scholarly journals Characterization of the initial stage of negative rocket-triggered lightning

1999 ◽  
Vol 104 (D4) ◽  
pp. 4213-4222 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Wang ◽  
V. A. Rakov ◽  
M. A. Uman ◽  
M. I. Fernandez ◽  
K. J. Rambo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Initial Stage ◽  
Triggered Lightning

Characterization of the Initial Stage of Discharges between Micro-gap in Liquid using Optical Measurement

2010 ◽  
Vol 130 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-318
Author(s):  
Makoto Kanemaru ◽  
Shohei Sorimachi ◽  
Shinji Ibuka ◽  
Shozo Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Optical Measurement ◽  
Initial Stage

Characterization of electric field waveforms from triggered lightning at 58 m

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 103537
Author(s):  
Li Cai ◽  
Qiang Hu ◽  
Jianguo Wang ◽  
Xin Zou ◽  
Quanxin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Triggered Lightning

In-Situ Characterization of Growth and Intermixing at a Heteroepitaxial Interface: Fe on Au(001)

1993 ◽  
Vol 318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Jiang ◽  
A. Chan ◽  
Y.-L. He ◽  
G.-C. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Background Intensity ◽  
In Situ Characterization ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Monolayer Growth ◽  
Low Energy Electron ◽  
Energy Dependent

ABSTRACTThe growth and chemical intermixing of submonolayer and a few monolayer thick Fe films on a Au(001) surface was studied by High Resolution Low Energy Electron Diffraction (HRLEED) technique. Through the analysis of the energy dependent angular profiles as a function of time, we obtained the distribution of islands and distribution of spacings during submonolayer growth. The interference of electron waves from different chemical elements in terraces at different heights in the surface contributes to the background intensity and broadening in the angular profiles of diffraction beams. A subsurface Fe capped by Au islands as a result of atomic place exchange was observed at the initial stage of monolayer growth. From the energy dependent angular profiles as a function of temperature, we determine the quantitative change of inhomogeneity length (∼20 Å) at the interface of ultrathin films at elevated temperatures due to intermixing.

Application of the Continuous Rheoconversion Process (CRP) to Low Temperature HPDC-Part I: Microstructure

2006 ◽  
Vol 116-117 ◽  
pp. 402-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Yue Pan ◽  
Stuart Wiesner ◽  
Diran Apelian
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Primary Phase ◽  
Heat Extraction ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Fraction Solid ◽  
Die Castings

The continuous rheoconversion process (CRP) is a novel slurry-on-demand process that was developed at MPI/WPI in 2002. The process is based on a passive liquid mixing technique in which the nucleation and growth of the primary phase are controlled using a specially designed “reactor”. The reactor provides heat extraction, copious nucleation, and forced convection during the initial stage of solidification, thus leading to the formation of globular structures. This paper presents our recent work on the scale-up of the CRP for industrial applications. Specifically, we demonstrate an important application of the CRP to low temperature (low fraction solid) HPDC. In Part I of this paper, we present salient results on microstructural characterization of CRP processed castings vs. conventional die castings.

Observation of Growth Front on the Initial Stage of Goss Abnormally-Growing Grain in Fe-3%Si Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 753 ◽  
pp. 307-310
Author(s):  
Kyung Jun Ko ◽  
Jong Tae Park ◽  
Chan Hee Han
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Secondary Recrystallization ◽  
Growth Front ◽  
Very High Frequency ◽  
Grain Boundary Mobility ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Matrix

During abnormal grain growth, a few Goss grains grow exclusively fast and consume the matrix grains. The Goss abnormally-growing grain (AGG) has peculiar features which are irregular grain boundaries and very high frequency of peninsular grains nearby the growth front of AGG and island grains trapped inside AGG. These features might provide a clue for clarifying the mechanism of Goss AGG. The experimentally-observed microstructural feature and grain boundary characterization of Goss were approached by the solid-state wetting mechanism. In this study, observing the three-dimensional wetting morphology in serial section images of Goss AGG by EBSD, we report some direct microstrucrual evidence supporting solid-state wetting mechanism for Goss AGG. The solid-state wetting mechanism for the evolution of the Goss AGG in Fe-3%Si steel explains the microstructural features evolved during secondary recrystallization, which cannot be approached by the conventional theories based on the grain boundary mobility.

