Pressure-driven currents derived from global ENA Images by IMAGE/HENA

2005 ◽  
pp. 153-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmond C. Roelof
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Driven

Use of Flexible Materials with a Novel Pressure Driven Equibiaxial Cell Stretching Device for Mechanical Stimulation of Single Mammalian Cells

2003 ◽  
Vol 773 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Kubicek ◽  
Stephanie Brelsford ◽  
Philip R. LeDuc
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Mechanical Stimulation ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Cellular Behavior ◽  
Cell Stretching ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Pressure Driven

AbstractMechanical stimulation of single cells has been shown to affect cellular behavior from the molecular scale to ultimate cell fate including apoptosis and proliferation. In this, the ability to control the spatiotemporal application of force on cells through their extracellular matrix connections is critical to understand the cellular response of mechanotransduction. Here, we develop and utilize a novel pressure-driven equibiaxial cell stretching device (PECS) combined with an elastomeric material to control specifically the mechanical stimulation on single cells. Cells were cultured on silicone membranes coated with molecular matrices and then a uniform pressure was introduced to the opposite surface of the membrane to stretch single cells equibiaxially. This allowed us to apply mechanical deformation to investigate the complex nature of cell shape and structure. These results will enhance our knowledge of cellular and molecular function as well as provide insights into fields including biomechanics, tissue engineering, and drug discovery.

Separation of Biologically Active Compounds by Membrane Operations

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Zhu ◽  
Renbi Bai
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Membrane Processes ◽  
Separation Technology ◽  
Pressure Driven

Background: Bioactive compounds from various natural sources have been attracting more and more attention, owing to their broad diversity of functionalities and availabilities. However, many of the bioactive compounds often exist at an extremely low concentration in a mixture so that massive harvesting is needed to obtain sufficient amounts for their practical usage. Thus, effective fractionation or separation technologies are essential for the screening and production of the bioactive compound products. The applicatons of conventional processes such as extraction, distillation and lyophilisation, etc. may be tedious, have high energy consumption or cause denature or degradation of the bioactive compounds. Membrane separation processes operate at ambient temperature, without the need for heating and therefore with less energy consumption. The “cold” separation technology also prevents the possible degradation of the bioactive compounds. The separation process is mainly physical and both fractions (permeate and retentate) of the membrane processes may be recovered. Thus, using membrane separation technology is a promising approach to concentrate and separate bioactive compounds. Methods: A comprehensive survey of membrane operations used for the separation of bioactive compounds is conducted. The available and established membrane separation processes are introduced and reviewed. Results: The most frequently used membrane processes are the pressure driven ones, including microfiltration (MF), ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF). They are applied either individually as a single sieve or in combination as an integrated membrane array to meet the different requirements in the separation of bioactive compounds. Other new membrane processes with multiple functions have also been developed and employed for the separation or fractionation of bioactive compounds. The hybrid electrodialysis (ED)-UF membrane process, for example has been used to provide a solution for the separation of biomolecules with similar molecular weights but different surface electrical properties. In contrast, the affinity membrane technology is shown to have the advantages of increasing the separation efficiency at low operational pressures through selectively adsorbing bioactive compounds during the filtration process. Conclusion: Individual membranes or membrane arrays are effectively used to separate bioactive compounds or achieve multiple fractionation of them with different molecule weights or sizes. Pressure driven membrane processes are highly efficient and widely used. Membrane fouling, especially irreversible organic and biological fouling, is the inevitable problem. Multifunctional membranes and affinity membranes provide the possibility of effectively separating bioactive compounds that are similar in sizes but different in other physical and chemical properties. Surface modification methods are of great potential to increase membrane separation efficiency as well as reduce the problem of membrane fouling. Developing membranes and optimizing the operational parameters specifically for the applications of separation of various bioactive compounds should be taken as an important part of ongoing or future membrane research in this field.

Recent Advances in Polymeric Membranes for Pressure Driven Applications

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-207
Author(s):  
Tapan K. Dey ◽  
Shivaraman Prabhakar ◽  
Pradip K. Tewari
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Membranes ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Pressure Driven

Effect of the membrane potential on the performance of ultrafiltration membranes

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Hartmut Schwarz ◽  
Vlastimil Kůdela ◽  
Jaromír Lukáš ◽  
Jiří Vacík ◽  
Volker Gröbe
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Concentration Polarization ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membranes ◽  
Membrane Cleaning ◽  
Gel Layer ◽  
Charged Membrane ◽  
Protein Molecules ◽  
Polysulfone Membranes ◽  
Pressure Driven

In the pressure driven process the performance of membranes for ultrafiltration can be changed by incorporating charged groups into the membranes. sulfonation of polysulfone membranes the membrane potential is varied. On interaction of the negatively charged membrane with positively or negatively charged protein molecules the formation of a concentration polarization gel layer proceeds at different rate. Thus, the performance of the membrane can be controlled by the membrane potential. The dependence of the performance on the potential is discussed and procedures for membrane cleaning are suggested.

scholarly journals Model-based design of pressure-driven product removal from stirred suspensions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramona Achermann ◽  
Viktoria Wiedmeyer ◽  
Mercedeh Sadat Hosseinalipour ◽  
Selin Güngör ◽  
Marco Mazzotti
Keyword(s):  
Model Based ◽  
Product Removal ◽  
Pressure Driven
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