Review of Cellulose Non-Derivatizing Solvent Interactions with Emphasis on Activity in Inorganic Molten Salt Hydrates

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 858-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanghamitra Sen ◽  
James D. Martin ◽  
Dimitris S. Argyropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Molten Salt ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Molten Salt Hydrates ◽  
Salt Hydrates

scholarly journals Catalytic Conversion of α-Pinene to High-Density Fuel Candidates Over Stannic Chloride Molten Salt Hydrates

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7517
Author(s):  
Seong-Min Cho ◽  
June-Ho Choi ◽  
Jong-Hwa Kim ◽  
Bonwook Koo ◽  
In-Gyu Choi
Keyword(s):  
Molten Salt ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
High Density ◽  
Stannic Chloride ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Base Interaction ◽  
Molten Salt Hydrates ◽  
Salt Hydrates ◽  
Coordinated Water

The synthesis of dimeric products from monoterpene hydrocarbons has been studied for the development of renewable high-density fuel. In this regard, the conversion of α-pinene in turpentine over stannic chloride molten salt hydrates (SnCl4·5H2O) as a catalyst was investigated, and the reaction products were analyzed with gas chromatography/flame ionization detector/mass spectrometer (GC/FID/MS). Overall, the content of α-pinene in a reaction mixture decreased precipitously with an increasing reaction temperature. Almost 100% of the conversion was shown after 1 h of reaction above 90 °C. From α-pinene, dimeric products (hydrocarbons and alcohols/ethers) were mostly formed and their yield showed a steady increase of up to 61 wt% based on the reaction mixture along with the reaction temperature. This conversion was thought to be promoted by Brønsted acid activity of the catalyst, which resulted from a Lewis acid-base interaction between the stannic (Sn(IV)) center and the coordinated water ligands. As for the unexpected heteroatom-containing products, oxygen and chlorine atoms were originated from the coordinated water and chloride ligands of the catalyst. Based on the results, we constructed not only a plausible catalytic cycle of SnCl4·5H2O but also the mechanism of catalyst decomposition.

Monosaccharide separation from ZnCl2 molten salt hydrates by zeolite beta

Adsorption ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan van den Bergh ◽  
Wouter Wiedenhof ◽  
Dorota Siwy ◽  
Hans Heinerman
Keyword(s):  
Molten Salt ◽  
Zeolite Beta ◽  
Molten Salt Hydrates ◽  
Salt Hydrates

An empirical correlation for viscosity of molten salt hydrates

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Sharma ◽  
C. K. Jotshi ◽  
Amrao Singh
Keyword(s):  
Molten Salt ◽  
Empirical Correlation ◽  
Molten Salt Hydrates ◽  
Salt Hydrates
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