Crystal Structures ofβ-Cyclodextrin Complexes with Formic Acid and Acetic Acid

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thammarat Aree ◽  
Burkhard Schulz ◽  
Günter Reck
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Cyclodextrin Complexes

Crystal Structures of a New Oral Iron Chelator, 1,2-Dimethyl-3-hydroxy-4- pyridone, and its Solvates with Acetic Acid and Formic Acid

1992 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hak‐Kim Chan ◽  
Soumojeet Ghosh ◽  
Suresh Venkataram ◽  
Yueh‐Erh Rahman ◽  
David J.W. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Iron Chelator ◽  
Oral Iron ◽  
Oral Iron Chelator

Confirmatory Tests for Aflatoxin B1

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 801-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter John Andrellos ◽  
George R Reid
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Thionyl Chloride ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Trifluoroacetic Acid ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Confirmatory Tests ◽  
Aflatoxin B ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Abstract Three confirmatory tests have been devised to identify aflatoxin B±. Portions of the isolated toxin are treated with formic acid-thionyl chloride, acetic acid-thionyl chloride, and trifluoroacetic acid, respectively, and aliquots of the three fluorescent reaction products are spotted on thin-layer chromatography plates. Standards treated with each of the three reagents, plus an untreated standard, are spotted on the same plate, and after development the spots are compared under ultraviolet light.

α-DEUTERIUM KINETIC ISOTOPE EFFECTS IN SOLVOLYSES OF endo-NORBORNYL p-BROMOBENZENESULFONATE

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 2254-2258 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Lee ◽  
Edward W. C. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Isotope Effects ◽  
Kinetic Isotope Effects ◽  
Aqueous Dioxane ◽  
Kinetic Isotope ◽  
Different Temperatures

endo-Norbornyl-2-d p-bromobenzenesulfonate was synthesized and the isotope effects, as measured by kH/kD, were determined over a range of temperatures for solvolyses in 30% water – 70% dioxane, acetic acid, and formic acid. Values of kH/kD are of the order of 1.20. The data appear to indicate slightly higher isotope effects as the solvents are changed from aqueous dioxane to acetic acid to formic acid, as well as somewhat higher isotope effects at lower temperatures. Possible mechanistic implications of these results are presented. Relative titrimetric acetolysis rates, kexo/kendo, at different temperatures, and enthalpies and entropies of activation for these acetolyses are evaluated and discussed.

Metal Phenoxyalkanoic Acid Interactions. XXV. The Crystal Structures of (2-Formyl-6-Methoxyphenoxy)Acetic Acid and Its Zinc(II) Complex and the Lithium, Zinc(II) and Cadmium(II) Complexes of (2-Chlorophenoxy)Acetic Acid

1987 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
EJ Oreilly ◽  
G Smith ◽  
CHL Kennard ◽  
TCW Mak
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Free Acid ◽  
Rotational Symmetry ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Third ◽  
Planar Complex ◽  
Hydrogen Bonded

The crystal structures of (2-formyl-6-methoxyphenoxy)acetic acid (1), diaquabis [(2-formyl-6-methoxyphenoxy) acetato ]zinc(11) (2), tetraaquabis [(2-chlorophenoxy) acetato ]zinc(11) (3), triaquabis [(2-chlorophenoxy) acetato ]cadmium(11) dihydrate (4) and lithium (2-chloro- phenoxy )acetate 1.5 hydrate (5) have been determined by X-ray diffraction. The acid (1) forms centrosymmetric hydrogen-bonded cyclic dimers [O…0, 2.677(6) �] which are non-planar. Complex (2) is six-coordinate with two waters [Zn- Ow , 1.997(2) �] and four oxygens from two asymmetric bidentate carboxyl groups [Zn-O, 2.073, 2.381(2) �] completing a skew trapezoidal bipyramidal stereochemistry. Complex (5) is also six-coordinate but is octahedral, with two trans-related unidentate carboxyl oxygens [mean Zn-O, 2.134(9) �] and four waters [mean Zn-O, 2.081(9) �]. The seven-coordinate complex (4) has crystallographic twofold rotational symmetry relating two :symmetric bidentate acid ligands [ Cd -O, 2.26, 2 48(:) �] and two waters [ Cd -O, 2.34(2) �] while the third water lies on this axis [ Cd -O, 2.27(2) �]. In contrast to the monomers (2)-(4), complex (5) is polymeric with tetrahedral lithium coordinated to one water and three carboxylate oxygens [mean Li-0, 1.95(1) �]. The essential conformation of the free acid is retained in complexes (2), (3) and (4) but in (5), it is considerably changed.

