scholarly journals Middle atmosphere dynamical studies at Resolute Bay over a full representative year: Mean winds, tides, and special oscillations

Radio Science ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1795-1822 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Hocking
Keyword(s):  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Resolute Bay

scholarly journals A new approach to momentum flux determinations using SKiYMET meteor radars

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 2433-2439 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Hocking
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Momentum Flux ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Beam Forming ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Meteorology And Atmospheric Dynamics ◽  
Momentum Fluxes ◽  
Waves And Tides ◽  
Resolute Bay

Abstract. The current primary radar method for determination of atmospheric momentum fluxes relies on multiple beam studies, usually using oppositely directed coplanar beams. Generally VHF and MF radars are used, and meteor radars have never been successfully employed. In this paper we introduce a new procedure that can be used for determination of gravity wave fluxes down to time scales of 2-3h, using the SKiYMET meteor radars. The method avoids the need for beam forming, and allows simultaneous determination of the three components of the wind averaged over the radar volume, as well as the variance and flux components , where refers to the fluctuating eastward wind, refers to the fluctuating northward wind, and refers to the fluctuating vertical wind. Data from radars in New Mexico and Resolute Bay are used to illustrate the data quality, and demonstrate theoretically expected seasonal forcing. Keywords. Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (Middle atmosphere dynamics; Waves and tides; Climatology)

scholarly journals Resolute Bay VHF radar: A multipurpose tool for studies of tropospheric motions, middle atmosphere dynamics, meteor physics, and ionospheric physics

Radio Science ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1839-1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Hocking ◽  
M. Kelley ◽  
R. Rogers ◽  
W. O. J. Brown ◽  
D. Moorcroft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Vhf Radar ◽  
Ionospheric Physics ◽  
Middle Atmosphere Dynamics ◽  
Resolute Bay

scholarly journals Temperature tides determined with meteor radar

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1447-1467 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. K. Hocking ◽  
A. Hocking
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Meteor Radar ◽  
Radio Science ◽  
Tidal Theory ◽  
Resolute Bay

Abstract. A new analysis method for producing tidal temperature parameters using meteor radar measurements is presented, and is demonstrated with data from one polar and two mid-latitude sites. The technique further develops the temperature algorithm originally introduced by Hocking (1999). That earlier method was used to produce temperature measurements over time scales of days and months, but required an empirical model for the mean temperature gradient in the mesopause region. However, when tides are present, this temperature gradient is modulated by the presence of the tides, complicating extraction of diurnal variations. Nevertheless, if the vertical wavelengths of the tides are known from wind measurements, the effects of the gradient variations can be compensated for, permitting determination of temperature tidal amplitudes and phases by meteor techniques. The basic theory is described, and results from meteor radars at Resolute Bay (Canada), London (Canada) and Albuquerque (New Mexico, USA) are shown. Our results are compared with other lidar data, computer models, fundamental tidal theory and rocket data. Phase measurements at two mid-latitude sites (Albuquerque, New Mexico, and London, Canada) show times of maximum for the diurnal temperature tide to change modestly throughout most of the year, varying generally between 0 h and 6 h, with an excursion to 12 h in June at London. The semidiurnal tide shows a larger annual variation in time of maximum, being at 2–4 h in the winter months but increasing to 9 h during the late summer and early fall. We also find that, at least at mid-latitudes, the phase of the temperature tide matches closely the phase of the meridional tide, and theoretical justification for this statement is given. We also demonstrate that this is true using the Global Scale Wave Model (Hagan et al., 1999). Median values for the temperature amplitudes for each site are in the range 5 to 6 Kelvin. Results from a more northern site (Resolute Bay) show less consistency between the wind tides and the temperature tides, supporting suggestions that the temperature tides may be zonally symmetric at these high latitudes (e.g. Walterscheid and Sivjee, 2001).Key words. Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (middle atmosphere dynamics; waves and tides) – Radio science (signal processing)

GISS Model E2.2: A Climate Model Optimized for the Middle Atmosphere—2. Validation of Large‐Scale Transport and Evaluation of Climate Response

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Orbe ◽  
David Rind ◽  
Jeffrey Jonas ◽  
Larissa Nazarenko ◽  
Greg Faluvegi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Climate Response

Far-infrared radiometer to map OH in the middle atmosphere

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. NOLT ◽  
J. RADOSTITZ ◽  
K.V. CHANCE ◽  
W. TRAUB ◽  
P. ADE
Keyword(s):  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Infrared Radiometer

Calculating the Natural Atmospheric Radiation Using the General Circulation Model of the Earth’s Lower and Middle Atmosphere

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 803-815
Author(s):  
B. N. Chetverushkin ◽  
I. V. Mingalev ◽  
E. A. Fedotova ◽  
K. G. Orlov ◽  
V. M. Chechetkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Circulation Model ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Atmospheric Radiation

scholarly journals Interannual Variability and Trends in Sea Surface Temperature, Lower and Middle Atmosphere Temperature at Different Latitudes for 1980–2019

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 454
Author(s):  
Andrew R. Jakovlev ◽  
Sergei P. Smyshlyaev ◽  
Vener Y. Galin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Lower Stratosphere ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Impact

The influence of sea-surface temperature (SST) on the lower troposphere and lower stratosphere temperature in the tropical, middle, and polar latitudes is studied for 1980–2019 based on the MERRA2, ERA5, and Met Office reanalysis data, and numerical modeling with a chemistry-climate model (CCM) of the lower and middle atmosphere. The variability of SST is analyzed according to Met Office and ERA5 data, while the variability of atmospheric temperature is investigated according to MERRA2 and ERA5 data. Analysis of sea surface temperature trends based on reanalysis data revealed that a significant positive SST trend of about 0.1 degrees per decade is observed over the globe. In the middle latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, the trend (about 0.2 degrees per decade) is 2 times higher than the global average, and 5 times higher than in the Southern Hemisphere (about 0.04 degrees per decade). At polar latitudes, opposite SST trends are observed in the Arctic (positive) and Antarctic (negative). The impact of the El Niño Southern Oscillation phenomenon on the temperature of the lower and middle atmosphere in the middle and polar latitudes of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres is discussed. To assess the relative influence of SST, CO2, and other greenhouse gases’ variability on the temperature of the lower troposphere and lower stratosphere, numerical calculations with a CCM were performed for several scenarios of accounting for the SST and carbon dioxide variability. The results of numerical experiments with a CCM demonstrated that the influence of SST prevails in the troposphere, while for the stratosphere, an increase in the CO2 content plays the most important role.

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