(+)-(S)-Dihydroaeruginoic Acid, an Inhibitor of Septoria tritici and Other Phytopathogenic Fungi and Bacteria, Produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens

1994 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 1200-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranit Carmi ◽  
Shmuel Carmeli ◽  
Edna Levy ◽  
Francis J. Gough
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi And Bacteria

Bactericidal and Fungicidal Activities of Calia secundiflora (Ort.) Yakovlev

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 653-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dolores Pérez-Laínez ◽  
Rosario García-Mateos ◽  
Ruben San Miguel-Chávez ◽  
Marcos Soto-Hernández ◽  
Enrique Rodríguez-Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Quinolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
In Vitro Bioassay ◽  
Organic Extract ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi And Bacteria

Calia secundiflora (Ortega) Yakovlev (Fabaceae) is considered a medicinal plant in Mexico but has scarcely been used because of the toxicity of its quinolizidine alkaloids. Several quinolizidine alkaloids have shown bactericidal, nematicidal, and fungicidal activities. The purpose of this study was to identify the alkaloids in the seeds and evaluate the activity of the organic extract on several phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria. An in vitro bioassay was conducted with species of the following phytopathogenic fungi: Alternaria solani, Fusarium oxysporum and Monilia fructicola; and of the following bacteria Pseudomonas sp., Xanthomonas campestris and Erwinia carotovora. Cytisine, lupinine, anagyrine, sparteine, N-methylcytisine, 5,6-dehydrolupanine, and lupanine were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the extract of seeds; the most abundant compound of the extract was cytisine. It was observed that the crude extract of Calia secundiflora was moderately active on bacteria and more potent on phytopathogenic fungi. In contrast cytisine showed the opposite effects.

Influence of the bioherbicide phosphinothricin on interactions between phytopathogens and their antagonists

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 1750-1760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
David Malloch ◽  
John Bissett
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Pythium Aphanidermatum ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
The Media ◽  
Microbial Toxin ◽  
Bacterium Bacillus

Phosphinothricin is a microbial toxin currently under development as a selective weed killer in the cultivation of transgenic plants engineered to resist its presence. Here it is shown that phosphinothricin is inhibitory to antagonistic soil microorganisms including Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas flourescens, and many species of Trichoderma. Phosphinothricin was also inhibitory to the phytopathogenic fungi Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In contrast, phytopathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Pythium aphanidermatum were highly resistant to phosphinothricin. In pathogen–antagonist challenges, species of Trichoderma that parasitize F. oxysporum and P. aphanidermatum were eliminated when phosphinothricin was added to the growth media. Similarly, the ability of Pseudomonas fluorescens to exclude Pythium aphanidermatum was markedly affected by the presence of phosphinothricin in the media. The dominance equilibrium between Trichoderma species and the bacterium Bacillus subtilis was influenced in favor of the former at 0 and 5 mM concentrations of the herbicide and in favor of the latter at 1 mM concentrations. Pseudomonas fluorescens was unable to exclude Trichoderma species regardless of the phosphinothricin concentration in the media. Key words: phosphinothricin, pathogens, fungi, bacteria, antagonists, biocontrol.

scholarly journals Isoquinoline Alkaloids from Macleaya cordata Active against Plant Microbial Pathogens

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0900401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Liu ◽  
Jihua Wang ◽  
Jianglin Zhao ◽  
Shiqiong Lu ◽  
Jingguo Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Isoquinoline Alkaloids ◽  
Spectrometric Data ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Bioassay Guided Fractionation ◽  
Macleaya Cordata ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi And Bacteria

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the crude extract of the whole plant of Macleaya cordata R. Br. led to the isolation of four alkaloids, which were identified as sanguinarine (1), chelerythrine (2), protopine (3) and α-allocryptopine (4) on the basis of their physicochemical and spectrometric data. Compounds 1 and 2 demonstrated a significant antifungal activity against the six test fungi with median inhibitory concentrations (IC50) ranging from 0.47 to 6.13 μg/mL. Compound 1 was the most effective with an IC50 of 0.47 μg/mL on Rhizoctonia solani. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 2 also demonstrated strong antibacterial activity, with IC50 values ranging from 5.01 to 11.3 μg/mL, and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) ranging from 8.0 to 32.0 μg/mL. This is the first report on the activity of the alkaloids from M. cordata against economically important phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document