Comparative Shotgun Proteomic Analysis of Wastewater-Cultured Microalgae: Nitrogen Sensing and Carbon Fixation for Growth and Nutrient Removal inChlamydomonas reinhardtii

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 3051-3067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil K. Patel ◽  
Eric L. Huang ◽  
Etienne Low-Décarie ◽  
Mark G. Lefsrud
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Nitrogen Sensing

scholarly journals iTRAQ-based comparative proteomic analysis of differences in the protein profiles of stems and leaves from two alfalfa genotypes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Sun ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Junmei Kang ◽  
Mingna Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Development ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Chlorophyll Synthesis ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Chlorophyll Metabolism ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Proteomic Study

Abstract Background: To explore the molecular regulatory mechanisms of early stem and leaf development, proteomic analysis was performed on leaves and stems of F genotype alfalfa, with thin stems and small leaves, and M genotype alfalfa, with thick stems and large leaves.Results: Based on fold-change thresholds of >1.20 or <0.83 (p<0.05), a large number of proteins were identified as being differentially enriched between the M and F genotypes: 249 downregulated and 139 upregulated in stems and 164 downregulated and 134 upregulated in leaves. The differentially enriched proteins in stems were mainly involved in amino acid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, carbon fixation, and phenylalanine metabolism. The differentially enriched proteins in leaves were mainly involved in porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms. Six differentially enriched proteins were mapped onto the porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism pathway in leaves of the M genotype, including five upregulated proteins involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis and one downregulated protein involved in chlorophyll degradation. Eleven differentially enriched proteins were mapped onto the phenylpropanoid pathway in stems of the M genotype, including two upregulated proteins and nine downregulated proteins. Conclusion: Enhanced chlorophyll synthesis and decreased lignin synthesis provided a reasonable explanation for the larger leaves and lower levels of stem lignification in M genotype alfalfa. This proteomic study aimed to classify the functions of differentially enriched proteins and to provide information on the molecular regulatory networks involved in stem and leaf development.

scholarly journals iTRAQ-based comparative proteomic analysis of differences in the protein profiles of stems and leaves from two alfalfa genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Sun ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Junmei Kang ◽  
Mingna Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Development ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Chlorophyll Synthesis ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Chlorophyll Metabolism ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Proteomic Study

Abstract Background To explore the molecular regulatory mechanisms of early stem and leaf development, proteomic analysis was performed on leaves and stems of F genotype alfalfa, with thin stems and small leaves, and M genotype alfalfa, with thick stems and large leaves. Results Based on fold-change thresholds of > 1.20 or < 0.83 (p < 0.05), a large number of proteins were identified as being differentially enriched between the M and F genotypes: 249 downregulated and 139 upregulated in stems and 164 downregulated and 134 upregulated in leaves. The differentially enriched proteins in stems were mainly involved in amino acid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, carbon fixation, and phenylalanine metabolism. The differentially enriched proteins in leaves were mainly involved in porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms. Six differentially enriched proteins were mapped onto the porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism pathway in leaves of the M genotype, including five upregulated proteins involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis and one downregulated protein involved in chlorophyll degradation. Eleven differentially enriched proteins were mapped onto the phenylpropanoid pathway in stems of the M genotype, including two upregulated proteins and nine downregulated proteins. Conclusion Enhanced chlorophyll synthesis and decreased lignin synthesis provided a reasonable explanation for the larger leaves and lower levels of stem lignification in M genotype alfalfa. This proteomic study aimed to classify the functions of differentially enriched proteins and to provide information on the molecular regulatory networks involved in stem and leaf development.

scholarly journals Comparative Proteomic Analysis Reveals the Regulatory Effects of H2S on Salt Tolerance of Mangrove Plant Kandelia obovata

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ling Liu ◽  
Zhi-Jun Shen ◽  
Martin Simon ◽  
Huan Li ◽  
Dong-Na Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Triosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Primary Metabolism ◽  
Kandelia Obovata ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Mangrove Plant