scholarly journals Valorization of secondary feedstocks from the agroindustry by selective catalytic oxidation to formic and acetic acid using the OxFA process

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Ponce ◽  
Stefanie Wesinger ◽  
Daniela Ona ◽  
Daniela Almeida Streitwieser ◽  
Jakob Albert
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Gaseous Oxygen ◽  
Water As Solvent ◽  
Selective Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Major Interest

AbstractThe selective oxidative conversion of seven representative fully characterized biomasses recovered as secondary feedstocks from the agroindustry is reported. The reaction system, known as the “OxFA process,” involves a homogeneous polyoxometalate catalyst (H8PV5Mo7O40), gaseous oxygen, p-toluene sulfonic acid, and water as solvent. It took place at 20 bar and 90 °C and transformed agro-industrial wastes, such as coffee husks, cocoa husks, palm rachis, fiber and nuts, sugarcane bagasse, and rice husks into biogenic formic acid, acetic acid, and CO2 as sole products. Even though all samples were transformed; remarkably, the reaction obtains up to 64, and 55% combined yield of formic and acetic acid for coffee and cocoa husks as raw material within 24 h, respectively. In addition to the role of the catalysts and additive for promoting the reaction, the influence of biomass components (hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin) into biogenic formic acid formation has been also demonstrated. Thus, these results are of major interest for the application of novel oxidation techniques under real recovered biomass for producing value-added products. Graphical abstract

Investigation on Formation and Solubility of Formic Acid, Acetic Acid and Levulinic Acid in Insulating Oil Using COSMO-RS

2021 ◽  
pp. 118256
Author(s):  
Enchen Yang ◽  
Hanbo Zheng ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
Wei Yao ◽  
Zijian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Insulating Oil

scholarly journals Effect of organic acids fed through drinking water on carcass and internal organs of broiler chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
E. K. Ndelekwute ◽  
H. O. Uzegbu ◽  
K. U. Amaefule ◽  
C. O. Okereke ◽  
B. I. Umoh
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Carcass Yield

A Six week study was carried out to investigate effect of different organic acids (OAs) fed through drinking water on carcass yield and internal organs weight of broiler chickens. The OAs were acetic acid (AA) butyric acid (BA), citric acid (CA) and formic acid (FA). One hundred and fifty (150) day old AborAcre-plus chicks were used. There were five treatments. Treatment 1 which served as control (CON) consumed water with no organic acid, while treatments 2,3, 4 and5 respectively were offered drinking water treated with 0.25% acetic acid (AA), butyric acid (BA), citric acid (CA) and formic acid (FA). Each treatment was replicated three times each having 10 birds arranged in completely randomized design (CRD). Feed and water were offered ad libitum. Results showed that dressed carcass weight and breast weight were improved by all the organic acids. While only AA positively influenced the thigh weight, all the OAs drinking water fed resulted to smaller drumstick compared to the CON. Feeding of AA, BA and FA through drinking water increased (PSO.05) deposition of abdominal fat. Weight of pancreas, small intestine, caecum and large intestine was significantly (P<0.05) higher in CON. The gall bladder was significantly (P<0.05) bigger in all the OA groups. Conclusively, OAs could be fed through the drinking water for improved percentage carcass yield, breast meat and larger gall bladder and invariably bile volume

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