scholarly journals Business Risk and Project Management in Civil Construction Branch

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 324-331
Author(s):  
Marek Winiarski ◽  
Mariusz Urbański ◽  
Riffat Faizan
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Business Risk ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Time Frames ◽  
Final Effect

AbstractProject management is general planning, coordination and inspection of the project, from the initial stage all the way to final phase, its purpose is an accomplishment of the accepted task and creation of the functional final effect, without exceeding established costs, time-frames and fulfillment of required standards of the quality. The present article was devoted to the issue of the project management in the construction sector in order to reduce the business risk. The study is based on literature examinations with an own methodological solution for project management in the construction industry. After introducing a set of definitions of the project and describing the concept of project management, a characterization of the project management in the construction industry and its effects in the economic space were described

Characterization of initial current pulses in negative rocket-triggered lightning with sensitive magnetic sensor

Radio Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 1432-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaopeng Lu ◽  
Hongbo Zhang ◽  
Rubin Jiang ◽  
Yanfeng Fan ◽  
Xiushu Qie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Sensor ◽  
Initial Current ◽  
Current Pulses ◽  
Triggered Lightning

Upward negative leaders in positive triggered lightning: Stepping and branching in the initial stage

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (13) ◽  
pp. 7029-7035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunjiao Pu ◽  
Rubin Jiang ◽  
Xiushu Qie ◽  
Mingyuan Liu ◽  
Hongbo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Initial Stage ◽  
Triggered Lightning

scholarly journals Determination of the Criminal Offense Elements in the Safety Rules Violation during Mining Operations

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 02012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Safargalieva ◽  
Oleg Sergeev ◽  
Yuriy Volgin ◽  
Marina Agienko
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Criminal Offense ◽  
Official Position ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Safety Rules

In the article, from the standpoint of a systematic approach, the forensic characterization of safety rules criminal violations during mining operations is analyzed. That is the basic element which determines the content and algorithm of uncovering of crimes, the investigation and trial of a criminal case. The subject (the identity of offender) is its central, basic element. It is noted that the element of subject (the identity of offender) is the most informative when investigating criminal violations of safety rules during mining operations. It is based on his study in the unity and interrelation of the following aspects: official position, social and psychological properties and personality traits and victimization behavior of the criminal offence victims and third parties. The situation of a crime (the second element of forensic characterization) is structured according to the circumstances that characterize pre-, criminal, and post-criminal state of outward things; three interrelated and interdependent are pointed out. The complex combination of the levels and edges of each selected elements of a cognizable object, due to the specifics of the crime in question, also determines the peculiarities of investigative actions and search activities at the initial stage of the investigation of safety rules criminal violations during mining operations. The article proposes recommendations to overcome the objective difficulties encountered in the investigation of criminal violations of safety rules during mining operations.

scholarly journals The Microporosity of Activated Carbon Fibre KF1500 Assessed by Combined CO2 Adsorption and Calorimetry Techniques and by Immersion Calorimetry

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Guillot ◽  
F. Stoeckli ◽  
Y. Bauguil
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Immersion Calorimetry ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Activated Carbon Fibre ◽  
And Calorimetry

The microporous structure of the activated carbon fibre KF1500 was investigated by applying a new technique as presented here. This was based on a combination of high-pressure CO2 adsorption measurements between 253 K and 353 K with direct measurement of the differential heats of adsorption at 298 K at low and medium coverages. The validity of this approach was tested by using two activated carbons which has been characterized previously by a variety of techniques, including immersion calorimetry. It appears that a combination of high-pressure adsorption and calorimetry with CO2 alone is a useful tool for the characterization of the whole range of microporosity. This approach confirms earlier observations, according to which the initial stage of adsorption by strongly activated carbons corresponds to adsorption on the walls of large micropores rather than to the primary filling of small micropores.

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