Oxidative DNA Adducts Detected in Vitro from Redox Activity of Cigarette Smoke Constituents

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 2499-2504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manicka V. Vadhanam ◽  
Jose Thaiparambil ◽  
C. Gary Gairola ◽  
Ramesh C. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Dna Adducts ◽  
Redox Activity

The influence of cigarette smoke on colour stability and friction property of aesthetic orthodontic wires—In vitro study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-560
Author(s):  
Flávio Mendonça Copello ◽  
Lincoln Issamu Nojima ◽  
Margareth Maria Gomes Souza ◽  
Matheus Melo Pithon ◽  
Antônio Carlos Oliveira Ruellas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Colour Stability ◽  
Friction Property ◽  
Orthodontic Wires

scholarly journals Identification of New Markers of Alcohol-Derived DNA Damage in Humans

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 366
Author(s):  
Valeria Guidolin ◽  
Erik S. Carlson ◽  
Andrea Carrà ◽  
Peter W. Villalta ◽  
Laura A. Maertens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Adducts ◽  
Neutral Loss ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Dose Dependence ◽  
Accurate Mass ◽  
Constant Neutral Loss ◽  
Covalent Modifications ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Alcohol consumption is a risk factor for the development of several cancers, including those of the head and neck and the esophagus. The underlying mechanisms of alcohol-induced carcinogenesis remain unclear; however, at these sites, alcohol-derived acetaldehyde seems to play a major role. By reacting with DNA, acetaldehyde generates covalent modifications (adducts) that can lead to mutations. Previous studies have shown a dose dependence between levels of a major acetaldehyde-derived DNA adduct and alcohol exposure in oral-cell DNA. The goal of this study was to optimize a mass spectrometry (MS)-based DNA adductomic approach to screen for all acetaldehyde-derived DNA adducts to more comprehensively characterize the genotoxic effects of acetaldehyde in humans. A high-resolution/-accurate-mass data-dependent constant-neutral-loss-MS3 methodology was developed to profile acetaldehyde-DNA adducts in purified DNA. This resulted in the identification of 22 DNA adducts. In addition to the expected N2-ethyldeoxyguanosine (after NaBH3CN reduction), two previously unreported adducts showed prominent signals in the mass spectra. MSn fragmentation spectra and accurate mass were used to hypothesize the structure of the two new adducts, which were then identified as N6-ethyldeoxyadenosine and N4-ethyldeoxycytidine by comparison with synthesized standards. These adducts were quantified in DNA isolated from oral cells collected from volunteers exposed to alcohol, revealing a significant increase after the exposure. In addition, 17 of the adducts identified in vitro were detected in these samples confirming our ability to more comprehensively characterize the DNA damage deriving from alcohol exposures.

Pirfenidone mediates cigarette smoke extract induced inflammation and oxidative stress in vitro and in vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 107593
Author(s):  
Yiming Ma ◽  
Lijuan Luo ◽  
Xiangming Liu ◽  
Herui Li ◽  
Zihang Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Extract ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Synthesis andin vitroAntitumor Potency of (Cyclohexane-1,2-Diamine)Platinum(II) Complexes with Aminotris(Methylenephosphonic Acid) as Bone-Seeking Ligand

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Galanski ◽  
Susanna Slaby ◽  
Michael A. Jakupec ◽  
Bernhard K. Keppler
Keyword(s):  
Dna Adducts ◽  
Coordination Mode ◽  
Carcinoma Cell ◽  
Platinum Complexes ◽  
Ovarian Carcinoma Cell Line ◽  
Aminoacetic Acid ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Cellular Processing ◽  
Diamine Ligands

