Caribbean sea surface temperatures: Two-to-three degrees cooler than present during the Little Ice Age

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (20) ◽  
pp. 3365-3368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amos Winter ◽  
Hiroshi Ishioroshi ◽  
Tsuyoshi Watanabe ◽  
Tadamichi Oba ◽  
John Christy
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
Surface Temperatures

scholarly journals Record of Little Ice Age sea surface temperatures at Bermuda using a growth-dependent calibration of coral Sr/Ca

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie F. Goodkin ◽  
Konrad A. Hughen ◽  
Anne L. Cohen ◽  
Struan R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Little Ice Age ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
Surface Temperatures

scholarly journals Southern Hemisphere anticyclonic circulation drives oceanic and climatic conditions in late Holocene southernmost Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Hahn ◽  
Enno Schefuß ◽  
Sergio Andò ◽  
Hayley C. Cawthra ◽  
Peter Frenzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
The South ◽  
Anticyclonic Circulation ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Precipitation Regimes

Abstract. Due to the high sensitivity of southern Africa to climate change, a reliable understanding of its hydrological system is crucial. Recent studies of the regional climatic system have revealed a highly complex interplay of forcing factors on precipitation regimes. This includes the influence of the tropical easterlies, the strength of the southern hemispheric westerlies as well as sea surface temperatures along the coast of the subcontinent. However, very few marine records have been available in order to study the coupling of marine and atmospheric circulation systems. Here we present results from a marine sediment core, recovered in shallow waters off the Gouritz River mouth on the south coast of South Africa. Core GeoB18308-1 allows a closer view of the last  ∼  4 kyr. Climate sensitive organic proxies, like the distribution and isotopic composition of plant-wax lipids as well as indicators for sea surface temperatures and soil input, give information on oceanographic and hydrologic changes during the recorded time period. Moreover, the micropaleontology, mineralogical and elemental composition of the sediments reflect the variability of the terrigenous input to the core site. The combination of down-core sediment signatures and a catchment-wide provenance study indicate that the Little Ice Age ( ∼  300–650 cal yr BP) was characterized by climatic conditions favorable to torrential flood events. The Medieval Climate Anomaly ( ∼  950–650 cal yr BP) is expressed by lower sea surface temperatures in the Mossel Bay area and humid conditions in the Gouritz River catchment. These new results suggest that the coincidence of humid conditions and cooler sea surface temperatures along the south coast of South Africa resulted from a strengthened and more southerly anticyclonic circulation. Most probably, the transport of moisture from the Indian Ocean by strong subtropical easterlies was coupled with Agulhas Bank upwelling pulses, which were initiated by an increase in Agulhas Current strength.

Cooling and freshening of the eastern equatorial Pacific over the last 2000 years

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Rustic ◽  
Athanasios Koutavas ◽  
Thomas Marchitto
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Equatorial Pacific ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Eastern Equatorial Pacific

<p>Sea surface temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific exert powerful influence on the climate beyond the tropics through strong atmosphere-ocean coupling. Records of eastern Pacific sea surface temperatures are of vital importance for identifying the linkages between short-term climate variability and long-term climate trends. Here we reconstruct eastern equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature and salinity from paired trace metal and stable isotope analyses in foraminifera from a sediment core near the Galápagos Islands. Sea surface temperatures are correlated with reconstructed Northern and Southern hemisphere temperature records suggesting a common origin. We propose that this temperature signal originates in the extra-tropics and is transmitted to the eastern Pacific surface via its source waters. We find exceptions to this cooling during the Little Ice Age and during the last century, where notable sea surface temperature increases are observed. We calculate δ<sup>18</sup>O<sub>sw </sub>from paired stable isotope and trace element analyses and derive salinity, which reveals a significant trend toward fresher surface waters in the eastern equatorial Pacific. The overall trend toward cooler and fresher sea surface conditions is consistent with longer-term trends from both the Eastern and Western Pacific.</p>

Ciguatera fish poisoning and sea surface temperatures in the Caribbean Sea and the West Indies

Toxicon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 698-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Tester ◽  
Rebecca L. Feldman ◽  
Amy W. Nau ◽  
Steven R. Kibler ◽  
R. Wayne Litaker
Keyword(s):  
West Indies ◽  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
The West ◽  
Ciguatera Fish Poisoning ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Fish Poisoning ◽  
The Caribbean

scholarly journals Linking catchment hydrology and ocean circulation in Late Holocene southernmost Africa

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Hahn ◽  
Enno Schefuß ◽  
Sergio Andó ◽  
Hayley C. Cawthraw ◽  
Peter Frenzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Ocean Circulation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Precipitation Regimes ◽  
Climatic System

Abstract. Recent studies of the South African climatic system revealed a highly complex interplay of forcing factors on precipitation regimes. This includes the influence of the tropical easterlies, the strength of the Southern Hemispheric Westerlies as well as sea surface temperatures along the coast of the subcontinent. This study of a sediment core at the terrestrial-marine interface spanning a time interval of ~ 4 ka provides insights on the highly dynamic climatic system in southernmost South Africa. Several organic proxies sensitive to changes in climatic parameters like the distribution and isotopic composition of plant-wax lipids as well as indicators for sea surface temperatures and soil input give information on climatic changes during the investigated time period. Moreover, the micropaleontology, mineralogical and elemental composition of the sediments reflects the variability of the terrigenous input to the core site. The combination of downcore sediment signatures and a catchment-wide provenance study indicate that the Little Ice Age was characterized by relatively warm sea surface temperatures in Mossel Bay and arid climatic conditions favorable to torrential flood events sourced in the Gouritz headlands. In contrast, the so-called Medieval Climate Anomaly is expressed by humid conditions in the Gouritz River catchment with lower, but highly variable sea surface temperatures in the Mossel Bay area. The coincidence between humid climatic conditions and cooler sea surface temperatures has been attributed to a strengthened and more southerly anticyclonic circulation. In this climatic setting strong tropical easterlies supply Indian Ocean moisture to South Africa and at the same time Agulhas Bank upwelling pulses become more common due to an increase in Agulhas Current transport as well as alongshore southeasterly winds. These processes resemble the modern day oceanography in summer and can be conceptualized in a regional climate model.

Sea surface temperatures and coral reef bleaching off La Parguera, Puerto Rico (northeastern Caribbean Sea)

Coral Reefs ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Winter ◽  
R. S. Appeldoorn ◽  
A. Bruckner ◽  
E. H. Williams Jr. ◽  
C. Goenaga
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Coral Reef ◽  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
La Parguera

scholarly journals Western Caribbean sea surface temperatures during the late Quaternary

2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew W. Schmidt ◽  
Maryline J. Vautravers ◽  
Howard J. Spero
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Caribbean Sea ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Temperatures ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Western Caribbean
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