Characterization of Nanomaterials in Metal Colloid-Containing Dietary Supplement Drinks and Assessment of Their Potential Interactions after Ingestion

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 1616-1624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Reed ◽  
James J. Faust ◽  
Yu Yang ◽  
Kyle Doudrick ◽  
David G. Capco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Metal Colloid ◽  
Potential Interactions

Characterization of a new illicit phosphodiesterase-type-5 inhibitor identified in the softgel shell of a dietary supplement

2018 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Doi ◽  
Kazunaga Takahashi ◽  
Midori Yamazaki ◽  
Akiko Asada ◽  
Akihiro Takeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor ◽  
Phosphodiesterase Type

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Resveratrol Loaded Pectin/Alginate Blend Gastro-Resistant Microparticles

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oihane Gartziandia ◽  
Arrate Lasa ◽  
Jose Pedraz ◽  
Jonatan Miranda ◽  
Maria Portillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
European Pharmacopoeia ◽  
Oral Ingestion ◽  
Obesity Therapy ◽  
Encapsulation Process ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Background: The use of resveratrol as a dietary supplement is limited because it is easily oxidized and, after oral ingestion, it is metabolized into enterocytes and hepatocytes. Thus, new formulations are needed in order to improve its oral bioavailability. Objective: The objective of this study was to develop and characterize a gastro-resistant formulation of resveratrol for oral administration as a dietary supplement. Method: Resveratrol was encapsulated in Eudragit-coated pectin-alginate microparticles. Results: The microparticle size was about 1450 µm, with an encapsulation efficiency of 41.72% ± 1.92%. The dissolution assay conducted, as specified in the European Pharmacopoeia for delayed-release dosage forms, revealed that our microparticles were gastro-resistant, because the resveratrol percentage released from microparticles in acid medium was less than 10%. In addition, the high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method developed for resveratrol content quantification in the microparticles was validated according to International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) Q2 (R1) guidelines. Finally, the biological activity of resveratrol was investigated in 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes, concluding that the encapsulation process does not affect the activity of resveratrol. Conclusion: In summary, the gastro-resistant microparticles developed could represent a suitable method of including resveratrol in dietary supplements and in functional foods used in obesity therapy.

scholarly journals Sampling networks of ecological interactions

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Jordano
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
Formal Approach ◽  
Sampling Protocols ◽  
Biodiversity Inventories ◽  
Adequate Sampling ◽  
Potential Interactions ◽  
Sizable Fraction ◽  
Interspecific Encounter

1. Sampling ecological interactions presents similar challenges, problems, potential biases, and constraints as sampling individuals and species in biodiversity inventories. Interactions are just pairwise relationships among individuals of two different species, such as those among plants and their seed dispersers in frugivory interactions or those among plants and their pollinators. Sampling interactions is a fundamental step to build robustly estimated interaction networks, yet few analyses have attempted a formal approach to their sampling protocols. 2. Robust estimates of the actual number of interactions (links) within diversified ecological networks require adequate sampling effort that needs to be explicitly gauged. Yet we still lack a sampling theory explicitly focusing on ecological interactions. 3. While the complete inventory of interactions is likely impossible, a robust characterization of its main patterns and metrics is probably realistic. We must acknowledge that a sizable fraction of the maximum number of interactions I_{max among, say, A animal species and P plant species (i.e., I_max= AP) is impossible to record due to forbidden links, i.e., life-history restrictions. Thus, the number of observed interactions I in robustly sampled networks is typically I<<I_{max}, resulting in extremely sparse interaction matrices with low connectance. 4. Reasons for forbidden links are multiple but mainly stem from spatial and temporal uncoupling, size mismatches, and intrinsically low probabilities of interspecific encounter for most potential interactions of partner species. Adequately assessing the completeness of a network of ecological interactions thus needs knowledge of the natural history details embedded, so that forbidden links can be "discounted'' when addressing sampling effort. 5. Here I provide a review and outline a conceptual framework for interaction sampling by building an explicit analogue to individuals and species sampling, thus extending diversity-monitoring approaches to the characterization of complex networks of ecological interactions. This is crucial to assess the fast-paced and devastating effects of defaunation-driven loss of key ecological interactions and the services they provide and the analogous losses related to interaction gains due to invasive species and biotic homogenization.

scholarly journals Dietary Supplement Use and Interactions with Tamoxifen and Aromatase Inhibitors in Breast Cancer Survivors Enrolled in Lifestyle Interventions

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3730
Author(s):  
Maura Harrigan ◽  
Courtney McGowan ◽  
Annette Hood ◽  
Leah M. Ferrucci ◽  
ThaiHien Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Research ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Lifestyle Interventions ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Dietary Supplement Use ◽  
Potential Interactions

The use of dietary supplements is common in the general population and even more prevalent among cancer survivors. The World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research specifies that dietary supplements should not be used for cancer prevention. Several dietary supplements have potential pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions that may change their clinical efficacy or potentiate adverse effects of the adjuvant endocrine therapy prescribed for breast cancer treatment. This analysis examined the prevalence of self-reported dietary supplement use and the potential interactions with tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors (AIs) among breast cancer survivors enrolled in three randomized controlled trials of lifestyle interventions conducted between 2010 and 2017. The potential interactions with tamoxifen and AIs were identified using the Natural Medicine Database. Among 475 breast cancer survivors (2.9 (mean) or 2.5 (standard deviation) years from diagnosis), 393 (83%) reported using dietary supplements. A total of 108 different types of dietary supplements were reported and 36 potential adverse interactions with tamoxifen or AIs were identified. Among the 353 women taking tamoxifen or AIs, 38% were taking dietary supplements with a potential risk of interactions. We observed a high prevalence of dietary supplement use among breast cancer survivors and the potential for adverse interactions between the prescribed endocrine therapy and dietary supplements was common.

