): Rayleigh lidar observations and analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (19) ◽  
pp. 11,235-11,249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brita K. Irving ◽  
Richard L. Collins ◽  
Ruth S. Lieberman ◽  
Brentha Thurairajah ◽  
Kohei Mizutani
Keyword(s):  
Rayleigh Lidar ◽  
Lidar Observations
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