scholarly journals Wet deposition of trace elements and radon daughter systematics in the South and equatorial Atlantic atmosphere

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-1-19-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guebuem Kim ◽  
Thomas M. Church
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Wet Deposition ◽  
Equatorial Atlantic ◽  
The South ◽  
Radon Daughter

Trace elements and Pb isotope composition of annual tree rings and pine needles growing in highly industrialized region in southern Poland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Sensuła ◽  
Nathalie Fagel
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Tree Rings ◽  
Wet Deposition ◽  
Isotope Ratio ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Pine Needles ◽  
Pb Isotope ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
Icp Ms

<p>Trees can provide annual records of ecosystem changes connected with human activity over several decades. These changes can be recorded in the pattern of variation of tree-rings widths and in the variation in the elemental composition of wood. Analysis of trace metal pollution is based on the assumption that element concentrations in tree foliage and tree rings represent element availability in the environment.</p><p>We determined the chemical composition of pine needles and annual tree rings to monitor environmental contamination in an urban forest environment in the most industrialized part of southern Poland.</p><p>The concentrations of trace elements (Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Pb) and the Pb isotope composition were measured in needles from Pinus sylvestris L. growing in nine urban forests near five factories. Trace elemental concentration and Pb isotope ratio were determined by ICP-MS and MC-ICP-MS, respectively. The needles were characterized based on the concentrations of Cr, ranging from 0.05 to 0.7 mg/kg, Co, from 0.005 to 0.075 mg/kg, Ni, from 0.12 to 0.66 mg/kg, Cu, from 0.49 to 1.0 mg/kg, Zn, from 3.9 to 14 mg/kg, and Pb, from 0.06 to 0.53 mg/kg. The <sup>208</sup>Pb/<sup>206</sup>Pb ratio ranged from 2.08 to 2.11 and the <sup>206</sup>Pb/<sup>207</sup>Pb ratio between 1.15 and 1.17. The heterogeneity of Pb isotope ratio indicates that there are different sources affecting the Pb isotopic composition of pine needles (Sensuła et al., 2021).</p><p>In one of the investigated site, a radial trace-element profiles were determined by Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (Laser ablation: New Wave Research UP-193 FX Fast Excimer, ICP-MS: Thermo Scientific X-Series2 with CCT -Collision Cell Technology) at Royal Museum for Central Africa (Belgium). LA-ICP-MS provides a repeatable, minimally destructive, sensitive method for determining many elements in wood tissue, with relatively high spatial resolution.Temporal variations of element concentration (median) in annual tree-rings of pines were compared with time series of wet deposition of pollutant and air pollutant concentration in the investigated area. The similar trends of magnitudes changes can be observed between analysed elements concentration (Na, Mg, Fe, Ni, Zn) and total wet deposition of these elements in the environment during vegetation period or these elements concentration in the rain (Sensuła et al. 2017). </p><p>Different space-time patterns of element accumulation in pine needles and annaul tree rings were observed. The variation in isotopic composition reflects a mix between different anthropogenic sources.</p><p> </p><p>References:</p><p>Sensuła, B., Wilczyński, S., Monin, L., Allan, M., Pazdur, A., & Fagel, N. (2017). Variations of tree ring width and chemical composition of wood of pine growing in the area nearby chemical factories, Geochronometria, 44(1), 226-239. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/geochr-2015-0064</p><p>Sensuła, B., Fagel, N., & Michczyński, A. (2021). Radiocarbon, trace elements and pb isotope composition of pine needles from a highly industrialized region in southern Poland. Radiocarbon, 1-14. doi:10.1017/RDC.2020.132</p>

Measurement of mercury, other trace elements and major ions in wet deposition at Jomsom: The semi-arid mountain valley of the Central Himalaya

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 ◽  
pp. 104691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lekhendra Tripathee ◽  
Junming Guo ◽  
Shichang Kang ◽  
Rukumesh Paudyal ◽  
Chhatra Mani Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Wet Deposition ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Central Himalaya ◽  
Mountain Valley ◽  
Semi Arid

Atmospheric wet deposition of trace elements to a suburban environment, Reston, Virginia, USA

2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (24) ◽  
pp. 4025-4033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn M Conko ◽  
Karen C Rice ◽  
Margaret M Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Wet Deposition ◽  
Suburban Environment

scholarly journals Variability in the South Atlantic Anticyclone and the Atlantic Niño Mode*

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (21) ◽  
pp. 8135-8150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joke F. Lübbecke ◽  
Natalie J. Burls ◽  
Chris J. C. Reason ◽  
Michael J. McPhaden
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Cold Tongue ◽  
Kelvin Wave ◽  
Equatorial Atlantic ◽  
The South ◽  
Pressure System ◽  
Cold Events ◽  
Meridional Advection ◽  
Sst Anomalies

Abstract Previous studies have argued that the strength of the South Atlantic subtropical high pressure system, referred to as the South Atlantic anticyclone (SAA), modulates sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the eastern equatorial Atlantic. Using ocean and atmosphere reanalysis products, it is shown here that the strength of the SAA from February to May impacts the timing of the cold tongue onset and the intensity of its development in the eastern equatorial Atlantic via anomalous tropical wind power. This modulation in the timing and amplitude of seasonal cold tongue development manifests itself via SST anomalies peaking between June and August. The timing and impact of this connection is not completely symmetric for warm and cold events. For cold events, an anomalously strong SAA in February and March leads to positive wind power anomalies from February to June resulting in an early cold tongue onset and subsequent cold SST anomalies in June and July. For warm events, the anomalously weak SAA persists until May, generating negative wind power anomalies that lead to a late cold tongue onset as well as a suppression of the cold tongue development and associated warm SST anomalies. Mechanisms by which SAA-induced wind power variations south of the equator influence eastern equatorial Atlantic SST are discussed, including ocean adjustment via Rossby and Kelvin wave propagation, meridional advection, and local intraseasonal wind variations.