As a dominant mangrove species, Kandelia obovata is distributed in an intertidal marsh with an active H2S release. Whether H2S participates in the salt tolerance of mangrove plants is still ambiguous, although increasing evidence has demonstrated that H2S functions in plant responses to multiple abiotic stresses. In this study, NaHS was used as an H2S donor to investigate the regulatory mechanism of H2S on the salt tolerance of K. obovata seedlings by using a combined physiological and proteomic analysis. The results showed that the reduction in photosynthesis (Pn) caused by 400 mM of NaCl was recovered by the addition of NaHS (200 μM). Furthermore, the application of H2S enhanced the quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) and the membrane lipid stability, implying that H2S is beneficial to the survival of K. obovata seedlings under high salinity. We further identified 37 differentially expressed proteins by proteomic approaches under salinity and NaHS treatments. Among them, the proteins that are related to photosynthesis, primary metabolism, stress response and hormone biosynthesis were primarily enriched. The physiological and proteomic results highlighted that exogenous H2S up-regulated photosynthesis and energy metabolism to help K. obovata to cope with high salinity. Specifically, H2S increased photosynthetic electron transfer, chlorophyll biosynthesis and carbon fixation in K. obovata leaves under salt stress. Furthermore, the abundances of other proteins related to the metabolic pathway, such as antioxidation (ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX), copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (CSD2), and pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1)), protein synthesis (heat-shock protein (HSP), chaperonin family protein (Cpn) 20), nitrogen metabolism (glutamine synthetase 1 and 2 (GS2), GS1:1), glycolysis (phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) and triosephosphate isomerase (TPI)), and the ascorbate–glutathione (AsA–GSH) cycle were increased by H2S under high salinity. These findings provide new insights into the roles of H2S in the adaptations of the K. obovata mangrove plant to high salinity environments.

Coordination of carbon fixation and nitrogen metabolism in Salicornia europaea under salinity: Comparative proteomic analysis on chloroplast proteins

PROTEOMICS ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 4346-4367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengxiang Fan ◽  
Juanjuan Feng ◽  
Ping Jiang ◽  
Xianyang Chen ◽  
Hexigeduleng Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Salicornia Europaea ◽  
Comparative Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Chloroplast Proteins

scholarly journals iTRAQ-based comparative proteomic analysis of differences in the protein profiles of stems and leaves from two alfalfa genotypes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Sun ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Junmei Kang ◽  
Mingna Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Development ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Chlorophyll Metabolism ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis

Abstract Background: To explore the molecular regulatory mechanisms of early stem and leaf development, proteomic analysis was performed on leaves and stems of F genotype alfalfa, with thin stems and small leaves, and M genotype alfalfa, with thick stems and large leaves. Results: Based on fold-change thresholds of >1.20 or <0.83 ( p <0.05), a large number of proteins were identified as being differentially enriched between the M and F genotypes: 249 downregulated and 139 upregulated in stems and 164 downregulated and 134 upregulated in leaves. The differentially expressed proteins in stems were mainly involved in amino acid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, carbon fixation, and phenylalanine metabolism. The differentially expressed proteins in leaves were mainly involved in porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms. Six differentially enriched proteins were mapped onto the porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism pathway in leaves of the M genotype, including five upregulated proteins involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis and one downregulated protein involved in chlorophyll degradation. Eleven differentially enriched proteins were mapped onto the phenylpropanoid pathway in stems of the M genotype, including two upregulated proteins and nine downregulated proteins. Conclusion: Enhanced chlorophyll synthesis and decreased lignin synthesis provided a reasonable explanation for the larger leaves and lower levels of stem lignification in M genotype alfalfa. This proteomic study aimed to classify the functions of differentially enriched proteins and to provide information on the molecular regulatory networks involved in stem and leaf development.

scholarly journals iTRAQ-based comparative proteomic analysis of differences in the protein profiles of stems and leaves from two alfalfa genotypes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Sun ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Junmei Kang ◽  
Mingna Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Development ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Chlorophyll Synthesis ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Chlorophyll Metabolism ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Proteomic Study

Abstract Background: To explore the molecular regulatory mechanisms of early stem and leaf development, proteomic analysis was performed on leaves and stems of F genotype alfalfa, with thin stems and small leaves, and M genotype alfalfa, with thick stems and large leaves.Results: Based on fold-change thresholds of >1.20 or <0.83 (p<0.05), a large number of proteins were identified as being differentially enriched between the M and F genotypes: 249 downregulated and 139 upregulated in stems and 164 downregulated and 134 upregulated in leaves. The differentially expressed proteins in stems were mainly involved in amino acid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, carbon fixation, and phenylalanine metabolism. The differentially enriched proteins in leaves were mainly involved in porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms. Six differentially enriched proteins were mapped onto the porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism pathway in leaves of the M genotype, including five upregulated proteins involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis and one downregulated protein involved in chlorophyll degradation. Eleven differentially enriched proteins were mapped onto the phenylpropanoid pathway in stems of the M genotype, including two upregulated proteins and nine downregulated proteins.Conclusion: Enhanced chlorophyll synthesis and decreased lignin synthesis provided a reasonable explanation for the larger leaves and lower levels of stem lignification in M genotype alfalfa. This proteomic study aimed to classify the functions of differentially enriched proteins and to provide information on the molecular regulatory networks involved in stem and leaf development.

