Seasonal to interannual variability from expendable bathythermograph and TOPEX/Poseidon altimeter data in the South Pacific subtropical gyre

2000 ◽  
Vol 105 (C8) ◽  
pp. 19535-19550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Cait McCarthy ◽  
Lynne D. Talley ◽  
Dean Roemmich
Keyword(s):  
Interannual Variability ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Subtropical Gyre ◽  
Altimeter Data ◽  
The South ◽  
Expendable Bathythermograph

scholarly journals Interannual variability in the South China Sea from expendable bathythermograph data

1999 ◽  
Vol 104 (C10) ◽  
pp. 23509-23523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Wang ◽  
Chester Koblinsky ◽  
Stephan Howden ◽  
Norden Huang
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
Interannual Variability ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Expendable Bathythermograph

Travelling light: Fouling biota on macroplastics arriving on beaches of remote Rapa Nui (Easter Island) in the South Pacific Subtropical Gyre

2018 ◽  
Vol 137 ◽  
pp. 119-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Rech ◽  
Martin Thiel ◽  
Yaisel J. Borrell Pichs ◽  
Eva García-Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
South Pacific ◽  
Easter Island ◽  
Subtropical Gyre ◽  
The South ◽  
Rapa Nui

scholarly journals Mesoscale Simulation of Tropical Cyclones in the South Pacific: Climatology and Interannual Variability

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas C. Jourdain ◽  
Patrick Marchesiello ◽  
Christophe E. Menkes ◽  
Jérome Lefèvre ◽  
Emmanuel M. Vincent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interannual Variability ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
South Pacific Convergence Zone ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
The South ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract The Weather Research and Forecast model at ⅓° resolution is used to simulate the statistics of tropical cyclone (TC) activity in the present climate of the South Pacific. In addition to the large-scale conditions, the model is shown to reproduce a wide range of mesoscale convective systems. Tropical cyclones grow from the most intense of these systems formed along the South Pacific convergence zone (SPCZ) and sometimes develop into hurricanes. The three-dimensional structure of simulated tropical cyclones is in excellent agreement with dropsondes and satellite observations. The mean seasonal and spatial distributions of TC genesis and occurrence are also in good agreement with the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) data. It is noted, however, that the spatial pattern of TC activity is shifted to the northeast because of a similar bias in the environmental forcing. Over the whole genesis area, 8.2 ± 3.5 cyclones are produced seasonally in the model, compared with 6.6 ± 3.0 in the JTWC data. Part of the interannual variability is associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). ENSO-driven displacement of the SPCZ position produces a dipole pattern of correlation and results in a weaker correlation when the opposing correlations of the dipole are amalgamated over the entire South Pacific region. As a result, environmentally forced variability at the regional scale is relatively weak, that is, of comparable order to stochastic variability (±1.7 cyclones yr−1), which is estimated from a 10-yr climatological simulation. Stochastic variability appears essentially related to mesoscale interactions, which also affect TC tracks and the resulting occurrence.

Plastic Pollution in the South Pacific Subtropical Gyre

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Eriksen ◽  
Anna Cummins ◽  
Nikolai Maximenko ◽  
Martin Thiel ◽  
Gwen Lattin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Pacific ◽  
Subtropical Gyre ◽  
The South ◽  
Plastic Pollution

Floating marine debris surface drift: Convergence and accumulation toward the South Pacific subtropical gyre

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1347-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Martinez ◽  
Keitapu Maamaatuaiahutapu ◽  
Vincent Taillandier
Keyword(s):  
South Pacific ◽  
Subtropical Gyre ◽  
Marine Debris ◽  
The South ◽  
Surface Drift

scholarly journals Low-Frequency Variability of the South Pacific Subtropical Gyre as Seen from Satellite Altimetry and Argo

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 3083-3098 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linlin Zhang ◽  
Tangdong Qu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Expansion ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Subtropical Gyre ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The South ◽  
Argo Data ◽  
Steric Height ◽  
Low Frequency Variability ◽  
Height Increase

AbstractLow-frequency variability of the South Pacific Subtropical Gyre is investigated using satellite altimeter and Argo data. In most of the region studied, both sea surface height and steric height exhibit a linearly increasing trend, with its largest amplitude in the western part of the basin. Analysis of the Argo data reveals that the steric height increase north of 30°S is primarily caused by variations in the upper 500 m, while the steric height increase south of 30°S is determined by variations in the whole depths from the sea surface to 1800 m, with contributions from below 1000 m accounting for about 50% of the total variance. Most of the steric height increase is due to thermal expansion, except below 1000 m where haline contraction is of comparable magnitude with thermal expansion. Correspondingly, the South Pacific Subtropical Gyre has strengthened in the past decade. Within the latitude range between 10° and 35°S, transport of the gyre circulation increased by 20%–30% in the upper 1000 m and by 10%–30% in the deeper layers from 2004 to 2013. Further analysis shows that these variations are closely related to the southern annular mode in the South Pacific.

Decadal Spinup of the South Pacific Subtropical Gyre

2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Roemmich ◽  
J. Gilson ◽  
R. Davis ◽  
P. Sutton ◽  
S. Wijffels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Sea Surface Height ◽  
Subtropical Gyre ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
The South ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Large Spatial Scale ◽  
Dynamic Height

Abstract An increase in the circulation of the South Pacific Ocean subtropical gyre, extending from the sea surface to middepth, is observed over 12 years. Datasets used to quantify the decadal gyre spinup include satellite altimetric height, the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) hydrographic and float survey of the South Pacific, a repeated hydrographic transect along 170°W, and profiling float data from the global Argo array. The signal in sea surface height is a 12-cm increase between 1993 and 2004, on large spatial scale centered at about 40°S, 170°W. The subsurface datasets show that this signal is predominantly due to density variations in the water column, that is, to deepening of isopycnal surfaces, extending to depths of at least 1800 m. The maximum increase in dynamic height is collocated with the deep center of the subtropical gyre, and the signal represents an increase in the total counterclockwise geostrophic circulation of the gyre, by at least 20% at 1000 m. A comparison of WOCE and Argo float trajectories at 1000 m confirms the gyre spinup during the 1990s. The signals in sea surface height, dynamic height, and velocity all peaked around 2003 and subsequently began to decline. The 1990s increase in wind-driven circulation resulted from decadal intensification of wind stress curl east of New Zealand—variability associated with an increase in the atmosphere’s Southern Hemisphere annular mode. It is suggested (based on altimetric height) that midlatitude gyres in all of the oceans have been affected by variability in the atmospheric annular modes on decadal time scales.

Plastic pollution in the South Pacific subtropical gyre

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Eriksen ◽  
Nikolai Maximenko ◽  
Martin Thiel ◽  
Anna Cummins ◽  
Gwen Lattin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Pacific ◽  
Subtropical Gyre ◽  
The South ◽  
Plastic Pollution
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