Unraveling South American spatial precipitation patterns, intensity and variability through a multi-proxy approach for the past 2 kyr

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Briceño-Zuluaga ◽  
Juliana Nogueira ◽  
Heitor Evangelista ◽  
James Apaéstegui ◽  
Abdelfettah Sifeddine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
South American ◽  
Equatorial Atlantic ◽  
The South ◽  
Mountainous Regions

<p>South America hydrological cycle is highly dependent on the water vapor transport advected from tropical-equatorial Atlantic, Southern Pacific as well as the polar advections. While the Pacific contribution in the continental water budget is basically restricted to the western Andes region, the Atlantic Ocean and others mechanism – as advection in Amazonas basin – play a great role in modulating precipitation over the continent. Besides, modes of climatic variability, such as ENSO, have an important role in pluviosity distribution patterns and respectively intensity, influencing the availability of water resources from mountainous regions, vital to ecosystems and to economy and human wellbeing. Intense droughts and floods observed continentally during the modern epoch have pointed to the need of better understanding the regional climate related issue. Recent paleoclimate advances, especially the creation of high-standard regional proxy record databases, allow describing the South American climate from a new perspective. Here we present an effort of the South American PAGES 2k paleo-community LOTRED-SA to build a South America hydrology robust and unique multiproxy database. We present a spatial and temporal approach of the South American hydro-climate reconstruction based on more than 360 available databases in an attempt to unravel their changes and impacts. Following a multi-proxy approach, we expect to better describe duration and location of wet and dryer climate regimes at most important climate spatial domains, and modes patterns on South America, during each period; as well as their predominant variability base on high resolution records (tree rings, speleothems, lake, marine and ice cores). we combine here the use of different proxy records and spatial-temporal approach, owing to consolidate interpretations of the hydrological cycles in South America.</p>

scholarly journals A new starting point for the South and Equatorial Atlantic Ocean

2010 ◽  
Vol 98 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryline Moulin ◽  
Daniel Aslanian ◽  
Patrick Unternehr
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Equatorial Atlantic ◽  
The South ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Equatorial Atlantic Ocean

Origin of trace elements and inorganic ions in PM10 aerosols to the South of Mexico City

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.A. Báez ◽  
M.R. García ◽  
B.M. del C. Torres ◽  
H.G. Padilla ◽  
R.D. Belmont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Inorganic Ions ◽  
The South

scholarly journals Kinematics of the South Atlantic rift

Solid Earth ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Heine ◽  
J. Zoethout ◽  
R. D. Müller
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Kinematic Model ◽  
Shear Zones ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
West African ◽  
Passive Margin ◽  
Equatorial Atlantic ◽  
The South ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Extension Direction

Abstract. The South Atlantic rift basin evolved as a branch of a large Jurassic–Cretaceous intraplate rift zone between the African and South American plates during the final break-up of western Gondwana. While the relative motions between South America and Africa for post-break-up times are well resolved, many issues pertaining to the fit reconstruction and particularly the relation between kinematics and lithosphere dynamics during pre-break-up remain unclear in currently published plate models. We have compiled and assimilated data from these intraplated rifts and constructed a revised plate kinematic model for the pre-break-up evolution of the South Atlantic. Based on structural restoration of the conjugate South Atlantic margins and intracontinental rift basins in Africa and South America, we achieve a tight-fit reconstruction which eliminates the need for previously inferred large intracontinental shear zones, in particular in Patagonian South America. By quantitatively accounting for crustal deformation in the Central and West African Rift Zones, we have been able to indirectly construct the kinematic history of the pre-break-up evolution of the conjugate west African–Brazilian margins. Our model suggests a causal link between changes in extension direction and velocity during continental extension and the generation of marginal structures such as the enigmatic pre-salt sag basin and the São Paulo High. We model an initial E–W-directed extension between South America and Africa (fixed in present-day position) at very low extensional velocities from 140 Ma until late Hauterivian times (≈126 Ma) when rift activity along in the equatorial Atlantic domain started to increase significantly. During this initial ≈14 Myr-long stretching episode the pre-salt basin width on the conjugate Brazilian and west African margins is generated. An intermediate stage between ≈126 Ma and base Aptian is characterised by strain localisation, rapid lithospheric weakening in the equatorial Atlantic domain, resulting in both progressively increasing extensional velocities as well as a significant rotation of the extension direction to NE–SW. From base Aptian onwards diachronous lithospheric break-up occurred along the central South Atlantic rift, first in the Sergipe–Alagoas/Rio Muni margin segment in the northernmost South Atlantic. Final break-up between South America and Africa occurred in the conjugate Santos–Benguela margin segment at around 113 Ma and in the equatorial Atlantic domain between the Ghanaian Ridge and the Piauí-Ceará margin at 103 Ma. We conclude that such a multi-velocity, multi-directional rift history exerts primary control on the evolution of these conjugate passive-margin systems and can explain the first-order tectonic structures along the South Atlantic and possibly other passive margins.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document