Isolation and structural characterization of a new tadalafil analog (chloropropanoylpretadalafil) found in a dietary supplement

2016 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 360-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara E. Kern ◽  
Lisa M. Lorenz ◽  
Adam Lanzarotta ◽  
Elisa A. Nickum ◽  
Jonathan J. Litzau
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Structural Characterization

scholarly journals National Institute on Aging Workshop: Repurposing Drugs or Dietary Supplements for Their Senolytic or Senomorphic Effects: Considerations for Clinical Trials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Romashkan ◽  
Henry Chang ◽  
Evan C Hadley
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Phase Ii Trials ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Standardized Measures ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Secretory Phenotype ◽  
Potential Interactions

Abstract Background Cell senescence is implicated in numerous age-related conditions. Drugs and nutritional supplements developed for a variety of purposes kill senescent cells (senolytics) or suppress their secretions (senomorphics). There is interest in repurposing such drugs to treat or prevent age-related diseases. To date, only small-scale preliminary trials have been conducted. Method At a workshop convened by the National Institute on Aging in August 2019, academic, industry, and government scientists reviewed issues for phase II trials of potentially repurposable drugs, or dietary supplements, to assess benefits and risks of their senolytic (killing senescent cells) or senomorphic (altering senescent cells’ phenotypes) effects in treating or preventing age-related conditions. Results Participants reviewed mechanisms and effects of cellular senescence, senolytics, and senomorphics of several classes and their potential role in treating or preventing disease, modulators of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype, needs for senescence markers, data and specimen resources, infrastructure for planning trials, and potential effects on outcomes in older patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. Conclusions Participants noted the importance of considering potential effects of candidate drugs on multiple aging outcomes. It is important to assess drugs’ specificity for killing senescent cells and the balance between senolytic and cytotoxic effects. Markers of specific senescent cell types are needed to assess intervention responses. There are potential interactions with coexisting diseases and their treatments in older persons. Standardized measures could enhance comparisons and pooling of data. Additional characterization of human cell senescent phenotypes is needed for developing better and more specific senolytics and senomorphics.

scholarly journals Optical and Structural Characterization of Zinc Implanted Silica Under Various Thermal Treatments

1996 ◽  
Vol 438 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mu ◽  
Jinli Chen ◽  
Z. Y. Gu ◽  
A. Ueda ◽  
Y. -S. Tung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Ion ◽  
Annealed Sample ◽  
Absorption Peak ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Quantum Confinement Effects ◽  
Metal Colloid ◽  
Plasma Absorption ◽  
Colloid Formation

AbstractZinc ion implanted silica with controlled thermal annealing has been investigated. Low temperature optical measurements indicate the presence of Zn clusters in the as-implanted silica. Optical spectra of the annealed sample under a reducing environment suggest Zn cluster and Zn metal colloid formation. The absorption peak at ∼5.3 eV may be due to the surface plasma absorption of Zn metal colloids in silica. The oxidized samples (10 and 6 x 1016 ions/cm2) show an absorption peak at ∼4.3 and ∼4.8 eV, respectively and imply ZnO quantum dot formation. The blueshift in exciton absorption can be attributed to the quantum confinement effects.

scholarly journals Genome-wide characterization of coding and non-coding RNAs in the ovary of honeybee workers and queens

Apidologie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 777-792
Author(s):  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Wei Shi
Keyword(s):  
Egg Laying ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Competing Endogenous Rna ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Competing Endogenous Rna Network ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Virgin Queens ◽  
Potential Interactions

Abstract Adult honeybee queens and workers drastically differ in ovary state and ovary size. However, this reproductive bias is only partially understood from the view of a single RNA type. In this study, we predicted 10,271 mRNAs, 7235 lncRNAs, 11,794 circRNAs, and 164 miRNAs in the ovary of honeybee workers through bioinformatics. Combining RNA sequencing data of honeybee virgin queens, 4385 mRNAs, 2390 lncRNAs, 5602 circRNAs, and 75 miRNAs were differentially expressed in workers compared with virgins. Compared with egg-laying queens, 6536 mRNAs, 3130 lncRNAs, 5751 circRNAs, and 81 miRNAs were differentially expressed in workers. Further, functional annotation revealed that neural regulation was closely related to ovary state. Moreover, the potential interactions among circRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs revealed that vitellogenin, ecdysone-induced protein 74, ame_circ_0001176, and ame_circ_0001243 might play critical roles in the competing endogenous RNA network. These findings suggest that the integrative RNA networks have potential effects in ovarian phenotype differences in honeybees.

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