In order to develop platinum complexes with selective activity in primary and secondary bone malignancies and with the aim to optimize antitumor activity, platinum(II) complexes with aminotris(methylenephosphonic acid) as bone-seeking (osteotropic) ligand have been synthesized, characterized and tested in the cisplatin-sensitive ovarian carcinoma cell line CH1. As non-leaving diamine ligands, which are decisive for the cellular processing of DNA adducts,cis-R,S-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine,trans-S,S-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine andtrans-R,R-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine have been used, resulting in complexes 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the complexes under investigation decreases in the order 3>2>1 which is in accord with structure-activity relationships with other (cyclohexane-1,2- diamine)platinum(II) and platinum(IV) complexes: Bothtranscomplexes (2 and 3) display a higherin vitropotency than the correspondingcisisomer (I), with thetrans-R,Risomer (3) being the most active in this series. In comparison to the analogous (cyclohexane-1,2-diamine)platinum(II) complexes with bis(phosphonomethyl)aminoacetic acid as osteotropic carrier ligand, the cytotoxicity of 1-3 was found to be 1.5 – 2 fold higher, which is explainable by a different coordination mode of the phosphonic acid ligands (acetato versus phosphonato).

scholarly journals Pivotal role of MUC1 glycosylation by cigarette smoke in modulating disruption of airway adherens junctions in vitro

2014 ◽  
Vol 234 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Marianne Gallup ◽  
Lorna Zlock ◽  
Yu Ting Feeling Chen ◽  
Walter E Finkbeiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Adherens Junctions ◽  
Pivotal Role

scholarly journals In Vitro Characterization of DNA Adducts Formed by Foundry Air Particulate Matter

1996 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
pp. 687 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Savela ◽  
M. J. Kohan ◽  
D. Walsh ◽  
F. P. Perera ◽  
K. Hemminki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Dna Adducts ◽  
Air Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Particulate ◽  
In Vitro Characterization

scholarly journals High Levels of Dioxin-Like Potential in Cigarette Smoke Evidenced by In vitro and In vivo Biosensing

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (14) ◽  
pp. 7143-7150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayumi Kasai ◽  
Nobuhiko Hiramatsu ◽  
Kunihiro Hayakawa ◽  
Jian Yao ◽  
Shuichiro Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke

The Compound ATH434 Prevents Alpha-Synuclein Toxicity in a Murine Model of Multiple System Atrophy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
David I. Finkelstein ◽  
Jay J. Shukla ◽  
Robert A. Cherny ◽  
Jessica L. Billings ◽  
Eiman Saleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple System Atrophy ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Redox Activity ◽  
Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Older Volunteers ◽  
Control Food ◽  
Alpha Synuclein Aggregation

Background: An elevation in iron levels, together with an accumulation of α-synuclein within the oligodendrocytes, are features of the rare atypical parkinsonian disorder, Multiple System Atrophy (MSA). We have previously tested the novel compound ATH434 (formally called PBT434) in preclinical models of Parkinson’s disease and shown that it is brain-penetrant, reduces iron accumulation and iron mediated redox activity, provides neuroprotection, inhibits alpha synuclein aggregation and lowers the tissue levels of alpha synuclein. The compound was also well-tolerated in a first-in-human oral dosing study in healthy and older volunteers with a favorable, dose-dependent pharmacokinetic profile. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of ATH434 in a mouse MSA model. Methods: The PLP-α-syn transgenic mouse overexpresses α-synuclein, demonstrates oligodendroglial pathology, and manifests motor and non-motor aspects of MSA. Animals were provided ATH434 (3, 10, or 30 mg/kg/day spiked into their food) or control food for 4 months starting at 12 months of age and were culled at 16 months. Western blot was used to assess oligomeric and urea soluble α-synuclein levels in brain homogenates, whilst stereology was used to quantitate the number of nigral neurons and glial cell inclusions (GCIs) present in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Results: ATH434 reduced oligomeric and urea soluble α-synuclein aggregation, reduced the number of GCIs, and preserved SNpc neurons. In vitro experiments suggest that ATH434 prevents the formation of toxic oligomeric species of synuclein. Conclusion: ATH434 is a promising small molecule drug candidate that has potential to move forward to trial for treating MSA.

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