scholarly journals A convective kinematic trajectory technique for low-resolution atmospheric models

2000 ◽  
Vol 105 (D19) ◽  
pp. 24375-24386 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Freitas ◽  
M. A. F. Silva Dias ◽  
P. L. Silva Dias ◽  
K. M. Longo ◽  
P. Artaxo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Models ◽  
Low Resolution

scholarly journals Kinetic energy-conserving hyperdiffusion can improve low resolution atmospheric models

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1117-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Zurita-Gotor ◽  
Isaac M. Held ◽  
Malte F. Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Atmospheric Models ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
Energy Conserving

scholarly journals A note on the influence of atmospheric model resolution in coupled climate–ice-sheet simulations

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Löfverström ◽  
Johan Liakka
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Atmospheric Model ◽  
Atmospheric Models ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
Surface Mass

Abstract. Coupled climate–ice-sheet simulations have been growing in popularity in recent years. Experiments of this type are however challenging as ice sheets evolve over multi-millennial time scales, which is beyond the practical integration limit for most Earth-system models. A common method to increase model throughput is to trade resolution for computational efficiency (compromises accuracy for speed). Here, we analyze how the resolution of an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) influences the simulation quality of a standalone ice-sheet model. Four identical AGCM simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) were run at different horizontal resolutions: T85 (1.4°), T42 (2.8°), T31 (3.8°), and T21 (5.6°). These simulations were subsequently used as forcing of an ice-sheet model. While the T85 climate forcing reproduces the LGM ice sheets to a high accuracy, the intermediate resolution cases (T42 and T31) fail to build the Eurasian Ice Sheet. The T21 case fails in both Eurasia and North America. Sensitivity experiments using different surface mass balance parameterizations improve the simulations of the Eurasian ice-sheet in the T42 case, but the compromise is a substantial ice buildup in Siberia. The T31 and T21 cases are not improving in the same way in Eurasia, though the latter simulates the continent-wide Laurentide Ice Sheet in North America. The difficulty to reproduce the LGM ice sheets in the T21 case is in broad agreement with previous studies using low-resolution atmospheric models, and is caused by a deterioration of the atmospheric climate between the T31 and T21 resolutions. It is speculated that this deficiency may demonstrate a fundamental problem using low-resolution atmospheric models in these types of experiments.

The 2009 Wesley impact: Asteroidal or Cometary?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Sinclair ◽  
Glenn Orton ◽  
Meera Krishnamoorty ◽  
Leigh Fletcher ◽  
Joseph Hora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Radiative Transfer ◽  
Heterogeneous Population ◽  
Atmospheric Response ◽  
Atmospheric Models ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
Impact Site ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Unknown Object

<p>We present Earth-based observations of Jupiter from 1994 and 2009, which respectively capture the effects on Jupiter’s atmosphere by the impacts of Comet D/Shoemaker-Levy 9 (SL9) and the impact by an unknown object whose visible impression on Jupiter’s appearance was discovered by Anthony Wesley.  Previous studies have suggested the 2009 impactor was by an asteroid on the basis of differences in Jupiter’s atmospheric response compared to the 1994 impact by SL9.  These differences include detections of 9.1-μm silicate features in the 2009 impact site (Orton et al., 2010, Icarus 211, 587-602) and the fact the 2009 debris field shrank faster (Hammel et al., 2010, ApJL 715, L150-L154), both of which suggest the 2009 impactor was more rocky/refractory in composition.  However, Schenk <em>et al.</em> 2004 (Jupiter: The Planet, Satellites and Magnetosphere, Bagenal, Dowling, McKinnon, 427-456) state that comets are orders of magnitude more likely to impact Jupiter than asteroids since Jupiter should have cleared its orbit a long time ago. Thus, either (1) the 2009 impact was caused by an asteroid and therefore a statistical fluke, (2) Jupiter-Family Comets (JFCs) are a highly heterogeneous population, with some containing rocky/refractory interiors hidden from remote-sensing, or (3) there is a population of asteroids among bodies classified as JFCs. In order to explore these hypotheses, we performed a comparative spectral re-analysis of broadband imaging and low-resolution spectra measured during/after the 1994 and 2009 impacts. The comparison used consistent procedures for reduction and calibration of the data, atmospheric models, radiative-transfer software and spectroscopic line data in order to facilitate direct comparisons between 1994 and 2009 events.  </p>

scholarly journals The influence of atmospheric grid resolution in a climate model-forced ice sheet simulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1499-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Lofverstrom ◽  
Johan Liakka
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Ice Sheets ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Atmospheric Models ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
Surface Mass

Abstract. Coupled climate–ice sheet simulations have been growing in popularity in recent years. Experiments of this type are however challenging as ice sheets evolve over multi-millennial timescales, which is beyond the practical integration limit of most Earth system models. A common method to increase model throughput is to trade resolution for computational efficiency (compromise accuracy for speed). Here we analyze how the resolution of an atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) influences the simulation quality in a stand-alone ice sheet model. Four identical AGCM simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) were run at different horizontal resolutions: T85 (1.4∘), T42 (2.8∘), T31 (3.8∘), and T21 (5.6∘). These simulations were subsequently used as forcing of an ice sheet model. While the T85 climate forcing reproduces the LGM ice sheets to a high accuracy, the intermediate resolution cases (T42 and T31) fail to build the Eurasian ice sheet. The T21 case fails in both Eurasia and North America. Sensitivity experiments using different surface mass balance parameterizations improve the simulations of the Eurasian ice sheet in the T42 case, but the compromise is a substantial ice buildup in Siberia. The T31 and T21 cases do not improve in the same way in Eurasia, though the latter simulates the continent-wide Laurentide ice sheet in North America. The difficulty to reproduce the LGM ice sheets in the T21 case is in broad agreement with previous studies using low-resolution atmospheric models, and is caused by a substantial deterioration of the model climate between the T31 and T21 resolutions. It is speculated that this deficiency may demonstrate a fundamental problem with using low-resolution atmospheric models in these types of experiments.

Caricaturing as a general method to improve poor face recognition: Evidence from low-resolution images, other-race faces, and older adults.

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Dawel ◽  
Tsz Ying Wong ◽  
Jodie McMorrow ◽  
Callin Ivanovici ◽  
Xuming He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Face Recognition ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
General Method ◽  
Low Resolution Images

Preliminary EEG and low resolution electromagnetic tomography correlates of migraine therapy

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Keeser ◽  
L Tiemann ◽  
M Valet ◽  
E Schulz ◽  
M Ploner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Resolution ◽  
Migraine Therapy ◽  
Electromagnetic Tomography

Experience Design Applied to Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea CAPRA ◽  
Ana BERGER ◽  
Daniela SZABLUK ◽  
Manuela OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Product Development Process ◽  
Experience Design ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Technological Products

An accurate understanding of users' needs is essential for the development of innovative products. This article presents an exploratory method of user centered research in the context of the design process of technological products, conceived from the demands of a large information technology company. The method is oriented - but not restricted - to the initial stages of the product development process, and uses low-resolution prototypes and simulations of interactions, allowing users to imagine themselves in a future context through fictitious environments and scenarios in the ambit of ideation. The method is effective in identifying the requirements of the experience related to the product’s usage and allows rapid iteration on existing assumptions and greater exploration of design concepts that emerge throughout the investigation.

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