scholarly journals Monitoring in Vivo Metabolism and Elimination of the Endogenous DNA Adduct, M1dG {3-(2-Deoxy-β-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl)pyrimido[1,2-α]purin-10(3H)-one}, by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry†

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1290-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles G. Knutson ◽  
Paul L. Skipper ◽  
Rosa G. Liberman ◽  
Steven R. Tannenbaum ◽  
Lawrence J. Marnett
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Dna Adduct ◽  
In Vivo Metabolism

scholarly journals 14C-Cobalamin Absorption from Endogenously Labeled Chicken Eggs Assessed in Humans Using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garrod ◽  
Rossow ◽  
Calvert ◽  
Miller ◽  
Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Physiological Limit ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Vitamin B 12 ◽  
Chicken Eggs ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
Cobalamin Absorption

Traditionally, the bioavailability of vitamin B-12 (B12) from in vivo labeled foods was determined by labeling the vitamin with radiocobalt (57Co, 58Co or 60Co). This required use of penetrating radioactivity and sometimes used higher doses of B12 than the physiological limit of B12 absorption. The aim of this study was to determine the bioavailability and absorbed B12 from chicken eggs endogenously labeled with 14C-B12 using accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). 14C-B12 was injected intramuscularly into hens to produce eggs enriched in vivo with the 14C labeled vitamin. The eggs, which provided 1.4 to 2.6 μg of B12 (~1.1 kBq) per serving, were scrambled, cooked and fed to 10 human volunteers. Baseline and post-ingestion blood, urine and stool samples were collected over a one-week period and assessed for 14C-B12 content using AMS. Bioavailability ranged from 13.2 to 57.7% (mean 30.2 ± 16.4%). Difference among subjects was explained by dose of B12, with percent bioavailability from 2.6 μg only half that from 1.4 μg. The total amount of B12 absorbed was limited to 0.5–0.8 μg (mean 0.55 ± 0.19 μg B12) and was relatively unaffected by the amount consumed. The use of 14C-B12 offers the only currently available method for quantifying B12 absorption in humans, including food cobalamin absorption. An egg is confirmed as a good source of B12, supplying approximately 20% of the average adult daily requirement (RDA for adults = 2.4 μg/day).

scholarly journals Histone Adduction with Nicotine: A Bio-Ams Study

Radiocarbon ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. H. Wu ◽  
H. F. Wang ◽  
Y. F. Liu ◽  
X. Y. Lu ◽  
J. J. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Mouse Liver ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
The Other ◽  
Histone 3 ◽  
Protein Adduction ◽  
Dna Adduction

Based on the study of DNA adduction with nicotine, we have measured the mouse hepatic histone adduction with 14C-labeled nicotine in vivo by bio-accelerator mass spectrometry (bio-AMS). In the exposure of mice to nicotine, the dose range administered was from 0.2 μg to 6.0 μg kg b.w.-1, which was equivalent to a very low level of human exposure to cigarette smoke. The adducts of either histone 1 (H1) or histone 3 (H3) with nicotine in mouse liver increased markedly with increasing nicotine dose. Our results have demonstrated that in the study of protein adduction with toxic xenobiotics as a biomarker, the AMS method achieves the highest sensitivity, 4.6 × 10-17 mol (46 amol) adducts per mg H1 protein, compared to all the other methods used previously.

In vitro and in vivo metabolism of 3-quinuclidinyl benzilate by high-resolution mass spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 113519
Author(s):  
Martin Uher ◽  
Martin Mžik ◽  
Jana Žďárová Karasová ◽  
David Herman ◽  
Lenka Čechová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
In Vivo Metabolism ◽  
High Resolution Mass ◽  
Resolution Mass ◽  
Quinuclidinyl Benzilate

THE IN VIVO METABOLISM OF CORTISOL AND CORTICOSTERONE BY THE MACAQUE MONKEY (Macaca fascicularis)

1975 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. R. Setchell ◽  
C. H. L. Shackleton
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Macaca Fascicularis ◽  
Macaque Monkey ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
In Vivo Metabolism

ABSTRACT [4-14C] Cortisol was administered intramuscularly to one adult female macaque monkey, MF3 (Macaca fascicularis). To adult female macaque monkey, MF4, [4-14C]corticosterone was administered intramuscularly. Urine samples were collected and the metabolites excreted identified using gas chromatography, radio-gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The principal metabolites of cortisol were identified as glucuronide conjugates of 11-oxygenated-17-oxosteroids. The excretion of tetrahydrocortisol and tetrahydrocortisone relative to the other corticosteroid metabolites was low compared with that of man. Two compounds, 3β-cortol and 3β-cortolone not normally present in human urine were identified in the urine from this species. The principal metabolites of corticosterone were glucuronide conjugates of hexahydroCompound A and hexahydrocorticosterone. Two unidentified radioactive compounds were also present.

scholarly journals In Vitro/In Vivo Metabolism of Ginsenoside Rg5 in Rat Using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography/Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Hong ◽  
Ping Yang ◽  
Shuping Li ◽  
Yizhen Guo ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
In Vivo Metabolism ◽  
Rat Urine ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ginsenoside Rg5

Background: Ginsenoside Rg5 has been proved to have a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, the in vitro and in vivo metabolism pathways of ginsenosides are still unclear, which impedes the understanding of their in vivo fate. In this paper, the possible metabolic process of Rg5 was studied and the metabolites are identified. Methods: Samples from rat liver microsomes (RLMs) in vitro and from rat urine, plasma and feces in vivo were collected for analysis after oral administration of Rg5. A rapid analysis technique using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)/quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS) was applied for detecting metabolites of Rg5 both in vitro and in vivo. Results: A feasible metabolic pathway was proposed and described for ginsenoside Rg5. A total of 17 metabolic products were detected in biological samples, including the RLMs (four), rat urine (two), feces (13) and plasma (four). Fifteen of them have never been reported before. Oxidation, deglycosylation, deoxidation, glucuronidation, demethylation and dehydration were found to be the major metabolic reactions of Rg5. Conclusions: The present study utilized a reliable and quick analytical tool to explore the metabolism of Rg5 in rats and provided significant insights into the understanding of the metabolic pathways of Rg5 in vitro and in vivo. The results could be used to not only evaluate the efficacy and safety of Rg5, but also identify potential active drug candidates from the metabolites.

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