scholarly journals iTRAQ-based Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Differences in the Protein Profiles of Stems and Leaves From Two Alfalfa Genotypes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Sun ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Junmei Kang ◽  
Mingna Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Development ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Pathway ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Chlorophyll Metabolism ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis

Abstract Background:To explore the molecular regulatory mechanisms of early stem and leaf development, proteomic analysis was performed on leaves and stems of F genotype alfalfa, with thin stems and small leaves, and M genotype alfalfa, with thick stems and large leaves.Results:Based on fold-change thresholds of >1.20 or <0.83 (p<0.05), a large number of proteins were identified as being differentially enriched between the M and F genotypes: 249 downregulated and 139 upregulated in stems and 164 downregulated and 134 upregulated in leaves. The differentially expressed proteins in stems were mainly involved in amino acid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, carbon fixation, and phenylalanine metabolism. The differentially expressed proteins in leaves were mainly involved in porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, starch and sucrose metabolism, and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms. Six differentially enriched proteins were mapped onto the porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism pathway in leaves of the M genotype, including five upregulated proteins involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis and one downregulated protein involved in chlorophyll degradation. Eleven differentially enriched proteins were mapped onto the phenylpropanoid pathway in stems of the M genotype, including two upregulated proteins and nine downregulated proteins.Conclusion:Enhanced chlorophyll synthesis and decreased lignin synthesis provided a reasonable explanation for the larger leaves and lower levels of stem lignification in M genotype alfalfa. This proteomic study aimed to classify the functions of differentially enriched proteins and to provide information on the molecular regulatory networks involved in stem and leaf development.

scholarly journals A mathematical model for carbon fixation and nutrient removal by an algal photobioreactor

2016 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 354-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M.D. Al Ketife ◽  
Simon Judd ◽  
Hussein Znad
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Carbon Fixation

scholarly journals iTRAQ-based Proteomic Analysis of a Chlorophyll-Deficient Mutant Caused by Single Base Change in RPS4 of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica Campestris L. ssp. Pekinensis)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Tang ◽  
Fengyan Shi ◽  
Yiheng Wang ◽  
Shengnan Huang ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Chlorophyll Biosynthesis ◽  
Multiple Reaction Monitoring ◽  
Base Substitution ◽  
Deficient Mutant ◽  
Chlorophyll Metabolism ◽  
A Genome

Abstract Background: Plastids are important plant-cell organelles containing a genome and bacterial-type 70S ribosomes—primarily composed of plastid ribosomal proteins and ribosomal RNAs. In this study, a chlorophyll-deficient mutant (cdm) obtained from double-haploid Chinese cabbage ‘FT’ was identified as a plastome mutant with an A-to-C base substitution in the plastid gene encoding the ribosomal protein RPS4. To further elucidate the function and regulatory mechanisms of RPS4, a comparative proteomic analysis was conducted between cdm and ‘FT’ plants using isobaric tags and a relative and absolute quantitation by (iTRAQ)-based strategy.Results: A total of 6,245 proteins were identified, 540 of which were differentially expressed (DEPs) in the leaves of cdm as compared to those of ‘FT’—including 233 upregulated and 307 downregulated proteins. Upregulated DEPs were mainly involved in translation, organic nitrogen synthesis, ribosomes, and spliceosomes. Meanwhile, downregulated DEPs were mainly involved in photosynthesis, photosynthetic reaction centres, photosynthetic light harvesting, carbon fixation, and chlorophyll binding. Our findings indicate an important role of RPS4 in the regulation of growth and development of Chinese cabbage, possibly by regulating plastid translation activity by affecting the expression of specific photosynthesis- and cold stress-related proteins. Moreover, a multiple reaction monitoring test and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed our iTRAQ results.Conclusions: Quantitative proteomic analysis allowed us to confirm diverse changes in the metabolic pathways between cdm and ‘FT’ plants. Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses revealed that DEPs were significantly associated with photosynthesis, chlorophyll metabolism, carbon metabolism, RNA transport, glucosinolate biosynthesis, and gene splicing. This work provides new insights into the regulation of chlorophyll biosynthesis and photosynthesis in Chinese cabbage.

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