scholarly journals Arctic decadal and interdecadal variability

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (24) ◽  
pp. 4097-4100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor V. Polyakov ◽  
Mark A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Interdecadal Variability

scholarly journals Thermal Contrast between the Middle-Latitude Asian Continent and Adjacent Ocean and Its Connection to the East Asian Summer Precipitation

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 4992-5007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaqiong Cheng ◽  
Tongwen Wu ◽  
Wenjie Dong
Keyword(s):  
Geopotential Height ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Summer Precipitation ◽  
Middle Latitude ◽  
Interdecadal Variability ◽  
Asian Continent ◽  
Thermal Contrast ◽  
Asian Summer ◽  
High Precipitation ◽  
East Asian Summer Precipitation

Abstract To analyze the middle-to-lower-troposphere atmospheric thermal contrast between the middle latitude over the Asian continent and over its eastern adjacent ocean near Japan, an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis of the 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data of the June–August (JJA) 500-hPa geopotential height over the Asia–Pacific area (10°–80°N, 60°–180°E) during 1958–2000 was done. It shows that the dominating pattern of the thermal contrast may well be represented by a “seesaw” of 500-hPa geopotential height anomalies between a land area (40°–55°N, 75°–90°E) and an oceanic area (35°–42.5°N, 140°– 150°E). An index showing the difference between the two areas is defined as the middle-latitude land–sea thermal contrast index (LSI). The LSI has significant interannual and interdecadal variability. Its interannual variation is mainly attributed to the atmospheric thermal condition over the ocean, which has a remarkably regional unique feature, while the interdecadal variability is greatly attributed to that over the land. The LSI has a close connection to the East Asian summer precipitation. The results show that large (small) LSI is related to high (low) summer precipitation in the middle to lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Korea, Japan, and its eastern adjacent ocean at the same latitude, and low (high) precipitation in the South China Sea and tropical western Pacific, as well as low (high) precipitation in north China and high-latitude northeast Asia. The pattern of correlation between LSI and precipitation resembles the spatial distribution of the principle EOF mode of year-to-year precipitation variations. Furthermore, the variation of LSI is highly correlated to the time series of the first EOF mode of summer precipitation anomalies. This suggests that the middle-latitude land–sea thermal contrast is one of important factors to influence on the summer precipitation variations over the area from the whole East Asia to the western Pacific. The possible physical mechanisms of the land–sea thermal contrast impacting the East Asian summer monsoon precipitation are also investigated.

Dynamics of Interdecadal Climate Variability: A Historical Perspective*

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1963-1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengyu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Ocean Dynamics ◽  
Interdecadal Variability ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Stochastic Forcing ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Ocean Atmosphere ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Interdecadal Climate Variability

Abstract The emerging interest in decadal climate prediction highlights the importance of understanding the mechanisms of decadal to interdecadal climate variability. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of our understanding of interdecadal climate variability in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. In particular, the dynamics of interdecadal variability in both oceans will be discussed in a unified framework and in light of historical development. General mechanisms responsible for interdecadal variability, including the role of ocean dynamics, are reviewed first. A hierarchy of increasingly complex paradigms is used to explain variability. This hierarchy ranges from a simple red noise model to a complex stochastically driven coupled ocean–atmosphere mode. The review suggests that stochastic forcing is the major driving mechanism for almost all interdecadal variability, while ocean–atmosphere feedback plays a relatively minor role. Interdecadal variability can be generated independently in the tropics or extratropics, and in the Pacific or Atlantic. In the Pacific, decadal–interdecadal variability is associated with changes in the wind-driven upper-ocean circulation. In the North Atlantic, some of the multidecadal variability is associated with changes in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC). In both the Pacific and Atlantic, the time scale of interdecadal variability seems to be determined mainly by Rossby wave propagation in the extratropics; in the Atlantic, the time scale could also be determined by the advection of the returning branch of AMOC in the Atlantic. One significant advancement of the last two decades is the recognition of the stochastic forcing as the dominant generation mechanism for almost all interdecadal variability. Finally, outstanding issues regarding the cause of interdecadal climate variability are discussed. The mechanism that determines the time scale of each interdecadal mode remains one of the key issues not understood. It is suggested that much further understanding can be gained in the future by performing specifically designed sensitivity experiments in coupled ocean–atmosphere general circulation models, by further analysis of observations and cross-model comparisons, and by combining mechanistic studies with decadal prediction studies.

Interdecadal variability in the tropical Indian Ocean and its dynamic explanation

1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (17) ◽  
pp. 1620-1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxiao Wang ◽  
Guoxiong Wu ◽  
Jianjun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Tropical Indian Ocean ◽  
Interdecadal Variability

Preindustrial to Modern Interdecadal Variability in Coral Reef pH

Science ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 309 (5744) ◽  
pp. 2204-2207 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Pelejero
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Interdecadal Variability

scholarly journals Subseasonal-to-interdecadal variability of the Australian monsoon over North Queensland

2006 ◽  
Vol 132 (615) ◽  
pp. 519-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Robertson ◽  
Sergey Kirshner ◽  
Padhraic Smyth ◽  
Stephen P. Charles ◽  
Bryson C. Bates
Keyword(s):  
Interdecadal Variability ◽  
Australian Monsoon
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